Holešov

Holešov consists of six municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):{{cite web |title=Public Census 2021 – basic data|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4690&katalog=33475&pvo=SLD21043-CO|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2022}}

{{div col|colwidth=12em}}

• Holešov (7,847)
• Dobrotice (438)
• Količín (344)
• Tučapy (406)
• Všetuly (1,998)
• Žopy (486)

{{div col end}}

The name is derived from the personal name Holeš.{{cite web |last=Rohanová|first=Jana|title=Hůl nebo stromy, názvy obcí vznikaly všelijak|url=https://kromerizsky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/hul-nebo-stromy-nazvy-obci-vznikaly-vselijak.html|work=Deník.cz|language=cs|date=2010-12-18|access-date=2024-09-18}}

Holešov is located about {{convert|12|km|0}} east of Kroměříž and {{convert|13|km|0|abbr=on}} north of Zlín. The Rusava Stream flows through the town.

The western and southern parts of the municipal territory with the town proper lie in a flat landscape of the Upper Morava Valley. The northern part with the villages of Dobrotice and Tučapy lies in the Moravian-Silesian Foothills. A small eastern part of the territory extends into the Hostýn-Vsetín Mountains and includes the highest point of Holešov, the hill Lysina with an elevation of {{convert|598|m|ft|abbr=on}}.

Holešov has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb; Trewartha: Dcbo). The annual average temperature is {{convert|9.6|C}}. The annual precipitation is {{convert|627.5|mm}}. The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from {{convert|-29.9|C}} on 7 January 1985 to {{convert|36.9|C}} on 1 August 2013.{{cite web |title=Teplota vzduchu v jednotlivé kalendářní dny|url=https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/T.php?ID=B1HOLE01&type=graphMD|publisher=Czech Hydrometeorological Institute|language=cs|access-date=2024-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250103001718/https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/T.php?ID=B1HOLE01&type=graphMD|archive-date=2025-01-03}}

{{Weather box

|location = Holešov (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1954–present)

