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Impact events on Mars

{{Short description|None}}

File:PIA17932-Mars-NewImpactCrater-MRO-HiRISE-20131119.jpg image of a newly-formed Martian impact crater at Solis Planum in 2013. This crater spans {{convert|30|m|ft|sp=us}} in diameter and is surrounded by dark ejecta rays extending up to {{convert|15|km|mi|sp=us}}.]]

In modern times, numerous impact events on Mars have been detected. Although most have been inferred from the appearance of new impact craters on the planet, some have corresponded to marsquakes felt by the InSight lander.{{cite news |title=NASA's InSight Lander Detects Stunning Meteoroid Impact on Mars |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-insight-lander-detects-stunning-meteoroid-impact-on-mars |access-date=1 November 2022 |work=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) |publisher=NASA}} To date, no impacting meteors have been directly observed as a fireball or discovered in space before impact.

Overview

As the best-explored planet in the Solar System (after Earth), Mars has been continuously explored by various spacecraft, landers, and rovers since 1997. The first probe to image Mars's surface in detail was Mariner 4 in 1965, and Mariner 9 became the first probe to orbit Mars in 1971. However, few early probes were able to image Mars in high enough resolution to detect new impact craters, which are typically less than {{convert|10|m|ft|sp=us}} across. Early probes reached resolutions of {{convert|790|m|ft|sp=us}}, while Mariner 9 was able to reach {{convert|98|m|ft|sp=us}}.

{{cite book |last=Pyle|first=Rod |title=Destination Mars |year=2012 |publisher=Prometheus Books |isbn=978-1-61614-589-7 |pages=73–78 |quote=It was the first spacecraft to enter orbit around another world. ... [It] continues to orbit Mars to this day, sailing around the planet deaf and dumb in the cold darkness.}} From 1976 to 1982, Viking 1 and Viking 2 imaged all of Mars at {{convert|150|m|ft|sp=us}} resolution, with some areas imaged in up to {{convert|8|m|ft|sp=us}} resolution.{{cite web |title=Viking 1 & 2 Orbiter Archive |url=https://atmos.nmsu.edu/data_and_services/atmospheres_data/MARS/vikingorbiter1.html |website=atmos.nmsu.edu |access-date=1 November 2022}}

The Mars Global Surveyor, active from 1997 to 2006, was the first spacecraft able to image Mars in high enough resolution to detect new impacts, with a resolution of up to {{convert|1.5|m|ft|sp=us}}. The first detected impact, a {{convert|14.4|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}}-diameter crater in southern Lucus Planum, happened between 27 January 2000, and 19 March 2001. Since then, over 1,200 new impact craters have been found on Mars with 2001 Mars Odyssey, Mars Express, and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, over 1,100 of which were found by the last.

Unlike on Earth, most impact craters on Mars come in clusters, caused by the meteor partially fragmenting before impact.{{cite journal |last1=Daubar |first1=I. J. |last2=Dundas |first2=C. M. |last3=McEwen |first3=A. S. |last4=Gao |first4=A. |last5=Wexler |first5=D. |last6=Piqueux |first6=S. |last7=Collins |first7=G. S. |last8=Miljkovic |first8=K. |last9=Neidhart |first9=T. |last10=Eschenfelder |first10=J. |last11=Bart |first11=G. D. |last12=Wagstaff |first12=K. L.|author12-link=Kiri Wagstaff |last13=Doran |first13=G. |last14=Posiolova |first14=L. |last15=Malin |first15=M. |last16=Speth |first16=G. |last17=Susko |first17=D. |last18=Werynski |first18=A. |title=New Craters on Mars: An Updated Catalog |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets |date=1 July 2022 |volume=127 |issue=7 |pages=e07145 |doi=10.1029/2021JE007145 |bibcode=2022JGRE..12707145D |hdl=10044/1/98223 |s2cid=229000379 |issn=0148-0227|doi-access=free |hdl-access=free }} Due to Mars's tenuous atmosphere, with just 0.6% the surface pressure of Earth's, incoming meteors are much less prone to breaking up.{{cite news |title=NASA's InSight 'Hears' Its First Meteoroid Impacts on Mars |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-insight-hears-its-first-meteoroid-impacts-on-mars |access-date=3 November 2022 |work=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) |publisher=NASA |date=19 September 2022}} while a {{convert|10|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} asteroid falling over Earth is unlikely to reach the surface intact before being destroyed in a meteor air burst,{{cite web |last1=Marcus |first1=Robert |last2=Melosh |first2=H. Jay |last3=Collins |first3=Gareth |title=Calculated Results (10 meter, 3 g/cm^3 meteor falling over Earth at 25 km/s vertically) |url=https://impact.ese.ic.ac.uk/ImpactEarth/cgi-bin/crater.cgi?dist=0.01&diam=10&pdens=3000&pdens_select=3000&vel=25&theta=90&tdens=2500&tdens_select=0 |website=impact.ese.ic.ac.uk |access-date=3 November 2022}} a {{convert|10|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} asteroid falling over Mars may leave a crater over {{convert|100|m|ft|sp=us}} across, or several smaller craters tens of meters across.{{cite news |title=Pow! Mars Hit By Space Rocks 200 Times a Year |url=https://www.space.com/21198-mars-asteroid-strikes-common.html |access-date=3 November 2022 |work=Space.com |date=20 May 2013 |language=en}}

