Ibunda

The ethnic Javanese family headed by Rakhim (Tuti Indra Malaon) is living in Jakarta and trying to make a living. Rakhim, a widow, is raising her youngest daughter, Fitri (Ria Irawan) with the help of her second child. Her eldest, Farida (Niniek L. Karim), has married the nouveau riche Gatot (Galeb Husin). Meanwhile, the third child, Zulfikar (Alex Komang), has become an actor.

Two issues arise at roughly the same time. Zulfikar has left his wife (Ayu Azhari) and young child for a cougar with whom he is sleeping to further his career. Meanwhile, Farida berates Fitri for her choice of boyfriend; her boyfriend, Luke, is Papuan, and Farida fears that their family's bloodline will be tainted. In response, Fitri runs away from home.

Zulfikar is filming a movie about a family torn apart by war, is visited by his mother, who tells him that his absence is tearing his family apart. Driven to guilt through his experience with the film, Zulfikar breaks off his relationship with his sponsor, leaving her in tears, and returns to his wife. Meanwhile, Rakhim tells Farida and Gatot that any family is mixed, due to bringing in people from outside the family, and that ethnicity does not matter. Fitri returns home after hiding at her sister-in-law's house. The entire family – including Luke – gathers for breakfast and a photograph.

Ibunda was funded by the Subentra Group, headed by Sudwikatmono. According to Sudwikatmono, the group funded the production of five films simultaneously, each directed by different people. Teguh Karya was selected to direct Ibunda, which he had also written, while the other four were handled by young directors.{{sfn|Chudori and Surawijaya 1991, Saya Selalu Dikambinghitamkan}} The film was produced by Satrya Perkasa Esthetika Film and Suptan Film.{{sfn|Said 1986, Ibu yang Wajar}}

Niniek L. Karim, who was cast as Farida, had a background in theatre. She reported that she did not receive any special coaching for the film, as she knew what Karya expected.{{sfn|Said 1986, Sebuah Festival yang Mudah}}

Salim Said, writing for Tempo magazine, wrote that Ibunda was presented evenly and with realistic dialogue, as opposed to the more bombastic stories common at the time, which often featured dialogue which "could only be found in works of propaganda".{{efn|name=A}}{{sfn|Said 1986, Ibu yang Wajar}} Ibunda showed a film within a film, which Said wrote harkened back to the 1981 film The French Lieutenant's Woman.{{sfn|Said 1986, Ibu yang Wajar}} The depictions of the characters are in accordance with the mannerisms of the Javanese middle class, without mixing Western acting styles.{{sfn|Monash 2007, Ibunda}}

Said noted the portrayal of a happy family in Ibunda was striking, especially considering Karya's films generally showed that family meant disaster.{{sfn|Said 1986, Ibu yang Wajar}} A write-up by Monash University notes that another theme is racial prejudice, as shown by the discrimination against Luke because of his ethnicity.{{sfn|Monash 2007, Ibunda}}

Ibunda was released in 1986. It did not turn a profit, a situation the Subentra Group blamed on imported Hollywood films being more popular. Sudwikatmono described Ibunda as the best of the five films they had funded at the time.{{sfn|Chudori and Surawijaya 1991, Saya Selalu Dikambinghitamkan}} In his review, Said wrote that, although the film within a film and scenes with were illogical, it may not be too much to call Ibunda "Teguh Karya's best work yet."{{efn|name=B}}{{sfn|Said 1986, Ibu yang Wajar}}

Ibunda received nine Citra Awards at the 1986 Indonesian Film Festival, out of 13 total categories, winning Best Film, Best Director, Best Actress (Niniek L. Karim), Best Supporting Actress, Best Music, Best Sound Editing, Best Editing, Best Cinematography, and Best Original Screenplay.{{sfn|Said 1986, Sebuah Festival yang Mudah}} This was a new record at the festival, surpassing Wim Umboh's 1972 film Perkawinan (Marriage), which won eight.{{sfn|Ardan 2005, Intan 'Si Doel'}} At the 1987 Asia-Pacific Film Festival in Taipei, the film won a special award for intercultural exchange.{{sfn|Tempo 1987, Penghargaan Artis Terbaik}}

Ibunda has been licensed internationally to Between Three Worlds Video; the company has released the film on VHS, with English subtitles by the Australian company SBS Television.{{sfn|Monash 2007, Ibunda}}

{{notes

| notes =

{{efn

| name = A

| Original: "... yang hanya mungkin ditemukan dalam sandiwara propaganda, ..."