|metric first = yes

|single line = yes

|collapsed = yes

|Jan record high C = 15.6

|Feb record high C = 16.9

|Mar record high C = 24.0

|Apr record high C = 29.3

|May record high C = 32.3

|Jun record high C = 35.2

|Jul record high C = 36.3

|Aug record high C = 36.9

|Sep record high C = 31.4

|Oct record high C = 26.0

|Nov record high C = 21.7

|Dec record high C = 15.4

|year record high C = 36.9

|Jan high C = 1.7

|Feb high C = 4.1

|Mar high C = 9.2

|Apr high C = 15.8

|May high C = 20.1

|Jun high C = 23.8

|Jul high C = 26.1

|Aug high C = 26.0

|Sep high C = 20.3

|Oct high C = 14.2

|Nov high C = 8.0

|Dec high C = 2.6

|year high C = 14.3

|Jan mean C = -1.1

|Feb mean C = 0.5

|Mar mean C = 4.4

|Apr mean C = 10.0

|May mean C = 14.5

|Jun mean C = 18.1

|Jul mean C = 19.9

|Aug mean C = 19.7

|Sep mean C = 14.7

|Oct mean C = 9.5

|Nov mean C = 4.9

|Dec mean C = 0.2

|year mean C = 9.6

|Jan low C = -4.5

|Feb low C = -3.5

|Mar low C = -0.6

|Apr low C = 3.4

|May low C = 8.0

|Jun low C = 11.5

|Jul low C = 13.2

|Aug low C = 13.3

|Sep low C = 9.5

|Oct low C = 5.3

|Nov low C = 1.6

|Dec low C = -2.7

|year low C = 4.5

|Jan record low C = -29.9

|Feb record low C = -26.9

|Mar record low C = -19.7

|Apr record low C = -8.8

|May record low C = -3.1

|Jun record low C = 1.1

|Jul record low C = 3.7

|Aug record low C = 2.4

|Sep record low C = -3.0

|Oct record low C = -9.1

|Nov record low C = -17.2

|Dec record low C = -23.8

|year record low C = -29.9

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 28.4

|Feb precipitation mm = 29.8

|Mar precipitation mm = 36.3

|Apr precipitation mm = 37.7

|May precipitation mm = 72.3

|Jun precipitation mm = 80.1

|Jul precipitation mm = 87.4

|Aug precipitation mm = 67.7

|Sep precipitation mm = 67.6

|Oct precipitation mm = 44.2

|Nov precipitation mm = 40.6

|Dec precipitation mm = 35.5

|year precipitation mm = 627.5

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 7.1

|Feb precipitation days = 6.6

|Mar precipitation days = 7.9

|Apr precipitation days = 7.2

|May precipitation days = 9.7

|Jun precipitation days = 8.9

|Jul precipitation days = 9.9

|Aug precipitation days = 8.0

|Sep precipitation days = 7.9

|Oct precipitation days = 7.6

|Nov precipitation days = 7.1

|Dec precipitation days = 7.4

|year precipitation days = 95.3

|Jan snow cm = 16.0

|Feb snow cm = 13.7

|Mar snow cm = 5.4

|Apr snow cm = 0.7

|May snow cm = 0.0

|Jun snow cm = 0.0

|Jul snow cm = 0.0

|Aug snow cm = 0.0

|Sep snow cm = 0.0

|Oct snow cm = 0.1

|Nov snow cm = 3.5

|Dec snow cm = 12.3

|year snow cm = 51.6

|humidity colour = green

|Jan humidity = 84.7

|Feb humidity = 80.5

|Mar humidity = 74.5

|Apr humidity = 66.9

|May humidity = 69.6

|Jun humidity = 70.2

|Jul humidity = 68.9

|Aug humidity = 69.0

|Sep humidity = 75.9

|Oct humidity = 80.9

|Nov humidity = 84.8

|Dec humidity = 86.4

|year humidity = 76.0

|Jan sun = 48.8

|Feb sun = 78.0

|Mar sun = 129.7

|Apr sun = 196.1

|May sun = 234.5

|Jun sun = 245.1

|Jul sun = 252.5

|Aug sun = 248.1

|Sep sun = 170.9

|Oct sun = 111.6

|Nov sun = 53.7

|Dec sun = 39.6

|year sun = 1808.6

|source 1 = NOAA{{cite web |title=Holesov Climate Normals 1991-2020|url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/CzechRepublic/CSV/Holesov_11774.csv|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|access-date=2023-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921054955/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/CzechRepublic/CSV/Holesov_11774.csv|archive-date=2023-09-21}}

|source 2 = Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (extremes){{cite web |title=Denní data dle zákona 123/1998 Sb.|url=https://www.chmi.cz/historicka-data/pocasi/denni-data/Denni-data-dle-z.-123-1998-Sb|publisher=Czech Hydrometeorological Institute|access-date=2023-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828031457/https://www.chmi.cz/historicka-data/pocasi/denni-data/Denni-data-dle-z.-123-1998-Sb|archive-date=2023-08-28}}{{cite web |title=Množství nového sněhu v jednotlivé měsíce v jednotlivé roky|url=https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/N.php?ID=B1HOLE01&type=graphMY|publisher=Czech Hydrometeorological Institute|language=cs|access-date=2024-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909223758/https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/N.php?ID=B1HOLE01&type=graphMY|archive-date=2024-09-09}}{{cite web |title=Průměrná relativní vlhkost vzduchu v jednotlivé měsíce v jednotlivé roky|url=https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/H.php?ID=B1HOLE01&type=graphMY|publisher=Czech Hydrometeorological Institute|language=cs|access-date=2024-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909223756/https://www.envidata.cz/dataAnalysis/meteoKlima/H.php?ID=B1HOLE01&type=graphMY|archive-date=2024-09-09}}}}

File:Šachova synagoga 08.jpg

The first written mention of Holešov is from 1141 in a deed of Jindřich Zdík, when the settlement was a fief of bishops of Olomouc. Between 1300 and 1322, the market village transformed into a town.{{cite web |title=Historie|url=https://www.holesov.cz/historie|publisher=Město Holešov|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-15}}

In the second half of the 14th century, Holešov was acquired by the lords of Sternberg. In the late 16th century, the town was held by Karel Sr. of Zierotin and later by Ladislav IV Popel of Lobkowicz. In 1574, the local Gothic fortress was rebuilt into a Renaissance residence. Holešov suffered during the Thirty Years' War and in 1643, the castle and two thirds of the town were burned down. From 1650 to 1762, Holešov was owned by the Rottal family. During their rule, the town was reconstructed, and a large castle with a Baroque French-style garden and the Church of Assumption of the Virgin Mary were built.{{cite web |title=Historie zámku|url=https://www.holesov.cz/historie-zamku|publisher=Město Holešov|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-15}}

The last owners of Holešov was the Vrbna family. After 1848, Holešov became the administrative centre of the Holešov District and the economic centre of the region. The town began to industrialize and the main industries were the woodworking, furniture, knitting and food industries. In 1960, the district of Holešov was dissolved.