There is significant observation bias in the locations of discovered impact craters: certain locations on Mars are of much more geological interest, and so are imaged more frequently and in detail than less notable ones. Additionally, many new craters are first noticed by their 'blast zone' of ejecta, which can be 10-100 times the size of the crater itself. However, only certain regions of Mars have subsurface material that can be ejected to create these features; in particular, the Tharsis rise, Olympus Mons, Elysium Mons, and Arabia Terra. As a result, very few impacts have been detected outside of these regions, despite impacts in theory happening randomly across the planet.

Despite these biases, the existing observations of new Martian impacts suggest that asteroids of a given size impacting the planet are about 3 times more common than on Earth and the Moon,{{cite news |last1=Burnham |first1=R. |title=How often does Mars get whacked? |url=http://redplanet.asu.edu/?p=597 |access-date=2 November 2022 |work=Red Planet Report |publisher=ASU |date=30 June 2011}} with roughly 240 {{convert|4|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters and one to seven {{convert|30|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters forming each year{{cite journal |last1=Daubar |first1=I.J. |last2=McEwen |first2=A.S. |last3=Byrne |first3=S. |last4=Kennedy |first4=M.R. |last5=Ivanov |first5=B. |title=The current martian cratering rate |journal=Icarus |date=July 2013 |volume=225 |issue=1 |pages=506–516 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2013.04.009 |bibcode=2013Icar..225..506D |url=https://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~shane/publications/daubar_etal_icarus_2013.pdf |access-date=2 November 2022}} (compared to the observed ~0.8). Larger impactors also seem to be more relatively frequent than on Earth or the Moon (i.e. the size-frequency distribution slope is shallower).{{cite journal |last1=McEwen |first1=A. |last2=Daubar |first2=I. |last3=Ivanov |first3=B. |last4=Obest |first4=J. |last5=Malhotra |first5=R. |last6=JeongAhn |first6=Y. |last7=Byrne |first7=S. |title=CURRENT IMPACT RATE ON EARTH, MOON, AND MARS. |journal=Lunar and Planetary Science Conference |date=2015 |volume=46 |url=https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1854.pdf |access-date=2 November 2022}} If this holds true for larger asteroid sizes, this suggests that Mars may be in a modern impact surge, although atmospheric deceleration of small asteroids might explain the unexpectedly shallow slope, which would become more consistent with predictions for larger asteroids.

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| caption = Map of detected impacts on Mars. Green are notable <{{convert|15|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters, yellow are {{convert|15-20|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters, orange are {{convert|20-50|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters, red are {{convert|50-100|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters, and purple are >{{convert|100|m|ft|adj=on|sp=us}} craters.

