Horodok, Haisyn Raion
{{short description|Village in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Horodok
| native_name = {{lang|uk|Городок}}
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). В'їзд у село.jpg
| image_caption = Entrance to village
| image_flag =
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{UKR}}
| subdivision_type1 = Oblast
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Vinnytsia Oblast}}
| subdivision_type2 = Raion
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Haisyn Raion}}
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1612
| established_title1 =
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| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 3.85
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| population_as_of = 2018
| population_note =
| population_total = 1,076
| population_footnotes =
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| population_density_km2 = auto
| pushpin_map = Ukraine Vinnytsia Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Horodok
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| coordinates = {{coord|48|57|24|N|29|31|27|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m = 200
| postal_code = 22753
| area_code = +380 4345
| blank_info =
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| subdivision_name3 = {{nowrap|Dashiv settlement hromada}}
| subdivision_type3 = Hromada
}}
Horodok ({{langx|uk|Городок}}; {{langx|ru|Городо́к}}; {{langx|pl|Gródek}}){{Cite book |last=Chlebowski |first=Bronisław |url=http://dir.icm.edu.pl/pl/Slownik_geograficzny/Tom_II/818 |title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom II |publisher=Józef Mianowski Fund |year=1889 |location=Warsaw |pages=818 |language=pl}} is a village in Dashiv settlement hromada, Haisyn Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast, in Ukraine. It lies on both banks of the Soroka River[
History
Initially, the settlement was called Grudek (Ukrainian: Грудек), and was founded between 1612 and 1625, then being part of the Granov volost[
By 1863, the population was over 2,000, the majority of which were Orthodox, with the rest mostly being Polish Catholics and Jews. Orthodox residents were mostly engaged in agriculture and low-level artisan positions.
The town's population peaked around 1910, with a total of 11,167 residents. The town's population had fallen by 1939 to 8,031 people, with 1/4th being Jewish. The town population in the 2010s is nearly 1/8th of its pre-WWII population.{{Cite web |last=Marc |first=Goldberger |last2=Schreiber |first2=Steven |title=Kehilalinks - Horodok/Grayding: History |url=https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/horodok/history.htm |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=kehilalinks.jewishgen.org}}
On June 12, 2020, by order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, "On the definition of administrative centers and approval of territories of territorial communities of Vinnytsia region", the village became part of the Dashivka city community.{{Cite web |title=On the definition of administrative centers and approval of territories of territorial communities of Vinnytsia region |url=https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-viznachennya-administrativnih-centriv-ta-zatverdzhennya-teritorij-teritorialnih-gromad-vinnickoyi-oblasti-707-120620 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304163245/https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/pro-viznachennya-administrativnih-centriv-ta-zatverdzhennya-teritorij-teritorialnih-gromad-vinnickoyi-oblasti-707-120620 |archive-date=March 4, 2021 |access-date=2021-11-10 |website=www.kmu.gov.ua |language=uk}} One month later, as a result of territorial reform in Ukraine, it was removed from the liquidated Illintsi Raion, and became part of the Haisyn Raion.{{Cite web |title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів |url=https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/807-20 |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України |language=uk}}
Jews and the Holocaust
The town had a large Jewish population during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, although settlement occurred as early as the 17th century, and continued to grow despite earlier pogroms.{{Cite web |title=Gorodok - Untold Stories |url=https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/untold-stories/community/14621933-Gorodok |website=Yad Vashem}} The town had a wooden synagogue that burned down in 1939.
The population of the village by the 1897 All-Russia census was nearly 8,600 people, 3,200 of whom were Jewish. Jews mostly resided in the center of the town, while many of the Polish residents resided in farms on the outskirts of the village.{{Cite web |last=Marc |first=Goldberger |last2=Schreiber |first2=Steven |title=Kehilalinks - Horodok Grayding: Town life |url=https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/horodok/townlife.htm |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=kehilalinks.jewishgen.org}}
The town was captured by German forces on July 8, 1941. A ghetto was formed shortly after to house the Jews of Horodok and nearby Kuzmyn. In the beginning of Autumn of 1941, several Jews were publicly tortured and hanged in the town square as an intimidation tactic. In October 1941, most of the Jews were brought to a military base near the Yarmolintsi railway station. Following an attempted uprising, the Jews were shot, along with the Jews of Frampol[
In modern times, there is a Jewish cemetery atop a hill in the village with tombstones from up until the end of the 19th century.
Gallery
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Сільрада.jpg|Village council
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Будинок культури.jpg|House of culture
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). В'їзд у село.jpg|Village entrance
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Пам'ятник Т. Шевченку.jpg|Monument to T. Shevchenko
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Річка Сорока.jpg|Soroka River
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Ставок.jpg|Pond
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Церква.jpg|Church
File:Городок (Іллінецький р-н). Школа.jpg|School
{{Haisyn Raion}}
{{Vinnytsia Oblast}}
{{Authority control}}