The first mention of Jewish presence in the town is from 1391. The Jewish community began to form here after 1454, when the Jews were expelled from royal towns.{{cite web|title=Vývoj židovské obce v Holešově|url=http://holesov.jinak.cz/zide.php?zide=vyvoj&menu=2|work=Holešov jinýma očima|language=cs|access-date=2025-03-07}} During the 17th century, Rabbi Shach served as a rabbi in Holešov until his death.{{cite web |title=Dozens to gather in Holešov to honor Rabbi Shach|url=https://english.radio.cz/dozens-gather-holesov-honor-rabbi-shach-8843383|publisher=Czech Radio|date=2025-02-20|access-date=2025-02-20}} From 1849 until 1918, the Jewish community had its own administration separated from the town. In these times, the community participated on the town's industrialization and included successful entrepreneurs. The Jews almost disappeared from Holešov during World War II as the result of the Holocaust.

The Old Synagogue was built after the local wooden synagogue was destroyed by a fire in 1560. The New Synagogue was built in 1893 and destroyed by the Nazis in 1941.{{cite web|title=Šachova synagóga|url=http://holesov.jinak.cz/zide.php?zide=synagoga&menu=2|publisher=Holešov jinýma očima|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-15}}

{{historical populations

|align=none|cols=3

|1869|6924

|1880|7267

|1890|8012

|1900|8907

|1910|9875

|1921|9714

|1930|10184

|1950|9759

|1961|10994

|1970|10972

|1980|12317

|1991|12717

|2001|12463

|2011|11755

|2021|11519

|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2021-03-27}}}}

The public airport of regional importance in the southern part of Holešov was transformed into Strategic Industrial Zone, which is one of the largest industrial zones in the country.{{cite web

|title=Strategic industrial zone in Holešov|url=https://www.zonaholesov.cz/en/|access-date=2020-09-17}}

The short finished section of the D49 motorway connects Holešov with Hulín, where is the junction of the D1 and D55 motorways.

Holešov is located on the railway line Rožnov pod Radhoštěm–Kojetín.{{cite web |title=Detail stanice Holešov|url=https://www.cd.cz/stanice/holesov/5433855|publisher=České dráhy|language=cs|access-date=2023-10-23}}

File:Pohled na zámek Holešov ze zahrady.jpg

File:Holešov, Zámecká.jpg

Holešov is known for its large castle with the French-style garden complex and a game park. The early Baroque castle was built in 1655–1674. Today the castle is open to the public and houses also the town museum and gallery.

The landmark of the town square is the parish Church of Assumption of the Virgin Mary. The Baroque church was built in 1708 and consecrated in 1735. In 1748, the Black Chapel was added to the church. Under the chapel is the crypt of the Rottal and Vrbna noble families.{{cite web |title=Církevní památky|url=https://www.holesov.cz/cirkevni-pamatky|publisher=Město Holešov|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-15}}

Trinitarian monastery is a valuable Baroque complex of buildings, built in 1748–1750. Its Church of Saint Anne was originally a part of the pre-castle complex.

The Old Synagogue is the second oldest synagogue in Moravia. It is an uncommon synagogue of the Polish type built in the Renaissance style which includes ornate ironwork and paintings on ceilings and walls using floral and animal motifs. The Old Synagogue, also known as the "Shakh" or "Šach" Synagogue, was preserved because it looked like an ordinary building from outside. Today it containts an exhibition about the life of Jews in Moravia.

The Jewish cemetery contains about 3,000 graves. The oldest preserved tombstones are from 1647.{{cite web|title=Židovský hřbitov|url=http://holesov.jinak.cz/zide.php?zide=hrbitov&menu=2|publisher=Holešov jinýma očima|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-15}}

• Jan of Holešov (1366–1436), writer, linguist, musicologist and ethnographer
• Franz Xaver Richter (1709–1789), Austro-Moravian singer, violinist and composer
• Josef Drásal (1841–1886), the tallest Czech ever; lived and died here
• Mavro Frankfurter (1875–1942), Croatian rabbi
• Oldřich Vyhlídal (1921–1989), poet and translator

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}

Holešov is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Partnerská města|url=https://www.holesov.cz/partnerska-mesta|publisher=Město Holešov|language=cs|access-date=2021-12-15}}

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}

• {{flagicon|CRO}} Desinić, Croatia
• {{flagicon|SVK}} Považská Bystrica, Slovakia
• {{flagicon|POL}} Pszczyna, Poland
• {{flagicon|POL}} Skawina, Poland
• {{flagicon|SVK}} Topoľčianky, Slovakia
• {{flagicon|SVK}} Turčianske Teplice, Slovakia

{{div col end}}

Holešov also cooperates with Gloggnitz in Austria.

{{reflist}}

{{commons category|Holešov}}

• {{official|https://www.holesov.cz/}}
• [https://www.holesov.info/ Official information portal]

{{Kroměříž District}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Holesov}}

Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic

Category:Populated places in Kroměříž District

Category:Jewish communities in the Czech Republic