Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

The first official proposal to establish a medical school at Mount Sinai was made to the hospital's trustees in January 1958. The school contemplated a new kind of medical institution encompassing a medical school supported by a teaching hospital. It would include an undergraduate school representing allied health fields, a graduate school of biological sciences, and a graduate school of physical sciences.{{Cite web |title=ISMMS Med Ed App - History of Mount Sinai |url=https://medinfo.mssm.edu/orient_history |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=medinfo.mssm.edu}}

This philosophy was defined by Hans Popper, Horace Hodes, Alexander Gutman, Paul Klemperer, George Baehr, Gustave L. Levy, and Alfred Stern, among others.[http://icahn.mssm.edu/about-us/quick-facts "Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai – History"]. Retrieved July 15, 2008. Milton Steinbach was the school's first president.{{cite news | last = Ramirez |first = Anthony | date = December 2, 1999 | title = Financier Gives $75 Million to Mt. Sinai Medical School | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/02/nyregion/financier-gives-75-million-to-mt-sinai-medical-school.html | newspaper = The New York Times | access-date = November 4, 2022}} {{subscription required | date = November 2022}}

Classes at Mount Sinai School of Medicine began in 1968, and the school soon became known as one of the leading medical schools in the U.S., as the hospital gained recognition for its laboratories, advances in patient care and the discovery of diseases.{{cite web | url = http://www.mountsinai.org/about-us/who-we-are/firsts | title=Mount Sinai Firsts }} The City University of New York granted Mount Sinai's degrees.

The school expanded programs and added a range of dedicated departments in the subsequent decades. The Edith J. Baerwald Professor of Community Medicine and Social Work (1969);{{Cite book |last=Rehr |first=Helen |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm60776623 |title=The social work-medicine relationship: 100 years at Mount Sinai |last2=Rosenberg |first2=Gary |date=2006 |publisher=Haworth Press |isbn=978-0-7890-3076-4 |series=Haworth social work in health care |location=New York |oclc=ocm60776623}} the first Department of Neoplastic Diseases in an American medical school (1973);{{Cite web |title=James F. Holland, MD |url=https://www.aacr.org/professionals/membership/aacr-academy/fellows/james-f-holland-md/#:~:text=In%20the%20early%201970s,%20Holland,Mount%20Sinai%20in%20New%20York |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) |language=en}} and the first Department of Geriatrics and Adult Development (1982).{{Cite web |title=The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York. |url=https://vivo.weill.cornell.edu/display/pubid10288592 |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=vivo.weill.cornell.edu}}

In the 1990s, it created the Cultural Diversity in Medicine Program focused on healthcare availability to diverse patient populations.{{Cite web |title=Dr. Carol Burnett: Changing the Face of Medicine {{!}} Albert Einstein College of Medicine {{!}} Montefiore Einstein |url=https://einsteinmed.edu/es/features/stories/986/dr-carol-burnett--changing-the-face-of-medicine |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=einsteinmed.edu}} It was the second institution in the New York Metropolitan area to create an Academic Department of Emergency Medicine (1994),{{Cite web |title=Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai |url=https://www.idealist.org/en/nonprofit/d981c447a57f4412a59fc39debcc214b-icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai-new-york |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=www.idealist.org |language=en}} it started the Institute for Gene Therapy and Molecular Medicine (1996),{{Cite web |title=Icahn Genomics Institute {{!}} Icahn School of Medicine |url=https://icahn.mssm.edu/research/genomics-institute |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai |language=en-US}} and an Office of Multi-cultural and Community Affairs to add diversity to the demographic composition of the school (1998). In collaboration with the Pew Charitable Trust, the Center for Children's Health and the Environment was formed to examine links between childhood illnesses and toxic pollutants (1999).{{Cite web |last=Check |first=N. Y. S. |date=2019-01-13 |title=New York City Children's Environmental Health Center |url=https://nyscheck.org/icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai/ |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=NYSCHECK |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=US EPA |first=OA |date=2013-09-19 |title=Resources for Healthcare Providers about Children's Environmental Health |url=https://www.epa.gov/children/resources-healthcare-providers-about-childrens-environmental-health |access-date=2024-09-18 |website=www.epa.gov |language=en}}

Mount Sinai's degrees were granted by City University of New York before 1999, when Mount Sinai changed university affiliations from City University to New York University but without merging its operations with the New York University School of Medicine. This affiliation change took place as part of the merger in 1998 of Mount Sinai and NYU medical centers to create the Mount Sinai–NYU Medical Center and Health System.{{Cite news |last=Fein |first=Esther B. |date=1998-07-18 |title=Mount Sinai And N.Y.U. Merge to Form Health System |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/18/nyregion/mount-sinai-and-nyu-merge-to-form-health-system.html |access-date=2024-06-17 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}} In 2003, the partnership between the two dissolved.{{Cite web |author=Staff Writer |title=For Hospitals Seeking Split, Debt Is Glue |url=https://www.gainesville.com/story/news/2003/07/04/for-hospitals-seeking-split-debt-is-glue/31639569007/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Gainesville Sun |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Dillon |first=Nancy |date=2003-06-26 |title=NYU AND MT. SINAI STILL PULLING APART |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2003/06/26/nyu-and-mt-sinai-still-pulling-apart/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=New York Daily News |language=en-US}}

In 2007, Mount Sinai Medical Center's boards of trustees approved the termination of the academic affiliation between Mount Sinai and NYU and it was officially terminated in 2008.{{Cite journal |last=Kastor |first=John A. |date=December 2010 |title=Failure of the merger of the Mount Sinai and New York University hospitals and medical schools: part 2 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20856095/#:~:text=The%20hospital%20merger%20came%20into,the%20merger%20was%20officially%20terminated. |journal=Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges |volume=85 |issue=12 |pages=1828–1832 |doi=10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f65019 |issn=1938-808X |pmid=20856095}} In 2010, Mount Sinai was accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and became an independent degree-granting institution.

