Ibb
{{Other uses|IBB (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ibb
| other_name =
| native_name = {{lang|ar|إِبّ}}
| native_name_lang = ar
| nickname =
| settlement_type = City
| motto =
| image_skyline = Ibb,Yemen.jpg
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| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Yemen
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Yemen
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Yemen}}
| subdivision_type1 = Governorate
| subdivision_name1 = Ibb Governorate
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Ibb
| subdivision_type3 =
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| unit_pref = Imperial
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| population_as_of = 2005
| population_footnotes = {{cite web | url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/ibb-population | title=Ibb Population 2024 }}
| population_note =
| population_total = 221,472 {{increase}}
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| population_metro =
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| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
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| timezone = Yemen Standard Time
| utc_offset = +3
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| coordinates = {{coord|13|58|N|44|10|E|region:YE|display=inline,title}}
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| footnotes =
| population_est = 771514 {{increase}}
| pop_est_as_of = 2023
| pop_est_footnotes = {{cite web | url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/ibb-population | title=Ibb Population 2024 }}
}}
Ibb ({{langx|ar|إِبّ|ʾIbb}}) is a city in Yemen, the capital of Ibb Governorate, located about {{convert|117|km|0|abbr=on}} northeast of Mocha and {{convert|194|km|0|abbr=on}} south of Sana'a.{{cite book|last1=Carter|first1=Terry|last2=Dunston|first2=Lara|title=Oman, UAE & Arabian Peninsula|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nDsjyU2Re6AC&pg=PA484|year=2007|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74104-546-8|page=484}} A market town and administrative centre developed during the Ottoman Empire, it is one of the most important medium-sized cities in the country.{{cite book|last=Wald|first=Peter|title=Yemen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IxEuAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Pallas Athene|isbn=978-1-873429-11-2|page=179}} It is situated on a mountain ridge, surrounded by fertile land. As of 2023, it has an estimated population of 771,500 residents. Other names for Ibb, is "The Land of Green"{{citation needed|date=August 2023}}
History
File:Ibb, Yemen (4325126410).jpg
Ibb has been occupied since ancient times, and due to its strategic importance, the Ottomans used it as an administrative center. It thrived as a market town and the Ottomans established the Wednesday market in Ibb.{{cite book|last=Blumi|first=Isa|title=Chaos in Yemen: Societal Collapse and the New Authoritarianism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C2a6eVpf_wIC&pg=PA87|date=30 July 2010|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-203-84742-8|page=87}} Ibb was governed by a semi-autonomous emir until 1944, when the emirate was abolished. At times in its history many people have migrated to Ibb from areas of Yemen experiencing drought, to find work in farming.{{cite book|last=Burrowes|first=Robert D.|title=Historical Dictionary of Yemen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tjXRfqBv_0UC&pg=PA169|year=2010|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-8108-5528-1|page=169}} In the mid-1950s there was reportedly an outbreak of smallpox in the city.{{cite book|last=El-Khalidi|first=Hatem|title=Sojourn in a Dreadful Land (Yemen Chronicles)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YGjMQp2OQAgC&pg=PA13|date=September 2011|publisher=Dorrance Publishing|isbn=978-1-4349-1197-1|page=13}}
German explorer Hermann Burchardt photographed the city in 1901; these photos are now held at the Ethnological Museum of Berlin.[http://www.smb-digital.de/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=626078&bt=europeanaapi Ibb, by Hermann Burchardt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924103222/http://www.smb-digital.de/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=626078&bt=europeanaapi |date=2015-09-24 }} (Click on photo to enlarge); [http://www.smb-digital.de/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=626079&bt=europeanaapi Whitewashed houses] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924103225/http://www.smb-digital.de/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=626079&bt=europeanaapi |date=2015-09-24 }}.
Climate
Ibb is located at an altitude of {{convert|2050|m|ft}} on a spur of Mount Shamāḥī.{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/280558/Ibb|title=Ibb|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=22 November 2013}} Due to its high altitude, Ibb has a dry-winter humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cwa), and is one of the wettest areas of Yemen, typically receiving around 500 mm of rain per annum.
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location = Ibb ({{convert|1950|m|mile|abbr=on}})
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 21.0
|Feb high C = 21.1
|Mar high C = 23.6
|Apr high C = 25.5
|May high C = 27.8
|Jun high C = 30.1
|Jul high C = 29.7
|Aug high C = 27.9
|Sep high C = 25.7
|Oct high C = 23.1
|Nov high C = 21.0
|Dec high C = 20.8
| Jan mean C = 14.5
| Feb mean C = 15.2
| Mar mean C = 17.0
| Apr mean C = 19.1
| May mean C = 21.7
| Jun mean C = 23.5
| Jul mean C = 24.3
| Aug mean C = 23.2
| Sep mean C = 20.6
| Oct mean C = 17.1
| Nov mean C = 14.9
| Dec mean C = 14.5
|Jan low C = 7.9
|Feb low C = 9.3
|Mar low C = 10.4
|Apr low C = 12.7
|May low C = 15.5
|Jun low C = 16.9
|Jul low C = 18.8
|Aug low C = 18.4
|Sep low C = 15.5
|Oct low C = 11.1
|Nov low C = 8.7
|Dec low C = 8.1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 5.8
|Feb precipitation mm = 4.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 12.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 16.0
|May precipitation mm = 10.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 48.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 150.0
|Aug precipitation mm = 144.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 74.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 32.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 14.1
|Dec precipitation mm = 5.3
|source 1 = National Weather Service
|date=August 2010
}}
Notable landmarks
The city is noted for its towering stone houses, with geometrical friezes and circular stained glass windows known as qamiriya. The main mosque was built during the Ottoman period, and there are other mosques and also a fortress in the vicinity, closed to visitors. An ancient overhead aqueduct still remains.{{cite book|last=Ingrams|first=William Harold|title=The Yemen: Imams, rulers & revolutions|url=https://archive.org/details/yemenimamsrulers00ingr|url-access=registration|year=1964|publisher=Praeger|page=[https://archive.org/details/yemenimamsrulers00ingr/page/31 31]}} Ibb University was established in 1996. The main football team is Al Sha'ab Ibb.
Notable people
- Owais al-Qarani, Muslim saint
- Abdul Rahman al-Iryani, former President of Yemen
- Abdul Karim al-Iryani, former Prime Minister of Yemen
- Abdul Aziz Al-Maqaleh, poet and writer
- Abdul Majeed al-Zindani, founder and head of Iman University
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{commonscat-inline}}
{{Yemeni cities}}
{{Authority control}}