Igor Dmitriyevich Sergeyev ({{Langx|ru|Игорь Дмитриевич Сергеев}}; 20 April 1938 – 10 November 2006) was a Soviet and later Russian military officer who was Minister of Defense of Russia from 22 May 1997 to 28 March 2001. Before that he was the commander of the Strategic Rocket Forces from 26 August 1992 to 22 May 1997. He was the first and, as of {{year}}, the only Marshal of the Russian Federation.{{cite web|title=Сергеев Игорь Дмитриевич|language=ru|publisher=Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation|url=https://xn--d1abichgllj9dyd8a.xn--90anlfbebar6i.xn--p1ai/encyclopedia/history/more.htm?id=12174903@cmsArticle|access-date=2024-11-21}}

Career

=Early life and career=

Sergeyev graduated from the school No. 22 in Makiivka in 1955. From 1955 to 1960 he studied at the military college, which he graduated with honors. After graduation he was appointed commander of the squad of ballistic missiles testing of the 37th ballistic missile division. From 1962 to 1963 he served as deputy commander for technical part of the ballistic missile battery. In 1963 he was appointed assistant to the chief of the engineering service of the ballistic missile regiment. From 1965 to 1968 he was deputy commander for armament of the ballistic missile battalion. In 1968 he became deputy squad commander for combat readiness and combat training of the ballistic missile division. From 1970 to 1971 he was chief of staff of the 351st ballistic missile regiment.

From 1971 to 1973, Sergeyev studied at the Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Soviet Union, from which he graduated with honors. After graduation, he was appointed commander of the 543rd ballistic missile regiment. In 1975, he was appointed chief of staff and – later – commander of the 46th ballistic missile division.

From 1978 to 1980, Sergeyev studied at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. After graduation, he was appointed chief of staff of the 43rd ballistic missile army. In 1983, he was appointed chief of the Operations Directorate of the Main Staff of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Soviet Union. In 1985, he was appointed first deputy chief of the Main Staff of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Soviet Union. From 1989 to 1992, he served as deputy commander-in-chief for combat training of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Soviet Union.

By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 19 August 1992 No. 905, Sergeyev was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Rocket Forces of Russia. On 13 August 1996, he was promoted to army general.

In 1994, Sergeyev received an academic degree of the doctor of technical sciences with a thesis on combat control systems.

=Defense Minister=

File:У. Коэн и И. Сергеев подписывают план сотрудничества в штаб-квартире НАТО. Брюссель, 3 декабря 1997 г..jpg signing a cooperation agreement, 1997]]

File:Igor Dmitriyevich Sergeyev with Donald Rumsfeld, Pentagon, 2001.jpg, 2001]]

On 22 May 1997, Sergeyev was appointed Minister of Defense of Russia in 1997 by the President of Russia Boris Yeltsin.[https://web.archive.org/web/20060614105019/http://lenta.ru/russia/2001/03/28/ministers/sergeev.htm Биография Игоря Сергеева на Lenta.ru] He was promoted to Marshal of the Russian Federation on 21 November 1997.

Marshal Sergeyev accepted reform within a limited budget under civilian political control. The number of military educational establishments was reduced markedly from their previous levels, which had not changed since Soviet times. A number of army divisions were given "permanent readiness" status, which was supposed to bring them up to 80 percent manning and 100 percent equipment holdings. Sergeyev directed most of his efforts toward promoting the interests of the Strategic Rocket Forces. All military space forces were absorbed into the Strategic Rocket Forces, and the Ground Forces Headquarters was abolished. The Airborne Forces suffered some reductions, while the Naval Infantry only escaped due to their competent performance in Chechnya. Much of the available procurement money was invested in acquiring new rockets.

File:Совет министров обороны стран Содружества – локомотив развития военного сотрудничества государств СНГ 06.jpg in Dushanbe.]]

In December 1999, Marshal Sergeyev called NATO enlargement, in and of itself, a threat to global and European collective security and world politics. He particularly stressed the deployment and use of NATO forces out of area without a United Nations or OSCE mandate as a threat that devalues confidence-building measures, arms control treaties and security.

Sergeyev was dismissed as defense minister in March 2001 and was replaced by Sergei Ivanov.

=Death=

Sergeyev died on 10 November 2006 from hemoblastosis.{{Cite web|title=Бывший министр обороны России умер на 69-м году жизни|language=ru|date=10 November 2006|publisher=Санкт-Петербург.Ру|url=http://saint-petersburg.ru/m/202565/bywshiy_ministr_oborony_rossii_umer_na_69-m_godu_zhizni.html|access-date=25 February 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927192838/http://saint-petersburg.ru/m/202565/bywshiy_ministr_oborony_rossii_umer_na_69-m_godu_zhizni.html|archive-date=27 September 2007}} He was buried at the Troyekurovskoye Cemetery.

Criticism

Marshal Sergeyev is blamed by some for not effectively acting during the War of Dagestan in 1999 but is also praised for the fact that the Russian military captured the Chechen capital Grozny in 2000 during the Second Chechen War.[http://redstar.ru/zhizn-posvyashhyonnaya-otechestvu/ Жизнь, посвящённая Отечеству. Памяти Маршала Российской Федерации Игоря Сергеева]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} However, the ongoing fighting in the south of the country caused some concern about his efficacy after Vladimir Putin became president.

Honours and awards

Hero of the Russian Federation (27 October 1999){{Cite web |url=http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=4151 |title=Указ Президента России от 27 июня 1999 года|access-date=2009-06-28 |archive-date=2012-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514133831/http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=4151}}
Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 2nd class (28 March 2001){{Cite web |url=http://document.kremlin.ru/doc.asp?ID=006353 |title=Указ Президента России от 28 марта 2001 года|accessdate=2008-12-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112084110/http://document.kremlin.ru/doc.asp?ID=006353 |archivedate=2012-01-12}}
Order of Military Merit (1995)
Order of Honour (20 April 2003)
Order of the October Revolution (1987)
Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1988)
Order of the Red Star (1982)
Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR", 3rd class (1976)
Jubilee Medal "50 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
Jubilee Medal "60 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
Jubilee Medal "70 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
Medal "Veteran of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
Medal of Zhukov
Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"
Medal "In Commemoration of the 850th Anniversary of Moscow"
Medal "For Impeccable Service" 1st, 2nd and 3rd classes
Order of Manas, 3rd class (Kyrgyzstan, 20 December 1999)
Order of the Yugoslav Star, 1st class (Yugoslavia, 23 December 1999)
Order of Saint Righteous Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy

Legacy

In 2017, a street in the Kuntsevo District of Moscow was named after Marshal Sergeyev.{{cite news|title=Улица в честь единственного маршала РФ Сергеева появится в Москве|language=ru|date=2017-04-20|magazine=Izvestia|url=https://iz.ru/news/688223|access-date=2023-05-11}}{{cite act|title=О присвоении наименований линейным транспортным объектам города Москвы|type=Decree|date=19 June 2017|index=375-ПП|authority=Government of Moscow|language=ru|url=https://www.mos.ru/upload/documents/docs/375-PP.pdf|access-date=2023-05-11}}