On November 14, 2012, it was announced that Mount Sinai School of Medicine would be renamed Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, following a US$200 million gift from New York businessman and philanthropist Carl Icahn.{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/15/nyregion/with-gift-mt-sinai-medical-school-to-be-renamed-for-carl-icahn.html | work = The New York Times | first = Anemona | last = Hartocollis | title = With $200 Million Gift, Mt. Sinai Medical School to Be Renamed for Carl Icahn | date = November 14, 2012 | access-date = November 4, 2022}} {{subscription required | date = November 2022}}{{Cite web |last=Candid |title=Icahn Pledges Additional $150 Million to Mount Sinai School of Medicine |url=https://philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/icahn-pledges-additional-150-million-to-mount-sinai-school-of-medicine |access-date=2024-06-17 |website=Philanthropy News Digest (PND) |language=en}}

The 18-story Icahn Institute provides 350,000 sf of laboratory, treatment, and education space for the School of Medicine.{{Cite web |title=Mount Sinai School of Medicine Icahn Medical Institute |url=https://www.davisbrodybond.com/mount-sinai-school-of-medicine-icahn-medical-institute |access-date=2024-07-08 |website=Davis Brody Bond |language=en-US}} The campus is located on Manhattan’s Upper East Side, between Fifth and Madison Avenues, stretching from East 98th Street to East 102nd Street.

In 2015, Mount Sinai announced partnerships with The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia as well as National Jewish Health, the nation's leading institutes for pediatric and pulmonary care respectively, leading to the creation of the Mount Sinai Children’s Heart Center{{cite web | url = https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2017/childrens-hospital-of-philadelphia-and-mount-sinai-health-system-mark-milestone-in-fetal-medicine-and-childrens-heart-program | title = Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Mount Sinai Health System Mark Milestone in Fetal Medicine and Children's Heart Programs | Mount Sinai – New York }} and the Mount Sinai – National Jewish Health Respiratory Institute.{{cite web | url=https://www.mountsinai.org/locations/respiratory-institute | title=Mount Sinai – National Jewish Health Respiratory Institute | Mount Sinai – New York }}

The first diagnosed COVID-19 case in New York City was by Mount Sinai emergency department's Dr. Angela Chen.{{Cite web |last1=Hajek |first1=Danny |last2=Detrow |first2=Scott |last3=Whelan |first3=Catherine |date=March 11, 2021 |title=ER Doctor Who Diagnosed First Confirmed NYC COVID-19 Case Reflects 1 Year Later |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/03/11/975759861/er-doctor-who-diagnosed-first-confirmed-nyc-covid-19-case-reflects-1-year-later |access-date=June 24, 2024 |website=NPR}}

In March 2020, Elmhurst Hospital Center, the public hospital that serves as a major training site for Mount Sinai students and residents, was the epicenter of New York City's initial COVID-19 surge, with Mount Sinai house staff and faculty serving as the city's first front-line workers treating patients infected with coronavirus.{{cite magazine | author = Galchen, Rivka | url = https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/04/27/a-new-doctor-faces-the-coronavirus-in-queens | title = A New Doctor Faces the Coronavirus in Queens | magazine = The New Yorker | date = April 18, 2020 | access-date = November 4, 2022}} Mount Sinai has since established itself at the forefront of research to understand and treat COVID-19, being named a lead site in a $470 million study to examine the long-term effects of COVID-19.{{cite web | url=https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2021/mount-sinai-named-a-lead-site-for-enrollment-in-nationwide-study-on-the-long-term-effects-of-covid-19 | title = Mount Sinai Named a Lead Site for Enrollment in Nationwide Study on the Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 | Mount Sinai – New York }}

In April 2019, the Icahn School was named in a lawsuit filed against Mount Sinai Health System and several employees of the Icahn School's Arnhold Institute for Global Health."Global health institute sued for age and sex discrimination," Science, 2 May 2019; https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/05/global-health-institute-sued-age-and-sex-discrimination The suit was filed by eight current and former employees for "age and sex discrimination as well as improper reporting to funding agencies, misallocation of funds, failing to obtain Institutional Review Board approval prior to conducting research in violation of Mount Sinai and federal guidelines, and failing properly to adhere to the guidelines of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act or HIPAA."Atkinson et al v. Mount Sinai Health System, Inc. et al (1:19-cv-03779), https://www.sciencemag.org/sites/default/files/Mount%2BSinai%2BComplaint.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505200844/https://www.sciencemag.org/sites/default/files/Mount%2BSinai%2BComplaint.pdf |date=May 5, 2019 }} The school denies the claims. More than 150 students at the Icahn School and more than 400 Icahn and Mount Sinai Health System faculty have signed letters, addressed to the Board of Trustees, calling on the system to investigate these allegations.{{Cite web |last=Deffenbaugh |first=Ryan |date=7 May 2019 |title=150 Mount Sinai med students call for action after gender- and age-discrimination lawsuit |url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/health-care/150-mount-sinai-med-students-call-action-after-gender-and-age-discrimination-lawsuit |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=Crain's New York}}{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@notmysinai/timesupmountsinai-8dbce1bc9b7f|title=#TimesUpMountSinai|last=Strong|first=Sinai|date=2019-05-16|website=Medium|access-date=2019-05-22}}

File:Icahn Medical Institute Mt. Sinai School of Medicine.jpg.]]