}}

{{efn

| name = B

| Original: "... tidak berlebihan untuk menyebut Ibunda karya terbaik Teguh hingga saat ini."

}}

}}

;Footnotes

{{Reflist}}

;Bibliography

{{Refbegin|colwidth=30em}}

• {{cite news

|last=Ardan

|first=S. M.

|title=Intan 'Si Doel' yang Modern

|trans-title=The Jewel of the Modern 'Si Doel'

|language=Indonesian

|url=http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2005/07/04/LYR/mbm.20050704.LYR115831.id.html

|date=4 July 2005

|work=Tempo

|archive-date=31 March 2012

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331221316/http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2005/07/04/LYR/mbm.20050704.LYR115831.id.html

|access-date=23 April 2012

|ref={{sfnRef|Ardan 2005, Intan 'Si Doel'}}

|url-status=dead

}}

• {{cite news

|last1=Chudori

|first1=Leila S.

|author-link1=Leila Chudori

|last2=Surawijaya

|first2=Bunga

|title=Saya Selalu Dikambinghitamkan

|trans-title=I am Always Scapegoated

|language=Indonesian

|url=http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1991/07/13/LK/mbm.19910713.LK11920.id.html

|date=13 July 1991

|work=Tempo

|archive-date=3 March 2016

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231302/http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1991/07/13/LK/mbm.19910713.LK11920.id.html

|access-date=23 April 2012

|ref={{sfnRef|Chudori and Surawijaya 1991, Saya Selalu Dikambinghitamkan}}

|url-status=dead

}}

• {{cite web

|title=Ibunda – Mother

|url=http://arts.monash.edu.au/mai/films/ibunda.php

|date=3 August 2007

|publisher=Monash University

|archive-date=23 March 2012

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323154112/http://arts.monash.edu.au/mai/films/ibunda.php

|access-date=23 April 2012

|ref={{sfnRef|Monash 2007, Ibunda}}

|url-status=dead

}}

• {{cite news

|title=Penghargaan Artis Terbaik

|trans-title=Award for Best Actor

|language=Indonesian

|url=http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1987/11/07/ALB/mbm.19871107.ALB32723.id.html

|date=7 November 1987

|work=Tempo

|archive-date=30 December 2011

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111230004119/http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1987/11/07/ALB/mbm.19871107.ALB32723.id.html

|access-date=23 April 2012

|ref={{sfnRef|Tempo 1987, Penghargaan Artis Terbaik}}

|url-status=dead

}}

• {{cite news

|last=Said

|first=Salim

|title=Ibu yang Wajar, Keluarga yang Wajar

|trans-title=A Normal Mother, a Normal Family

|language=Indonesian

|url=http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1986/07/19/FL/mbm.19860719.FL33694.id.html

|date=19 July 1986

|work=Tempo

|archive-date=3 March 2016

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232248/http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1986/07/19/FL/mbm.19860719.FL33694.id.html

|access-date=23 April 2012

|ref={{sfnRef|Said 1986, Ibu yang Wajar}}

|url-status=dead

}}

• {{cite news

|last=Said

|first=Salim

|title=Sebuah Festival yang Mudah Ditebak

|trans-title=A Festival That's Easy to Guess

|language=Indonesian

|url=http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1986/08/09/FL/mbm.19860809.FL33736.id.html

|date=9 August 1986

|work=Tempo

|archive-date=4 March 2016

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060148/http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/1986/08/09/FL/mbm.19860809.FL33736.id.html

|access-date=23 April 2012

|ref={{sfnRef|Said 1986, Sebuah Festival yang Mudah}}

|url-status=dead

}}

{{Refend}}

• {{IMDb title|0299605|Ibunda}}

{{Teguh Karya}}

{{Citra Award for Best Picture}}

Category:Films set in Indonesia

Category:Films directed by Teguh Karya

Category:1986 drama films

Category:1986 films

Category:Citra Award winners

Category:Indonesian drama films

Category:Best Film Citra Award winners