IV Corps (India)

{{short description|Military field formation of the Indian Army}}

{{Infobox military unit

| unit_name = IV Corps

| image = File:Gajraj Corps.png

| image_size = 200px

| caption = Indian Army IV Corps Formation Sign

| dates = Jan 1942 - November 1945
October 1962 – present

| country = India

| allegiance =

| branch = Indian Army

| type =

| role = Mountain (Holding) Corps

| size = Corps

| command_structure = 20px Eastern Command

| garrison = Tezpur

| nickname = Gajraj Corps

| equipment =

| notable_commanders = Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw
Lt Gen Sagat Singh
General Arun Shridhar Vaidya
General Nirmal Chander Vij
Lt Gen Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
Lt Gen Sarath Chand
Lt Gen Devraj Anbu
Gen Manoj Pande

| current_commander = Lt Gen Gambhir Singh
{{post-nominals|country=IND|size=75%|sep=,|AVSM|}}{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen Gambhir Singh takes over as GOC IV Corps - ADGPI Twitter |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1818974871319421190?t=9iRz_raMnJUXYlfWo5ylSQ&s=19|access-date=2024-08-01 |website=X (formerly twitter)|language=en}}

| ceremonial_chief =

| colonel_of_the_regiment =

}}

{{Military unit sidebar|title=Indian Army Corps (1915 - Present)|previous=III Corps|next=IX Corps}}

The IV Corps, or the Gajraj Corps, is a corps of the Indian Army headquartered in Tezpur, Assam. The corps was raised in 1942 for the defence of Assam and was demobilised in 1945. It was re-raised in October 1962 just before the Sino-Indian War.

History

The British IV Corps, under the command of Lieutenant-General Noel Irwin, was deployed from the Middle East in January 1942, for the defense of Assam from the advancing Japanese during the Second World War. Following the end of the war, the corps was demobilised in November 1945.{{cite web|url=https://samsshopping.com/product/4-corps-golden-jubilee-1962-2012/|title=4 Corps Golden Jubilee 1962-2012|date=2012-10-04|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=12 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712094158/https://samsshopping.com/product/4-corps-golden-jubilee-1962-2012/|url-status=live}}

The corps was re-raised by Lieutenant General Brij Mohan Kaul at Tezpur, Assam on 4 October 1962, close to the Sino-Indian War.Orbat.com, [https://web.archive.org/web/20040306004515/http://www.orbat.com/site/orbats/data/india/armycorps2003.html Indian Army Corps 2003], accessed July 2010 Over the years, it has played a role in both conventional and counter-insurgency operations in the eastern theatre, especially during the 1971 war in Bangladesh.

During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the Gajraj Corps made the famous advance to Dhaka during the liberation of Bangladesh and also participated in the Meghna Heli Bridge Operations. Lieutenant General Sagat Singh, PVSM had innovatively employed Mi-4 helicopters to cross Meghna River, which was considered impassable and his Corps relentlessly attacked and defeated the Pakistani forces. The innovative use of helicopters has remained unparalleled. The Corps had proved its mettle and very proficiently carried out its task in the most complex sector in terms of distances from the logistic bases.{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/gajraj-corps-celebrates-58th-raising-day-raised-amid-india-china-war-654313|title=Gajraj Corps, raised amid India-China war, celebrates 58th Raising Day|date=4 October 2020|access-date=7 October 2020|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008200437/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/gajraj-corps-celebrates-58th-raising-day-raised-amid-india-china-war-654313|url-status=live}}

The corps has been active in counter-insurgency roles as part of Operation Bajrang (from November 1990), Operation Rhino I (from September 1991) and Operation Rhino II (from April 1992).

Composition

It currently consists of:{{cite web|url=https://stratpost.com/how-the-army-lost-secret-op-plans-against-china/|title=How the army lost secret op plans against China|date=2013-06-13|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713144629/https://stratpost.com/how-the-army-lost-secret-op-plans-against-china/|url-status=live}}

71 Mountain Division, headquartered at Missamari.{{cite web |url=http://chhindits.blogspot.com/2010/07/dna-page-1-indian-armys-new-division-to.html |title=Chindits: DNA Page 1: Indian Army's New Division to Counter China, 71 MTN Div, Kicks off !! |access-date=19 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101102162504/http://chhindits.blogspot.com/2010/07/dna-page-1-indian-armys-new-division-to.html |archive-date=2 November 2010 |url-status=dead }}
5th Mountain Division (Ball of Fire Division{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/5-div.htm|title=5 Mountain Division / Ball of Fire Division|last=Pike|first=John|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2017-05-14|archive-date=6 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706054025/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/5-div.htm|url-status=live}}), headquartered at Rupa near Bomdila.{{cite web|url = https://www.insidene.com/arunachal-cm-visits-army-division-headquarter-rupa/|title = Arunachal Cm Visits Army Division Headquarter in Rupa - Inside Ne|date = 22 March 2018|access-date = 26 November 2021|archive-date = 26 November 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211126190651/https://www.insidene.com/arunachal-cm-visits-army-division-headquarter-rupa/|url-status = live}} The division was converted to a mountain division in 1963. It is posted to the west of 2 Mountain Division in Arunachal Pradesh.Conboy et al, Elite Forces of India and Pakistan, p.8
21st Mountain Division (Red Horn Division{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/21-div.htm|title=21 Mountain Division / Red Horns Division|last=Pike|first=John|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2017-05-14|archive-date=6 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706054255/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/21-div.htm|url-status=live}}), headquartered at Rangia[http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-34700130_ITM Access my library] {{dead link|date=November 2023}}

