IBM 1443

The IBM 1443 Printer was introduced as part of the IBM 1440 system.{{cite web

|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP1440.html

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050114203100/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP1440.html

|url-status=dead

|archive-date=January 14, 2005

|title=1440 Data Processing System}} The 1443 Model 1 prints alphanumeric, upper-case only, output at a basic rate of 150 lines per minute, and it can print up to 430 lines a minute with a restricted character set, depending upon the type bars used. The Model 2's and Model N1's corresponding speeds are 240 and 600 LPM.

The typebars are easily interchangeable, with options for character sets containing 13, 39, 52,"A-Z upper case, 10 digits 0-9, and 16 special characters: {{cite web

|title=Executive Guide to the IBM 1440 Data Processing System

|url=http://s3data.computerhistory.org/brochures/ibm.1440.1962.102646251.pdf |date=1962}} or 63 characters.

The print speeds vary according to the model and the character set.{{cite book |series=IBM Systems Reference Library |title=IBM 1440 System Component Description... |date=1962 |publisher=IBM Corporation |page=18 |edition=0th |url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/1440/A26-5667-0_1442_1443_Component_Descr_1962.pdf |access-date=20 May 2022}}

The 1443 printer uses 120 or 144 print hammers and hammer magnets,depending on whether the printer has the standard 120 columns or the optional 144-columns conceptually similar to the IBM 1132 printer's one-per-column print magnets.

Output is formatted at 10 characters per inch, with a choice of six or eight lines per inch,{{rp|p.1}} with additional options for single, double or triple-spacing.{{rp|p.3}}

The 1443 uses fan-folded paper with perforated edges for tractor feeding. A carriage control tape specifies form length and the form line where printing was to begin so that paper of various sizes could be used. A carriage control tape simplifies use of pre-printed forms and the programming needed to allow proper alignment.{{rp|p.3}}

Type bars were replaced by type wheels or a drum in later printers, most notably:

• IBM 407 - introduced 1949 - type wheels{{cite web

|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/vintage/vintage_4506VV4007.html

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070101062514/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/vintage/vintage_4506VV4007.html

|url-status=dead

|archive-date=January 1, 2007

|title=IBM 407 accounting machine}} - adapted as an input/output unit on the IBM 650

• IBM 716 - introduced in 1952 with the IBM 701 and others in the IBM 700/7000 series
• IBM 1132{{cite web

|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/1130/functional_characteristics/A26-5881-3_1130_Functional_Characteristics.pdf

|title=IBM 1130 Functional Characteristics}} - introduced in 1965 with the low cost IBM 1130 computer system.

The 1132 was the last printer manufactured by IBM to use the 407's technology. In 1959 this technology was superseded with the introduction of the IBM 1403 chain printer;{{cite web |url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/how-the-ibm-1403-printer-hammered-out-1100-lines-per-minute

|title=How the IBM 1403 printer hammered out 1100 lines per minute}} both the 1132 and 1403 were available with the 1130.

• Line printer

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20140103000945/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/images/overlay/2423PH1440.jpg IBM 1440 system, including a 1443]
• [https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102640497 IBM 1443 typebars, collection of the Computer History Museum]

{{reflist}}

Category:IBM printers

Category:Computer-related introductions in 1963