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{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=8|lat_deg = 14.760|lon_deg = -129.885}}

{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=8|lat_deg = -4.219|lon_deg = -139.449}}

{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=8|lat_deg = 13.243|lon_deg = -99.047}}

{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=8|lat_deg = 32.294|lon_deg = 28.959}}

{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=8|lat_deg = 9.382|lon_deg = 135.377}}

{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=6|lat_deg = 4.606|lon_deg = 134.087}}

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{{Location map~|Mars|mark = Green pog.svg|marksize=6|lat_deg = 3.974|lon_deg = 136.963}}

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List of notable impacts

The following is a list of detected impact events with a crater size of >15 meters, which excludes most meteoroid impacts (<1 meter asteroids). 10-15 meter craters discovered before 2010 are also included, before the rate of discovering such craters became dozens per year.

class="wikitable sortable"

!colspan="3"|Date{{cite journal |last1=Daubar |first1=Ingrid J. |title=New Craters on Mars: An Updated Catalog |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets |date=2 June 2022 |doi=10.5281/zenodo.6604912 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/6604912 |access-date=1 November 2022}}{{cite journal |last1=Bickel |first1=V. T. |last2=Daubar |first2=I. J. |last3=Zenhäusern |first3=G. |last4=Doran |first4=G. |last5=Charalambous |first5=C. |last6=Fernando |first6=B. |last7=Sokolowska |first7=A. |last8=Wagstaff |first8=K. L. |last9=Pike |first9=T. |last10=Stähler |first10=S. C. |last11=Clinton |first11=J. |last12=Giardini |first12=D. |title=New Impacts on Mars: Systematic Identification and Association With InSight Seismic Events |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |date=16 February 2025 |volume=52 |issue=3 |doi=10.1029/2024GL109133 |url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2024GL109133 |access-date=3 February 2025|doi-access=free }}

!colspan="4"|Details

!colspan="2"|Discovery

!colspan="3"|Location

!rowspan="2"|Notes

Discovery date

!Median
impact date
As the exact impact date isn't known for most craters, the date provided here is midway between the last pre-impact image and the discovery image.

!Uncertainty
(days)

!Crater
diameter
(m)

!Impactor
diameter
(m)
Assuming a meteor velocity of 5-15 km/s, an impact angle of 45°, and a density of 1-3 g/cm3{{cite web |title=Asteroid Impact Crater Calculator - calculates the effects of the impact of an object hitting the earth |url=http://www.convertalot.com/asteroid_impact_calculator.html |website=www.convertalot.com |access-date=1 November 2022}}

!Impactor
mass
(tonnes)

!Ice-exposing?