Mount Sinai's medical curriculum is based on the standard program of medical education in the United States: the first two years of study are confined to the medical sciences, the latter to the study of clinical sciences. The first and second years are strictly pass/fail; the third and fourth years feature clinical rotations at Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan) and Elmhurst Hospital Center,{{cite web | url = https://www.mountsinai.org/locations | title=Our Locations | Mount Sinai – New York }} a major level 1 trauma center and safety-net hospital known for being situated in the "most ethnically diverse community in the world," serving an area of one million people with recent immigrants encompassing 112 different countries.{{cite web | url=https://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/elmhurst/facts/ | title=Facts }} Other clerkship and residency training sites include the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Mount Sinai Hospital of Queens, James J. Peters VA Medical Center in the Bronx, Mount Sinai West, Mount Sinai Morningside, and Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital.

{{cite web | url=https://icahn.mssm.edu/about/affiliates | title=Academic Affiliates and Partnerships | Icahn School of Medicine }}

Mount Sinai's faculty as of 2022 includes 23 elected members of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine{{Cite web |title=National Academy of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences |url=https://icahn.mssm.edu/education/pioneering/people/faculty-elected-national-academy-medicine-sciences |access-date=2022-06-26 |website=icahn.mssm.edu |archive-date=July 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220729223611/https://icahn.mssm.edu/education/pioneering/people/faculty-elected-national-academy-medicine-sciences |url-status=dead }} and 40 members of the American Society for Clinical Investigation.{{Cite web |title=The American Society for Clinical Investigation |url=https://the-asci.org/controllers/asci/AsciSearchController.php?action=form}}

In the 2023-2024 term, the MD program matriculated 120 students from 8,514 applicants.{{cite web |title=U.S. MD-Granting Medical School Applications and Matriculants by School, State of Legal Residence, and Gender, 2022-2023 |url=https://www.aamc.org/download/321442/data/factstablea1.pdf |access-date=6 September 2023 |website=aamc.org}} The median undergraduate GPA of matriculants was reportedly 3.84, and the median Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) score at that time was in 95th percentile, but those admitted through the early-admissions program do not take the MCAT.{{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}

The Medical Scientist Training Program is currently{{When|date=May 2024}} training over 90 MD/PhD students. As one of the most selective medical schools in the U.S., Mount Sinai received 8,276 applications for approximately 140 MD and MD/PhD positions for the 2021–2022 academic year.

Applicants are required to have a bachelor's degree, a competitive MCAT score, and coursework including biology, physics, English and chemistry. A cumulative GPA above is 3.5 is reportedly required.{{Cite web |title=Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (New York, NY) |url=https://medicmind.us/medical-schools/icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai-new-york-ny/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=Medic Mind US |language=en-US}} Individual educational programs are accredited through the appropriate bodies, including but not limited to LCME, CEPH, ACCME and ACGME.

College freshmen or sophomores can approach admissions through the FlexMed Program allowing them to apply for early acceptance regardless of prior majors.{{Cite web |last=Shemmassian |first=Dr |date=2024-05-07 |title=How to Get Into the Icahn School of Medicine: Requirements and Strategies |url=https://www.shemmassianconsulting.com/blog/icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=Shemmassian Academic Consulting |language=en-US}}{{Cite journal |last=Muller |first=David |date=2014-08-01 |title=FlexMed: A Nontraditional Admissions Program at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai |url=https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/flexmed-nontraditional-admissions-program-icahn-school-medicine-mount-sinai/2014-08 |journal=AMA Journal of Ethics |volume=16 |issue=8 |pages=614–617 |doi=10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.8.medu2-1408 |issn=2376-6980 |pmid=25140682 |doi-access=free}}

The school only offers graduate degrees:

• Doctor of Medicine (MD): A four-year program comprising two years of classroom and laboratory instruction and two years of clinical rotations.
• PhD Programs in Biomedical Sciences: The subjects include genetics and genomic sciences, neuroscience, microbiology, immunology, pharmacology, and physiology.
• Master of Public Health (MPH) Program: A two-year program focused on preventing and managing diseases at the population level.
• Combined degree programs: Students can earn their MD and another degree through programs such as MD/PhD, MD/MPH, and MD/Master of Science in Clinical Research.

Mount Sinai's four-pronged missions (quality education, patient care, research, and community service) follow the "commitment of serving science," and the majority of students actively participate in some aspect of community service. This participation includes The East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership, which the students of Mount Sinai developed to create a health partnership with the East Harlem community, providing quality health care, regardless of ability to pay, to uninsured residents of East Harlem.{{Cite web |date=2021-08-18 |title=East Harlem Health Outreach Project |url=https://ehhop.org/ |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=East Harlem Health Outreach Project |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership |url=https://www.findhelp.org/icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai--new-york-ny--east-harlem-health-outreach-partnership/6125011370770432 |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=FindHelp}}{{Cite web |title=East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership |url=https://local.aarp.org/place/east-harlem-health-outreach-partnership-new-york-ny.html |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=local.aarp.org |language=english}}{{Cite journal |last=Dembar |first=Alexandra |last2=Mell |first2=Anthony J. |last3=Hsieh |first3=Vicki |last4=Chandrasekan |first4=Sandhya |last5=Rifkin |first5=Robert |last6=Thomas |first6=David C. |last7=Meah |first7=Yasmin S. |date=2020-02-06 |title=Reducing Food Insecurity through Personalized Interventions at the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership |url=https://journalsrc.org/index.php/jsrc/article/view/123 |journal=Journal of Student-Run Clinics |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |doi=10.59586/jsrc.v6i1.123 |issn=2474-9354|doi-access=free }}

