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Honi language

{{Short description|Sino-Tibetan language spoken in China and Southeast Asia}}

{{Distinguish|Hani language}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Honi

|nativename=

|states=Southern China, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar

|region=

|ethnicity=Hani

|speakers=140,000

|date=2007

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan

|fam2=Tibeto-Burman

|fam3=Lolo–Burmese

|fam4=Loloish

|fam5=Southern

|fam6=Hanoid

|dia1=Baihong

|dia2=Haoni

|iso3=how

|glotto=honi1244

|glottorefname=Honi

}}

The Honi language (豪尼語), also known as Haoni, Baihong, Hao-Bai, or Ho, is a language of the Loloish (Yi) branch of the Tibeto-Burman linguistic group spoken in Yunnan, China. The Chinese government groups speakers of this language into the Hani nationality, one of China's 56 recognized nationalities and considers the language to be a dialect of the wider Hani languages. Honi itself is divided into two distinct dialects, Baihong and Haoni, which may be separate languages.

Phonology

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Consonants of the Mojiang dialect

! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |

! rowspan="2" | Labial

! colspan="2" | Alveolar

! rowspan="2" | Post-
alveolar

! rowspan="2" | Palatal

! rowspan="2" | Velar

{{small|plain}}

! {{small|sibilant}}

colspan="2" | Nasal

| {{IPAlink|m}}

| {{IPAlink|n}}

|

|

| {{IPAlink|ȵ}}

| {{IPAlink|ŋ}}

rowspan="2" | Plosive/
Affricate

! {{small|unaspirated}}

| {{IPAlink|p}}

| {{IPAlink|t}}

| {{IPAlink|ts}}

| {{IPAlink|tʃ}}

| {{IPAlink|tɕ}}

| {{IPAlink|k}}

{{small|aspirated}}

| {{IPAlink|pʰ}}

| {{IPAlink|tʰ}}

| {{IPAlink|tsʰ}}

| {{IPAlink|tʃʰ}}

| {{IPAlink|tɕʰ}}

| {{IPAlink|kʰ}}

rowspan="2" | Continuant

! {{small|voiceless}}

| {{IPAlink|f}}

| {{IPAlink|l̥}}

| {{IPAlink|s}}

| {{IPAlink|ʃ}}

| {{IPAlink|ɕ}}

| {{IPAlink|x}}

{{small|voiced}}

| {{IPAlink|v}}

| {{IPAlink|l}}

| {{IPAlink|z}}

| {{IPAlink|ʒ}}

|

| {{IPAlink|ɣ}}

colspan="2" | Semivowel

| {{IPAlink|w}}

|

|

|

| {{IPAlink|j}}

|

A voiceless /{{IPA|l̥}}/ may also be realized as a lateral fricative [{{IPA|ɬ}}].

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Vowels of the Mojiang dialect

!

! colspan="2" |Front

!Central

! colspan="2" |Back

High

| colspan="2" |{{IPAlink|i}}

|

|{{IPAlink|ɯ}}

|{{IPAlink|u}}

High-mid

| colspan="2" |

|

|{{IPAlink|ɤ}}

|{{IPAlink|o}}

Low-mid

| colspan="2" |{{IPAlink|ɛ}}

|

| colspan="2" |{{IPAlink|ɔ}}

Low

| colspan="2" |{{IPAlink|æ}}

|{{IPAlink|a}}

| colspan="2" |

Syllabic

|{{IPAlink|v̩}}

|{{IPAlink|ɹ̩}}

|

| colspan="2" |

In the Mojiang dialect, vowel length is distinctive among vowels /{{IPA|iː ɛː}}/ and syllabic vowels /{{IPA|v̩ː ɹ̩ː}}/.{{Cite book|title=哈尼语简志 / Ha ni yu jian zhi|last=Yongsui|first=Li|last2=Ersong|first2=Wang|publisher=Beijing: Minzu Chubanshe|year=1986|pages=3–16}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan="2" |

! colspan="2" |Front

!Back

rowspan="3" |Diphthong

!Close

| colspan="2" |{{IPA|iu}}

|{{IPA|ui}}

Mid

|{{IPA|io}}

|{{IPA|iɔ}}

|{{IPA|uɛ}}

Open

| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ia}}

|{{IPA|ua}}

rowspan="3" |Nasal

!Close

| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ĩ}}

|

Mid

|{{IPA|ɛ̃}}

|{{IPA|õ}}

|

Open

| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ã}}

|

rowspan="2" |Nasal
Diphthong

!Mid

|{{IPA|ĩɛ̃}}

|{{IPA|ĩõ}}

|{{IPA|ũɛ̃}}

Open

| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ĩã}}

|{{IPA|ũã}}

References

{{reflist}}

  • Wang Hongxiao [王红晓]; Zhao Dewen [赵德文]. 2017. Zhongguo Mojiang Hanizu Haoniren wenhua shilu [中国墨江哈尼族豪尼人文化实录]. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南人民出版社].

{{Languages of China}}

{{Sino-Tibetan languages}}

{{Lolo-Burmese languages}}

Category:Southern Loloish languages

Category:Languages of Yunnan

{{st-lang-stub}}