List of General Officers Commanding

For the list of GOCs between 1942 and 1945 - List of GOCs 1942-45

class="wikitable sortable"

!Rank

!Name

!Appointment Date

!Left Office

!Unit of Commission

!References

rowspan="40" |Lieutenant General

|Brij Mohan Kaul

|4 October 1962

|2 December 1962

|Rajputana Rifles

| {{refn|group=nb|Lieutenant General Harbaksh Singh took over command of 4 Corps for a few days, when Lieutenant General B M Kaul had fallen sick.{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/special/the-general-who-saved-punjab-in-the-1965-war/20150907.htm|title=The general who saved Punjab in the 1965 War|date=2015-09-07|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509055439/https://www.rediff.com/news/special/the-general-who-saved-punjab-in-the-1965-war/20150907.htm|url-status=live}}}}

SHFJ Manekshaw

|2 December 1962

|4 December 1963

|8th Gorkha Rifles

|{{cite web|url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1963/O-1838-1963-0001-83376.pdf|title=Gazette of India|date=1963-01-05|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=7 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807132308/https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1963/O-1838-1963-0001-83376.pdf|url-status=live}}

Manmohan Khanna

|5 December 1963

|Kumaon Regiment

|{{cite web |title=THE GAZETTE OF INDIA |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1964/O-1796-1964-0003-81867.pdf |website=egazette.nic.in |access-date=12 January 2022 |date=18 January 1964 |archive-date=12 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912054934/https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1964/O-1796-1964-0003-81867.pdf |url-status=live }}

Sagat Singh

|December 1970

|3rd Gorkha Rifles

|{{cite web|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1970-JUNE-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1970-12-11_244.pdf|title=PIB release|date=1970-12-11|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=29 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929052728/https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1970-JUNE-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1970-12-11_244.pdf|url-status=live}}

Stanley Leslie Menezes

|31 May 1978

|The Grenadiers

|{{cite web|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-05-19_074.pdf|title=PIB|date=1978-05-19|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=12 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912054933/https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1978-APR-AUG-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-PART-2/PDF/DEF-1978-05-19_074.pdf|url-status=live}}

Arun Shridhar Vaidya

|1 July 1980

|9th Deccan Horse

|{{cite web |title=GENERAL VAIDYA APPOINTED CORPS COMMANDER |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1980-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1980-07-01_002.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in |date=1 July 1980 |access-date=12 July 2021 |archive-date=12 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912054939/https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1980-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1980-07-01_002.pdf |url-status=live }}

N S Narahari

|1986

|Bombay Sappers

|{{cite web|url=https://stratnewsglobal.com/china/sumdorong-chu-episode-when-india-dared-china/|title=Sumdorong Chu Episode: When India Dared China|date=2020-10-11|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=30 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730200206/https://stratnewsglobal.com/china/sumdorong-chu-episode-when-india-dared-china/|url-status=live}}

Ajai Singh

|1990

|1992

|17th Horse (Poona Horse)

|{{cite web|url=http://assamassembly.gov.in/biodata-governor-ajai-singh.html|title=Governor of Assam (2003 - 2008)|date=|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=20 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020132203/http://assamassembly.gov.in/biodata-governor-ajai-singh.html|url-status=live}}

NK Kapur

|1994

|Rajput Regiment

Baldev Singh

|1995

|4th Gorkha Rifles

Nirmal Chander Vij

|1997

|Dogra Regiment

R K Sawhney

|31 December 1997

|Jammu and Kashmir Rifles

|{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/oct/10assam1.htm|title=ULFA has accumulated around Rs 15 billion so far|date=|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=12 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912054940/https://www.rediff.com/news/oct/10assam1.htm|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1997-JULY-DEC-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1997-12-31_225.pdf|title=Lt Gen RK Sawhney takes over as Director General Military Intelligence|date=1997-12-31|access-date=2023-04-07}}