ISMMS was named #46 in global university rankings as determined by U.S. News & World Report for 2022-2023. Rankings by subject for the same period include:{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai |url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai-193405 |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=US News and World Report}}

• Mount Sinai was ranked 11th overall among research-based medical schools in the 2023 edition of U.S. News & World Report.{{cite web | title=Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai - Best Medical Schools | website=US News | date=15 August 2022 | url=https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-medical-schools/icahn-school-of-medicine-at-mount-sinai-04072 | access-date=6 September 2023}}
• The Mount Sinai Hospital, the teaching hospital of ISMMS, was listed in the 2022 edition of U.S. News & World Report Honor Roll, with multiple specialties ranked in the top 20 nationwide (geriatrics #1, cardiology #6, endocrinology #10, neurology & neurosurgery #10, orthopedics #14, rehabilitation #14, gastroenterology #15, urology #16, pulmonology #20).{{cite web |title=Mount Sinai Hospital |url=https://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/ny/mount-sinai-medical-center-6213140 |website=U.S. News & World Report |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805055623/https://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/ny/mount-sinai-medical-center-6213140 |archive-date=2023-08-05 |url-status=live}} The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai is ranked #14 in ophthalmology.{{cite web |title=New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai |url=https://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/ny/new-york-eye-and-ear-infirmary-6213190 |website=U.S. News & World Report |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811025413/https://health.usnews.com/best-hospitals/area/ny/new-york-eye-and-ear-infirmary-6213190 |archive-date=2023-08-11 |url-status=live}}
• Mount Sinai was ranked 8th among medical schools in the U.S. receiving NIH grants in 2022,{{Cite web|url=https://report.nih.gov/award/index.cfm?ot=MS&fy=2022&state=&ic=&fm=&orgid=3839801&distr=&rfa=&om=n&pid=#tab2|title=NIH Awards by Location and Organization - NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools (RePORT)|website=report.nih.gov}} and 2nd in research dollars per principal investigator among U.S. medical schools by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC).{{Cite web|url=https://www.aamc.org/data/databook/tables/|title=2017 AAMC Data Book|accessdate=6 September 2023|archive-date=November 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171122164228/https://www.aamc.org/data/databook/tables/|url-status=dead}}

The Annals of Global Health {{Cite web| title = Annals of Global Health| accessdate = 2022-06-05| url = https://www.annalsofglobalhealth.org/}} was founded at Mount Sinai in 1934, then known as the Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine. Levy Library Press publishes The Journal of Scientific Innovation in Medicine.{{Cite web| title = Levy Library Publishing Portal| accessdate = 2021-04-24| url = https://www.levylibrarypress.org/}}

