Idalaka language

{{Infobox language

|name=Idalaka

|region=East Timor

|speakers= 17,000

|date = 2010 census

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Central–Eastern

|fam4=Timor–Babar

|fam5=Ramelaic

|minority=East Timor

|lc1=idt |ld1=Idaté

|lc2=lka |ld2=Lakalei

|glotto=east2733

|glottorefname=Eastern Timoric B

|dia1=Idaté

|dia2=Isní

|dia3=Lakalei

|dia4=Lolein

|map=Idaté.png

|mapcaption=Distribution of Idaté mother-tongue speakers in East Timor

|map2=Lakalai.png

|mapcaption2=Distribution of Lakalai
File:Isní.png
Distribution of Isní
File:Lolein.png
Distribution of Lolein
File:Idalaka.png
Distribution of Idalaka

}}

Idalaka ({{langx|pt|Idalaca}}) is a Malayo-Polynesian dialect chain spoken Idalaka people in East Timor. The name is a portmanteau of Idaté and Lakalai.

Relation to other languages

The Idalaka dialects are closely related to Tetum and Habun, while they exhibit many similarities with Galoli. Idalaka also resembles the Kemak language in that there are archaic features such as personal prefixes in verbs, which are lost in Mambai and Tokodede.{{citation needed|date=December 2022}}

Geographic distribution

The dialects are spoken in the Ramelau mountains with the exception of endangered Lolein, which is spoken in Dili. The 2015 census recorded 19,913 people in East Timor as native speakers of Idalaka dialects.

= Official status =

Idalaka is one of 15 recognized national languages of East Timor.{{cite web |last1=Hull |first1=Geoffrey |title=The Languages of East Timor: Some Basic facts |url=http://www.asianlang.mq.edu.au/INL/langs.html |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Linguística |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060716034822/http://www.asianlang.mq.edu.au/INL/langs.html |archive-date=16 July 2006 |date=24 August 2004}}

Dialects

Idaté (Idate) is the vernacular in Laclubar (Manatuto Municipality) and the bordering area in adjacent Manufahi. It has a total of 14,178 native speakers.{{cite web |publisher=Direcção-Geral de Estatística |url=https://www.statistics.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/4_2015-V2-Language.xls |title=Population Distribution by Administrative Area - Volume 2 (Language) |year=2016 |first=Silvino |last=Lopes |format=XLS |access-date=23 November 2016 |archive-date=4 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190204014519/http://www.statistics.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/4_2015-V2-Language.xls |url-status=dead }}

Lakalei is spoken in the area of Fahinehan (Manufahi). It has a total of 3,669 native speakers.

Isní is spoken east of Turiscai (Manufahi), with a total of 1,855 native speakers.

Lolein is spoken in Talitu (Aileu Municipality), Becora Leten and Hera (Dili Municipality). Lolein developed from the Isní of 19th century immigrants from Turiscai. In Dili municipality, 568 people speak Lolein, another 533 speakers live in the adjacent Alieu Municipality. A total of 1,155 people are native in the dialect across East Timor.

Vocabulary

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" \|+ The basic numbers in the Idalaka dialects
Number ! Lakalei ! Isní ! Lolein ! Idaté
1 \|{{lang\|lka\|isa}} \|{{lang\|mis\|is}} \|{{lang\|mis\|isa}} \|{{lang\|idt\|isa}}
2 \|{{lang\|lka\|rua}} \|{{lang\|mis\|rua}} \|{{lang\|mis\|rua}} \|{{lang\|idt\|rua}}
3 \|{{lang\|lka\|telu}} \|{{lang\|mis\|tel}} \|{{lang\|mis\|telu}} \|{{lang\|idt\|telu}}
4 \|{{lang\|lka\|aat}} \|{{lang\|mis\|aat}} \|{{lang\|mis\|aat}} \|{{lang\|idt\|aat}}
5 \|{{lang\|lka\|lima}} \|{{lang\|mis\|lim}} \|{{lang\|mis\|lima}} \|{{lang\|idt\|lima}}
6 \|{{lang\|lka\|neen}} \|{{lang\|mis\|neen}} \|{{lang\|mis\|neen}} \|{{lang\|idt\|neen}}
7 \|{{lang\|lka\|hitu}} \|{{lang\|mis\|hitu}} \|{{lang\|mis\|hitu}} \|{{lang\|idt\|hitu}}
8 \|{{lang\|lka\|ualu}} \|{{lang\|mis\|ualu}} \|{{lang\|mis\|ualu}} \|{{lang\|idt\|ualu}}
9 \|{{lang\|lka\|sia}} \|{{lang\|mis\|sia}} \|{{lang\|mis\|sia}} \|{{lang\|idt\|sia}}
10 \|{{lang\|lka\|sakulu}} \|{{lang\|mis\|sakúl}} \|{{lang\|mis\|sakulu}} \|{{lang\|idt\|sanulu}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+ The basic numbers in the Idalaka dialects

Number

! Lakalei

! Isní

! Lolein

! Idaté

|{{lang|lka|isa}}

|{{lang|mis|is}}

|{{lang|mis|isa}}

|{{lang|idt|isa}}

|{{lang|lka|rua}}

|{{lang|mis|rua}}

|{{lang|idt|rua}}

|{{lang|lka|telu}}

|{{lang|mis|tel}}

|{{lang|mis|telu}}

|{{lang|idt|telu}}

|{{lang|lka|aat}}

|{{lang|mis|aat}}

|{{lang|idt|aat}}

|{{lang|lka|lima}}

|{{lang|mis|lim}}

|{{lang|mis|lima}}

|{{lang|idt|lima}}

|{{lang|lka|neen}}

|{{lang|mis|neen}}

|{{lang|idt|neen}}

|{{lang|lka|hitu}}

|{{lang|mis|hitu}}

|{{lang|idt|hitu}}

|{{lang|lka|ualu}}

|{{lang|mis|ualu}}

|{{lang|idt|ualu}}

|{{lang|lka|sia}}

|{{lang|mis|sia}}

|{{lang|idt|sia}}

|{{lang|lka|sakulu}}

|{{lang|mis|sakúl}}

|{{lang|mis|sakulu}}

|{{lang|idt|sanulu}}

References

Bibliography

{{Cite thesis |last=Alcantara |first=Maressa Xavier |title=Descrição fonética e fonológica da língua idaté do Timor Leste |trans-title=Phonetic description and phonology of the idaté language of East Timor |date=2014 |degree=Master's |publisher=University of São Paulo |doi=10.11606/d.8.2014.tde-11052015-171431 |doi-access=free |language=pt}}

Category:Languages of Timor-Leste

Category:Timor–Babar languages