D B Shekatkar

|1999

|2000

|Maratha Light Infantry

{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/indo-bhutan-joint-raids-likely/cid/926357|title=INDO-BHUTAN JOINT RAIDS LIKELY|date=1999-04-10|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713124740/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/indo-bhutan-joint-raids-likely/cid/926357|url-status=live}}

Mahesh Vij

|June 2000

|Mechanised Infantry Regiment

|{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/2000/jun/07army.htm|title=Govt finally approves army promotions|date=2000-06-07|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713124740/https://www.rediff.com/news/2000/jun/07army.htm|url-status=live}}

Mohinder Singh

|February 2004

|Punjab Regiment

|{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/home/lt-gen-mohinder-singh-assumes-charge-as-adjutant-general_144695.html|title=Lt Gen Mohinder Singh assumes charge as Adjutant General|date=2004-02-03|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=12 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712165030/https://zeenews.india.com/home/lt-gen-mohinder-singh-assumes-charge-as-adjutant-general_144695.html|url-status=live}}

Anup Singh Jamwal

|February 2004

|March 2005

|Regiment of Artillery

|{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/lt-gen-anup-singh-jamwal-takes-over-as-adjutant-general_252757.html|title=Lt Gen Anup Singh Jamwal takes over as Adjutant General|date=2005-10-31|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=12 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712165030/https://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/lt-gen-anup-singh-jamwal-takes-over-as-adjutant-general_252757.html|url-status=live}}

Hardev Singh Lidder

|March 2005

|March 2006

|Parachute Regiment

|{{cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/2006/03/02/lt-gen-hs-lidder-new-cids-1141380703.htm|title=Lt Gen HS Lidder new CIDS|date=2006-03-03|access-date=2021-07-13}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

Ranbir K Chhabra

|March 2006

|August 2007

|4th Gorkha Rifles

B S Jaswal

|August 2007

|Jammu and Kashmir Rifles

|{{cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/2007/08/02/lt-gen-jaiswal-new-goc-of-4-corps-1186070603.html|title=Lt Gen Jaiswal new GOC of 4 Corps|date=2007-08-02|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713124739/https://www.oneindia.com/2007/08/02/lt-gen-jaiswal-new-goc-of-4-corps-1186070603.html|url-status=live}}

Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik

|2009

|2010

|Rajputana Rifles

|{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20090625/nation.htm|title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Nation|website=www.tribuneindia.com|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=13 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313204152/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20090625/nation.htm|url-status=live}}

Gyan Bhushan

|March 2010

|29 June 2011

|Mahar Regiment

|{{cite web|url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2010/mar01-10/h17.htm|title=17|website=sainiksamachar.nic.in|access-date=2017-12-29}}

Shakti Gurung

|30 June 2011

|15 August 2012

|The Grenadiers

|{{cite web|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jul0111%2Fcity07|title=The Assam Tribune Online|last=Trade|first=TI|website=www.assamtribune.com|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=30 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230114457/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jul0111%2Fcity07|url-status=live}}

Changali Ananda Krishnan

|16 August 2012

|19 August 2013

|4th Gorkha Rifles

|{{Cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/lt-gen-krishnan-takes-charge-at-gajraj-corps-420315.html|title=Lt Gen Krishnan takes charge at Gajraj Corps|date=2012-08-16|work=Firstpost|access-date=2017-12-29|language=en-US|archive-date=30 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230000537/http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/lt-gen-krishnan-takes-charge-at-gajraj-corps-420315.html|url-status=live}}

Anil Kumar Ahuja

|20 August 2013

|27 October 2014

|Regiment of Artillery

|{{Cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lt-gen-ahuja-takes-over-as-goc-gajraj-corps-113082000584_1.html|title=Lt Gen Ahuja takes over as GOC Gajraj Corps|agency=Press Trust of India|date=2013-08-20|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229232026/http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lt-gen-ahuja-takes-over-as-goc-gajraj-corps-113082000584_1.html|url-status=live}}

Sarath Chand

|28 October 2014

|16 November 2015

|Garhwal Rifles

|{{Cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lt-gen-sarath-chand-takes-over-command-of-gajraj-4-corps-114102801063_1.html|title=Lt Gen Sarath Chand takes over command of Gajraj 4 Corps|agency=Press Trust of India|date=2014-10-28|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229232041/http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lt-gen-sarath-chand-takes-over-command-of-gajraj-4-corps-114102801063_1.html|url-status=live}}

Devraj Anbu

|17 November 2015

|24 December 2016

|Sikh Light Infantry

|{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/lt-gen-devraj-anbu-takes-charge-as-new-goc-of-4-corps/articleshow/49820180.cms|title=Lt Gen Devraj Anbu takes charge as new GOC of 4 corps|date=2015-11-17|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229233408/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/lt-gen-devraj-anbu-takes-charge-as-new-goc-of-4-corps/articleshow/49820180.cms|url-status=live}}