{{More citations needed section | date = November 2022}}

• Jacob M. Appel, novelist and short story author[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-20088112 Dundee International Book Prize won by Jacob M Appel], BBC, 25 October 2012[http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/books/features/book-review-the-man-who-wouldn-t-stand-up-jacob-appel-1-2643009 Book review: The Man Who Wouldn’t Stand Up, Jacob Appel], The Scotsman, Lifestyle, 17 Nov 2012Jacob M Appel named as Dundee International Book Prize winner, The Courier, 9 January 2013
• Michael Arthur, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Leeds{{cite web |title=Professor Michael Arthur curriculum vitae |url=http://www.leeds.ac.uk/about/senior_officers/arthur_cv.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060116133537/http://www.leeds.ac.uk/about/senior_officers/arthur_cv.htm |archivedate=2006-01-16 |accessdate=2006-03-13}}
• Ambati Balamurali, the youngest person ever to become a doctor, according to Guinness Book of Records{{Cite web |date=2009-07-02 |title=Notable Firsts in Indian American History {{!}} HomeSpun: Smithsonian Indian American Heritage Project |url=http://homespun.si.edu/resources/notable_firsts.asp |access-date=2024-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090702164808/http://homespun.si.edu/resources/notable_firsts.asp |archive-date=July 2, 2009 }}{{cite book |author=Craig Glenday |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec00crai_1 |title=Guinness World Records 2011 |publisher=Bantam Dell |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-440-42310-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec00crai_1/page/129 129] |access-date=9 August 2017 |url-access=registration}}
• Inna Berin, obstetrician and gynecologist[http://www.certificationmatters.org/is-your-doctor-board-certified.aspx Certification Matters] American Board of Medical Specialties
• Tamir Bloom, Olympic epee fencer{{cite web |title=Tamir Bloom Olympic Results |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bl/tamir-bloom-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417221313/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bl/tamir-bloom-1.html |archive-date=2020-04-17 |accessdate=2012-02-22 |work=sports-reference.com}}
• Robert Neil Butler, physician, gerontologist, psychiatrist, Pulitzer Prize-winning author and the first director of the National Institute on Aging{{cite web |title=NIH Record |url=http://www.grc.nia.nih.gov/branches/blsa/butler.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090923191547/http://www.grc.nia.nih.gov/branches/blsa/butler.htm |archive-date=2009-09-23}}{{Cite journal |last=Achenbaum |first=W. Andrew |date=February 2014 |title=Robert N. Butler, MD (January 21, 1927-July 4, 2010): visionary leader |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23512769 |journal=The Gerontologist |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=6–12 |doi=10.1093/geront/gnt015 |issn=1758-5341 |pmid=23512769}}
• Sophie Clarke, winner of Survivor: South Pacific{{Cite web |date=2015-11-16 |title=Survivor Sucks-Sophie Clarke was the only goat to win Survivor |url=https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/survivorsucks/sophie-clarke-was-the-only-goat-to-win-survivor-t124322-s40.html |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=Survivor Sucks |language=en-us}}
• Sandra Fong, Olympic sport shooter{{cite sports-reference|title=Sandra Fong|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/fo/sandra-fong-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417230328/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/fo/sandra-fong-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 17, 2020|access-date=January 6, 2013}}
• Jeffrey Scott Flier, dean of the Harvard Medical School{{Cite web |title=Jeffrey S Flier |url=https://hms.harvard.edu/faculty-staff/jeffrey-s-flier |access-date=2022-06-12 |website=hms.harvard.edu |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=May 2020 |title=Jeffrey S. Flier |url=https://neuro.hms.harvard.edu/faculty-staff/jeffrey-s-flier |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=neuro.hms.harvard.edu |language=en}}{{cite web |last= |first= |date=11 July 2007 |title=Jeffrey S. Flier named next dean of Faculty of Medicine |url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/07/jeffrey-s-flier-named-next-dean-of-faculty-of-medicine |publisher=Harvard Gazette}}  
• Scott L. Friedman, president of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and pioneering researcher in the field of hepatic fibrosis{{cite journal |last1=Friedman |first1=S. L |last2=Roll |first2=F. J |last3=Boyles |first3=J |last4=Bissell |first4=D. M |year=1985 |title=Hepatic lipocytes: The principal collagen-producing cells of normal rat liver |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=82 |issue=24 |pages=8681–5 |bibcode=1985PNAS...82.8681F |doi=10.1073/pnas.82.24.8681 |pmc=391500 |pmid=3909149 |doi-access=free}}{{cite journal |last1=Narla |first1=G |last2=Heath |first2=K. E |last3=Reeves |first3=H. L |last4=Li |first4=D |last5=Giono |first5=L. E |last6=Kimmelman |first6=A. C |last7=Glucksman |first7=M. J |last8=Narla |first8=J |last9=Eng |first9=F. J |last10=Chan |first10=A. M |last11=Ferrari |first11=A. C |last12=Martignetti |first12=J. A |last13=Friedman |first13=S. L |year=2001 |title=KLF6, a Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutated in Prostate Cancer |journal=Science |volume=294 |issue=5551 |pages=2563–6 |bibcode=2001Sci...294.2563N |doi=10.1126/science.1066326 |pmid=11752579 |s2cid=31619019}}  
• Janice Gabrilove, hematologist-oncologist and inventor of patent describing initial isolation and characterization of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF){{Cite web |title=Janice L. Gabrilove, M.D. {{!}} Leukemia and Lymphoma Society |url=https://www.lls.org/person/janice-l-gabrilove-md |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=www.lls.org}}
• Rivka Galchen, award winning author{{cite web |title=The Rona Jaffe Foundation Writers' Awards 2006 |url=http://www.ronajaffefoundation.org/2006_winners.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080605130055/http://www.ronajaffefoundation.org/2006_winners.html |archive-date=2008-06-05 |access-date=2008-10-19}}{{cite web |title=Rivka Galchen |url=https://arts.columbia.edu/profiles/Rivka-Galchen |access-date=1 March 2013 |publisher=Columbia University}}{{Cite web |title=Past Winners and Finalists |url=https://ggbooks.ca/past-winners-and-finalists |access-date=2021-01-12 |website=Governor General’s Literary Awards}}
• Steven K. Galson, former Surgeon General of the United States{{Cite web |last=DesignWorksGarage |title=NCHH |url=https://nchh.org/information-and-evidence/healthy-housing-policy/national/keystone-federal-policy/surgeon-generals-call-to-action/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=NCHH |language=en-US}}
• Stuart Gitlow, former president of the American Society of Addiction Medicine{{Cite web |title=Past Presidents |url=https://www.asam.org/about-us/leadership/past-presidents |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=Default |language=en}}
• René Kahn, neuropsychiatrist (schizophrenia, neuroimaging), Klingenstein Professor{{Cite web |date=2021-01-05 |title=René S. Kahn, M.D., Ph.D. |url=https://bbrfoundation.org/about/people/rene-kahn-md-phd |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=René S. Kahn, M.D., Ph.D. {{!}} Brain & Behavior Research Foundation |language=en}}
• Arnold Martin Katz, the first Philip J. and Harriet L. Goodhart Professor of Medicine (Cardiology), and author of Physiology of the Heart {{Cite web |title=HFSA Announces the Passing of Lifetime Achievement Award Winner Dr. Arnold Katz {{!}} HFSA |url=https://hfsa.org/hfsa-announces-passing-lifetime-achievement-award-winner-dr-arnold-katz |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=hfsa.org}}
• Jeffrey P. Koplan, former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC){{Cite press release |title=SHALALA APPOINTS JEFFREY P. KOPLAN TO HEAD CDC |date=July 10, 1998 |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/r980710.htm |language=en |access-date=April 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421004302/https://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/r980710.htm |archive-date=April 21, 2020}}
• Herminia Palacio, class of 1987, Deputy Mayor of New York City under Bill de Blasio under Bill de Blasio and CEO of the Guttmacher Institute{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2016 |title=Mayor de Blasio Appoints Herminia Palacio as Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services |url=http://www1.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/013-16/mayor-de-blasio-appoints-herminia-palacio-deputy-mayor-health-human-services |access-date=2022-06-21 |website=The official website of the City of New York}}  
• John Rowe, CEO and executive chairman of Aetna from 2000 to 2006{{Cite web |date=4 January 2006 |title=Aetna's John Rowe stepping down as CEO |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna10705902 |access-date=2022-05-11 |website=NBC News |language=en}}
• Charles Schleien, pediatrician and medical researcher{{Cite web |date=2012-05-18 |title=Dr. Charles Schleien Named Pediatric Chair at Cohen Children’s Medical Center |url=https://patch.com/new-york/newhydepark/an--dr-charles-schleien-named-pediatric-chair-at-cohe2fb5baf713 |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=New Hyde Park, NY Patch |language=en}}
• René Simard, co-author of On Being Human: Where Ethics, Medicine and Spirituality Converge
• Benjamin (Benji) Ungar (born 1986), NCAA-champion fencer{{cite web |title=Ben Ungar | Fencing.Net |url=http://www.fencing.net/tags/ben-ungar/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225101231/http://www.fencing.net/tags/ben-ungar/ |archive-date=December 25, 2010 |access-date=May 7, 2014}}

