Hm Nai language
{{Short description|Hmongic language spoken in China}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Hm Nai
|altname=Wunai
|nativename=Ng-nai
|states=China
|region=Hunan
|speakers=5,800
|date=2002
|ref=e18
|familycolor=Hmong-Mien
|fam2=Hmongic
|fam3=Bahengic
|iso3=bwn
|glotto=wuna1248
|glottorefname=Wunai Bunu
|map=Lang Status 60-DE.svg
|mapcaption={{center|{{small|Hm Nai is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger}}}}
}}
Hm Nai (Mandarin: Wunai (唔奈 Wúnài), Cantonese: Ng-nai) is a Hmong-Mien language spoken{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6p6b5GQ4Q4YC&q=Hm+Nai+language&pg=PA285 |title=Language Diversity Endangered |date=2007 |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-017050-4 |editor-last=Brenzinger |editor-first=Matthias |location=Berlin |language=en}} in western Hunan province, China. There are approximately 5800 people speaking this language, and the number is decreasing.{{Cite web |title=Bunu, Wunai |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/bwn/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007181511/http://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/bwn/ |archive-date=2016-10-07 |access-date=2017-02-10 |website=Ethnologue}} Mao & Li (1997) determined it to be closely related to the Pa-Hng language.
Distribution
Hm Nai is spoken in:Mao Zongwu [毛宗武], Li Yunbing [李云兵]. 1997. A study of Pa-Hng [巴哼语研究]. Shanghai: Shanghai Far East Publishing House [上海远东出版社].
- Longhui County: in Huxingshan 虎形山乡, Xiaoshajiang 小沙江乡, Motang 磨塘乡, Dashuitian 大水田乡. The Huxingshan 虎形山乡 dialect is the best documented variety, since it is typically used as the representative datapoint for Hm Nai.
- Xupu County
- Chenxi County
- Dongkou County
- Chengbu County
- Xinning County
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
{{refbegin}}
- {{Cite book |last=Mao |first=Zongwu 毛宗武 |title=Bāhēngyǔ yánjiū |last2=Li |first2=Yunbing 李云兵 |date=1997 |publisher=Shanghai yuandong chubanshe |location=Shanghai |language=zh |script-title=zh:巴哼语研究 |trans-title=A Study of Baheng [Pa-Hng]}}
- {{Cite book |last=Meng |first=Chaoji 蒙朝吉 |title=Yáozú Bùnǔyǔ fāngyán yánjiū |date=2001 |publisher=Minzu chubanshe |location=Beijing |language=zh |script-title=zh:瑤族布努语方言研究 |trans-title=A Study of the Bunu Dialects of the Yao People}}
- Yang, Zaibiao 杨再彪. 2016. Munaiyu yanjiu 呣奈语研究. Ph.D. dissertation. Changsha: Hunan Normal University 湖南师范大学.
{{refend}}
{{Hmong-Mien languages}}
{{Languages of China}}
Category:Definitely endangered languages
Category:Endangered languages of China
{{hm-lang-stub}}