Amarjeet Singh Bedi

|25 November 2016

|28 December 2017

|Garhwal Rifles

|{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/lt-gen-amarjeet-singh-bedi-takes-over-as-goc-gajraj-corps/1/819699.html|title=Lt Gen Amarjeet Singh Bedi takes over as GOC, Gajraj Corps|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=12 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112175956/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/lt-gen-amarjeet-singh-bedi-takes-over-as-goc-gajraj-corps/1/819699.html|url-status=live}}

Gurpal Singh Sangha

|29 December 2017

|30 December 2018

|The Grenadiers

|{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/lt-gen-gurpal-singh-sangha-is-the-new-general-officer-commanding-bengal-area-4670080/|title=Lt Gen Gurpal Singh Sangha is the new General Officer Commanding, Bengal Area|date=2017-05-23|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2017-12-29|language=en-US|archive-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229231535/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/lt-gen-gurpal-singh-sangha-is-the-new-general-officer-commanding-bengal-area-4670080/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/lt-gen-gurpal-singh-sangha-takes-over-as-goc-of-gajraj-corps/1219639|title=Lt Gen Gurpal Singh Sangha takes over as GOC of Gajraj Corps|work=outlookindia.com/|access-date=2017-12-29|archive-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229231826/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/lt-gen-gurpal-singh-sangha-takes-over-as-goc-of-gajraj-corps/1219639|url-status=live}}

Manoj Pande

| 30 December 2018

|May 2019

|Bombay Sappers

|{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lt-gen-manoj-pande-takes-charge-of-gajraj-corps-118123000518_1.html|title=Lt Gen Manoj Pande takes charge of Gajraj Corps|agency=Press Trust of India|date=2018-12-30|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2019-01-11|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402204742/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lt-gen-manoj-pande-takes-charge-of-gajraj-corps-118123000518_1.html|url-status=live}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.uniindia.com/lt-gen-manoj-pande-takes-over-as-new-chief-of-southern-command-pune/other/news/976506.html |title=Lt Gen Manoj Pande takes over as new chief of Southern Command Pune |access-date=2 April 2019 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402193231/http://www.uniindia.com/lt-gen-manoj-pande-takes-over-as-new-chief-of-southern-command-pune/other/news/976506.html |url-status=live }}

Santanu Dayal

|May 2019

|26 January 2021

|Garhwal Rifles

|{{cite web|url=https://www.eastmojo.com/news/2020/10/04/assam-gajraj-corps-celebrates-its-58th-raising-day-at-tezpur/|title=Assam: Gajraj Corps celebrates its 58th Raising Day at Tezpur|date=2020-10-04|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713124738/https://www.eastmojo.com/news/2020/10/04/assam-gajraj-corps-celebrates-its-58th-raising-day-at-tezpur/|url-status=live}}

Ravin Khosla

|26 January 2021

|21 March 2022

|5th Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)

|{{cite web|url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/assam-lt-gen-ravin-khosla-takes-over-command-of-gajraj-corps.html|title=Assam: Lt Gen Ravin Khosla takes over command of Gajraj Corps|date=2021-01-21|access-date=2021-07-12|archive-date=26 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126121340/https://nenow.in/north-east-news/assam/assam-lt-gen-ravin-khosla-takes-over-command-of-gajraj-corps.html|url-status=live}}

Dinesh Singh Rana

| 21 March 2022

|28 March 2023

|Garhwal Rifles

|{{cite web|last1=Rana|first1=Dinesh SIngh|url=https://www.time8.in/assam-lt-gen-dinesh-singh-rana-takes-over-command-of-gajraj-corps/|title=Assam: Lt Gen Dinesh Singh Rana takes over command of Gajraj Corps|date=2022-03-21|access-date=2022-03-22|archive-date=29 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329042526/https://www.time8.in/assam-lt-gen-dinesh-singh-rana-takes-over-command-of-gajraj-corps/|url-status=live}}

Manish Erry

| 28 March 2023

|31 July 2024

|Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry

|{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-lt-gen-manish-erry-assumes-command-of-gajraj-corps-535168-2023-03-31|title=Assam: Lt Gen Manish Erry assumes command of Gajraj Corps|date=2023-03-31|access-date=2023-04-01}}

Gambhir Singh

|1 August 2024

|Incumbent

|Garhwal Rifles

|{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen Gambhir Singh takes over as GOC IV Corps - ADGPI Twitter |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1818974871319421190?t=9iRz_raMnJUXYlfWo5ylSQ&s=19|access-date=2024-08-01 |website=X (formerly twitter)|language=en}}

Notes

References

John H. Gill, An Atlas of the 1971 India - Pakistan War: The Creation of Bangladesh, Near East South Asia Centre for Strategic Studies (National Defense University), via scribd.com