• Stuart A. Aaronson, internationally recognized cancer biologist and the Jane B. and Jack R. Aron Professor of Neoplastic Diseases and chairman of Oncological Sciences
• Judith Aberg, infectious disease researcher, George Baehr Professor of Clinical Medicine and Dean of System Operations for Clinical Sciences at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.reprievetrial.org/ |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=REPRIEVE Trial |language=en-US}}
• David H. Adams, co-creator of the Carpentier-McCarthy-Adams IMR ETlogix Ring and the Carpentier-Edwards Physio II degenerative annuloplasty ring{{Cite web |title=David H. Adams, MD |url=https://www.mitralfoundation.org/profile/david-h-adams |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=Mitral Foundation |language=en}}
• Joshua B. Bederson, professor and chief of neurosurgery and the first neurosurgeon at Mount Sinai to receive an NIH R01 grant as principal investigator{{Cite web |title=directory detail - cns.org |url=https://www.cns.org/member-directory-detail?mid=2120cefc-2abc-470b-9a4d-9b61e7938521 |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=www.cns.org}}
• Solomon Berson, American physician and scientist whose discoveries, mostly together with Rosalyn Yalow, caused major advances in clinical biochemistry {{ISBN|0-309-04198-8}}
• Deepak L. Bhatt, American interventional cardiologist known for novel clinical trials in cardiovascular prevention, intervention, and heart failure.{{Cite web |title=ORCID |url=https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1278-6245 |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=orcid.org}}
• Michael J. Bronson, associate professor of orthopaedic surgery and creator of the Vision Total Hip System
• Michael L. Brodman, chair and professor of the department of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive science and pioneer in the field of urogynecology{{Cite web |title=Dr. Michael L. Brodman - Obstetrics & Gynecology - New York, NY |url=https://www.castleconnolly.com/top-doctors/michael-l-brodman-obstetrics-gynecology-81cc000667 |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=Castle Connolly |language=en}}
• Steven J. Burakoff, cancer specialist, author of both Therapeutic Immunology (2001) and Graft-Vs.-Host Disease: Immunology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment (1990), and the director of Mount Sinai Hospital's Cancer Institute{{Cite web |title=Therapeutic Immunology, 2nd Edition {{!}} Wiley |url=https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Therapeutic+Immunology%2C+2nd+Edition-p-9780632043590 |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=Wiley.com |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Burakoff |first=Steven J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qGhsAAAAMAAJ |title=Graft-vs.-host Disease: Immunology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment |date=1990 |publisher=Dekker |isbn=978-0-8247-8188-0 |language=en}}
• Alain F. Carpentier, hailed by the president of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery as the father of modern mitral valve repair
• Thomas C. Chalmers, known for his role in the development of the randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis in medical research
• Dennis S. Charney, current dean of the school and expert in the neurobiology and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders
• Michelle Copeland, D.M.D., M.D., assistant clinical professor of surgery, particularly known for her expertise on ankle liposuction and the treatment of gynecomastia{{Cite web |title=Dr. Michelle Copeland |url=https://www.harpercollins.com/blogs/authors/dr-michelle-copeland-880000007887 |access-date=July 24, 2024 |website=HarperCollins Publishers}}
• Kenneth L. Davis, chairman and chief executive officer of Mount Sinai Medical Center, who developed what is now the most widely used tool to test the efficacy of treatments for Alzheimer's disease{{Cite journal |date=November 1984 |title=A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease |url=https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/ajp.141.11.1356 |journal=American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=141 |issue=11 |pages=1356–1364 |doi=10.1176/ajp.141.11.1356 |issn=0002-953X}}
• Charles DeLisi, former professor and chair of biomathematical sciences and professor of molecular biology who launched the Human Genome Project{{Cite web |title=President Clinton Awards the Presidential Citizens Medals |url=https://clintonwhitehouse5.archives.gov/WH/new/html/Mon_Jan_8_141714_2001.html |access-date=2024-07-24 |website=clintonwhitehouse5.archives.gov}}
• Burton Drayer, president of Mount Sinai Hospital (2003–2008) and president of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA){{Cite web |date=2010-02-11 |title=RSNA.org: Burton P. Drayer, MD |url=http://www.rsna.org/About/whoswho/drayer.cfm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211221750/http://www.rsna.org/About/whoswho/drayer.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-02-11 |access-date=2024-07-24 }}
• Marta Filizola, computational biophysicist, dean of the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
• Raja M. Flores, thoracic surgeon and chief of the Division of Thoracic Surgery, was instrumental in creating VATS lobectomy as the standard in the surgical treatment of lung cancer
• Valentín Fuster, editor-in-chief of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, the only cardiologist to receive all four major research awards from the world's four major cardiovascular organizations, and among the first to demonstrate that acute coronary events arise from small plaques
• Janice Gabrilove, hematologist-oncologist and inventor of patent describing initial isolation and characterization of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)
• Eric M. Genden, professor and chairman of the department of otolaryngology, who performed the first successful jaw transplant in New York State
• Isabelle M. Germano, professor of neurosurgery, neurology, oncological sciences pioneer of image-guided neurosurgery, radiosurgery, and gene therapy for brain tumors
• Stuart Gitlow, former president of the American Society of Addiction Medicine and executive director of the Annenberg Physician Training Program in Addictive Diseases
• Alison Goate, director of the Loeb Center for Alzheimer's disease
• Randall B. Griepp, professor of cardiothoracic surgery who collaborated with Norman Shumway in the development of the first successful heart transplant procedures in the U.S.
• Jack Peter Green, founding professor and chairman of the department of pharmacology; expert in molecular pharmacology; established the first methods for measuring acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain, and the evidence for histamine as a neurotransmitter
• Alon Harris, inventor and co-principal investigator on The Thessaloniki Eye Study, reportedly ophthalmology's largest population-based study
• Andrew C. Hecht, assistant professor of both orthopaedic surgery and neurosurgery and spine surgical consultant to the New York Jets, the New York Islanders and the New York Dragons
• Horace Hodes, former Herbert H. Lehman Professor and chairman of pediatrics
• Ravi Iyengar, professor and founder of the Iyengar Laboratory, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
• Ethylin Wang Jabs, pediatrician and medical geneticist who identified the first human mutation in a homeobox-containing gene
• Andy S. Jagoda, professor and chair of the Department of Emergency Medicine and editor or author of 13 books, including The Good Housekeeping Family First Aid Book ({{ISBN|0-688-17894-4}}) and the textbook Neurologic Emergencies ({{ISBN|0-07-140292-6}})
• René Kahn, neuropsychiatrist (schizophrenia, neuroimaging), Klingenstein Professor
• Amy Kelley, geriatrician and palliative care specialist, deputy director of the National Institute on Aging
• Annapoorna Kini, associate professor of cardiology and co-author of Definitions of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Hurst's The Heart
• Daniel M. Labow, chief of the Division of Surgical Oncology and associate professor of surgery and surgical oncology, reputable for his work with cytoreductive and intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemoperfusion (HIPEC)
• Philip J. Landrigan, advocate of children's health
• Jeffrey Laitman, anatomist and physical anthropologist, distinguished professor of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, professor and director of the Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, professor of otolaryngology and professor of medical education
• Mark G. Lebwohl, the Sol and Clara Kest Professor and chairman of the department of dermatology and author of leading book on dermatologic therapy, Treatment of Skin Disease ({{ISBN|0-323-03603-1}}).
• I Michael Leitman, professor of surgery and dean for graduate medical education
• Ihor R. Lemischka, an internationally recognized stem cell biologist and stem cell research advocate
• Derek LeRoith, chief of the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease and director of the Metabolism Institute and the first to demonstrate the link between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and cancer
• Blair Lewis, clinical professor of gastroenterology and instrumental in developing the International Conference of Capsule Endoscopy's consensus statement for clinical application of the capsule endoscopy
• Barry A. Love, cardiologist specializing in pediatric and congenital heart problems and director of Mount Sinai's Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory and director of the Pediatric Electrophysiology Service
• Henry Zvi Lothane, clinical professor, internationally recognized psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, and historian of psychoanalysis
• Michael L. Marin, professor and chairman of the department of surgery, the first in the U.S. to perform minimally invasive aortic aneurysm surgery and one of the first to perform a successful stent graft procedure
• Sean E. McCance, clinical professor of orthopaedics and listed as one of the "Best Doctors" for spinal fusion in Money magazine
• Roxana Mehran, interventional cardiologist
• Diane E. Meier, geriatrician and MacArthur Fellow, 2008
• Marek Mlodzik, chair of the Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, professor of oncological sciences and ophthalmology
• David Muller, co-founder of the Mount Sinai Visiting Doctors Program, the largest academic physician home visiting program in the U.S.
• Eric J. Nestler, dean for academic and scientific affairs and director of the Friedman Brain Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York
• Paul J. Kenny, chairman of the Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and director of the Drug Discovery Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York
• Michael Palese, medical director of the department of urology and among the few surgeons in the U.S. trained in open, laparoscopic and robotic kidney procedures.
• Peter Palese, expert on influenza
• Giulio Maria Pasinetti, Saunders Family Chair and Professor of Neurology. Program director, Center for Molecular Integrative Neuroresilience at the Icahn School of Medicine
• Sean P. Pinney, director of both the Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Program and the Pulmonary Hypertension Program
• John Puskas, first totally thoracoscopic bilateral pulmonary vein isolation procedure and co-editor of ''State of the Art Surgical Coronary Revascularization the first textbook solely devoted to coronary artery surgery.
• Kristjan T. Ragnarsson, physiatrist and professor and chair of rehabilitation medicine with an international reputation in the rehabilitation of individuals with disorders of the central nervous system
• David L. Reich, president and chief operating officer of the Mount Sinai Hospital, chairman of the department of anesthesiology, and a pioneer in the use of electronic medical records
• Joy S. Reidenberg, Professor of Anatomy, starred in many TV documentaries on PBS, BBC, CBC, SBS, NatGeo, Science Channel, Discovery, Channel 4 (UK), and many other networks, including Inside Nature's Giants, Sex in the Wild, Born in the Wild, Mythical Beasts, Lost Beasts Unearthed, Whale Detective, Humpback Whale: A Detective Story, Brave New World with Stephen Hawking, Big Blue Live, Wild Alaska Live, When Whales Could Walk, Mystery of the Walking Whale, etc.{{Cite news |title='Big Blue Live' makes its US debut |url=http://www.montereyherald.com/article/NF/20150831/NEWS/150839951 |access-date=2017-06-06 |language=en}}
• Elisa Rush Port, director and co-founder of the Dubin Breast Center at Mount Sinai Health System{{Cite web |title=Elisa Port |url=https://www.bcrf.org/researchers/elisa-port/ |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=Breast Cancer Research Foundation |language=en-US}}
• Eric Schadt, computational biologist, dean for precision medicine{{Cite web |title=Icahn Institute's Eric Schadt on Data Analysis in Medicine {{!}} Mount Sinai - New York |url=https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2014/icahn-institutes-eric-schadt-on-data-analysis-in-medicine |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=Mount Sinai Health System |language=en-US}}
• Alan L. Schiller, professor and chair of the department of pathology and member of the board of directors of the National Space Biomedical Research Institute{{Cite web |date=2012-07-27 |title=Dr. Alan Schiller Appointed Director of Pathology at Greenwich Hospital |url=https://patch.com/connecticut/greenwich/an--dr-alan-schiller-appointed-director-of-pathology-753c6243c8 |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=Greenwich, CT Patch |language=en}}
• Bernd Schröppel, transplant nephrologist and assistant professor of nephrology{{Cite web |title=Prof. Dr. med. Bernd Schroppel |url=https://airomedical.com/doctors/prof-dr-med-bernd-schroppel#overview |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=AiroMedical |language=en}}
• Stuart C. Sealfon, identified the primary structure of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Stuart C. Sealfon, MD |url=https://www.utmb.edu/cbeid/projects/research-program-project/collaborator-bios/stuart-c-sealfon-md#:~:text=Stuart%20Sealfon%20is%20currently%20a,level%20responses%20from%20molecular%20changes. |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases (cbeid) |language=en}}
• Aryeh Shander, recognized in 1997 by Time magazine as one of America's "Heroes of Medicine"{{Cite web |date=2000-08-26 |title=Heroes of Medicine: Bloodless Surgery |url=http://www.time.com/time/reports/heroes/bloodless.html |access-date=2024-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000826212041/http://www.time.com/time/reports/heroes/bloodless.html |archive-date=August 26, 2000 }}
• Joseph Sonnabend, physician, scientist and HIV/AIDS researcher, notable for pioneering community-based research, the propagation of safe sex to prevent infection, and an early and unconventional multifactorial model of AIDS{{Cite news |last=Langer |first=Emily |date=2021-01-30 |title=Joseph Sonnabend, pioneering AIDS physician, dies at 88 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/joseph-sonnabend-dead/2021/01/27/d4033914-5f34-11eb-afbe-9a11a127d146_story.html |access-date=2024-08-08 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}
• Filip Swirski, professor, researcher and scientist, known for novel findings in linking atherosclerosis with blood monocytosis{{Cite web |date=2023-02-28 |title=Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system |url=https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/skipping-breakfast-fasting-compromised-immune-system |access-date=2024-07-30 |website=www.medicalnewstoday.com |language=en}}
• Ilya B. Tsyrlov, biochemist, molecular toxicologist, and virologist
• I. Michael Leitman, surgeon and dean for graduate medical education, professor, Department of Medical Education, professor, Department of Surgery{{Cite web |last=Ashley |first=Madeline |date=2024-01-17 |title='An epidemic of resignation': Mount Sinai leader pushes better physician well-being |url=https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/workforce/an-epidemic-of-resignation-mount-sinai-leader-pushes-better-physician-well-being.html |access-date=2024-07-30 |website=www.beckershospitalreview.com |language=en-gb}}
• Samuel Waxman, Distinguished Service Professor of Oncological Science{{Cite web |last=Magazine |first=Harlem World |date=2019-05-30 |title=Dr. Samuel Waxman Receives Prestigious Award At Ellis Island Medals Of Honor Ceremony |url=https://www.harlemworldmagazine.com/dr-samuel-waxman-receives-prestigious-award-at-ellis-island-medals-of-honor-ceremony/ |access-date=2024-07-30 |website=Harlem World Magazine |language=en-US}}

{{Reflist}}

{{coord|40.789475|-73.953781|display=title|type:edu}}

• [http://icahn.mssm.edu/ Official website]

{{NYC Colleges}}

{{Mount Sinai Health System}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Schools of medicine in New York City

Category:Universities and colleges in Manhattan

Category:Schools of public health in the United States

Category:Private universities and colleges in New York City