!Discovery
spacecraft

!Reference
spacecraft

!quadrangle

!Region

!Coordinates

2001-03-192000-08-2220814.40.92–2.81.2–11noMGSMGSMemnoniaLucus Planum{{coord|8.786|S|182.673|E|globe:mars}}
2001-12-052000-09-1344737.32.7–8.029–260noMGSMGSAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|0.933|N|191.746|E|globe:mars}}
2002-10-082002-02-1423619.91.3–4.03.5–34noMGSMGSLunae PalusTharsis Rise{{coord|4.962|N|277.789|E|globe:mars}}
2003-04-151990-07-29464315.30.99–3.01.5–14noMGSViking 1AmazonisOlympus Mons{{coord|22.814|N|219.910|E|globe:mars}}
2003-05-072002-12-0215522.61.5–4.65.5–50noMGSOdysseyArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|20.427|N|3.295|E|globe:mars}}
2003-07-172001-11-1261117.51.1–3.42.3–21noMGSMGSPhoenicis LacusDaedalia Planum{{coord|3.616|S|234.243|E|globe:mars}}
2003-08-202001-07-1177025.21.7–5.18.0–72noOdysseyMGSAmazonisTharsis Rise{{coord|5.469|N|224.353|E|globe:mars}}
2003-12-112002-08-0649124.51.7–5.07.3–65noMGSMGSArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|21.958|N|14.605|E|globe:mars}}
2004-01-272003-11-196912.00.75–2.30.67–6.0noOdysseyOdysseyAmazonisEumenides Dorsum{{coord|1.686|N|199.382|E|globe:mars}}
2004-02-072003-09-1214716.81.1–3.32.1–18noOdysseyMGSTharsisUranius Mons{{coord|27.055|N|268.332|E|globe:mars}}
2004-04-222004-03-074510.60.66–2.00.44–4.0noOdysseyMGSAmazonisTharsis Rise{{coord|5.353|N|223.324|E|globe:mars}}
2004-05-152004-04-192533.52.4–7.121–180noOdysseyOdysseyAmazonisTharsis Rise{{coord|2.479|N|224.105|E|globe:mars}}
2004-06-252003-08-3029910.00.61–1.80.36–3.3noOdysseyOdysseyMemnoniaEumenides Dorsum{{coord|0.755|S|200.066|E|globe:mars}}
2005-01-062003-11-0143258.24.3–13130–1200noOdysseyOdysseyMare AcidaliumArabia Terra{{coord|34.682|N|352.981|E|globe:mars}}
2005-03-212002-04-20106636.42.6–7.727–240noMGSMGSLunae PalusLunae Planum{{coord|5.131|N|290.591|E|globe:mars}}
2005-04-292004-05-0136210.70.66–2.00.46–4.1noMGSMGSArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|28.990|N|26.926|E|globe:mars}}
2005-06-082005-04-066253.94.0–12100–900noMGSMGSCopratesTithoniae Fossae{{coord|2.355|S|278.259|E|globe:mars}}
2005-06-132003-04-1079515.61.0–3.01.6–14noMGSMGSSyrtis MajorTerra Sabaea{{coord|23.087|N|52.879|E|globe:mars}}
2005-06-222004-07-2033710.60.66–2.00.44–4.0noOdysseyOdysseyTharsisTharsis Montes{{coord|3.397|N|253.910|E|globe:mars}}
2005-09-072005-05-0612312.90.82–2.50.85–7.7noExpressExpressLunae PalusLunae Planum{{coord|1.090|N|284.420|E|globe:mars}}
2005-11-262004-12-0135916.71.1–3.32.0–18noOdysseyMGSArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|26.158|N|23.628|E|globe:mars}}
2006-01-062005-06-1021018.61.2–3.72.9–26noMGSOdysseyAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|13.851|N|206.582|E|globe:mars}}
2006-01-122004-09-1248720.81.4–4.24.2–38noMGSMGSTharsisTharsis Montes{{coord|10.375|N|250.216|E|globe:mars}}
2006-01-312006-01-102021.71.5–4.44.8–43noMGSOdysseySyrtis MajorTerra Sabaea{{coord|25.601|N|52.147|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-072005-02-0636612.10.76–2.30.69–6.2noOdysseyOdysseyAmazonisMarte Vallis{{coord|4.771|N|180.145|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-132005-12-255010.60.66–2.00.44–4.0noMGSOdysseyAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|19.774|N|207.425|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-142005-03-2832329.32.0–6.113–120noMGSOdysseyPhoenicis LacusDaedalia Planum{{coord|0.033|S|226.907|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-212006-02-081215.40.99–3.01.5–14noOdysseyOdysseyTharsisCeraunius Tholus{{coord|24.676|N|261.522|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-252006-01-104511.00.68–2.00.50–4.5noExpressExpressPhoenicis LacusNoctis Labyrinthus{{coord|4.370|S|264.598|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-262005-02-2137016.91.1–3.32.1–19noMGSOdysseyLunae PalusTharsis Rise{{coord|13.709|N|275.674|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-262005-09-0417417.71.2–3.52.4–22noMGSExpressArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|28.455|N|25.196|E|globe:mars}}
2006-02-262005-12-078736.82.6–7.828–250noMGSOdysseyTharsisTharsis Montes{{coord|6.989|N|247.914|E|globe:mars}}
2006-07-102005-04-1145411.20.70–2.10.53–4.8noExpressExpressPhoenicis LacusNoctis Labyrinthus{{coord|4.545|S|256.914|E|globe:mars}}
2006-07-132005-10-3025510.80.67–2.00.47–4.2noExpressOdysseyElysiumPhlegra Rise{{coord|29.497|N|155.825|E|globe:mars}}
2007-03-272004-11-2585114.30.91–2.71.2–11noMROOdysseyLunae PalusLabeatis Fossae{{coord|27.613|N|279.526|E|globe:mars}}
2007-04-062006-01-1244913.00.82–2.50.87–7.9noMROOdysseyMargaritifer SinusAureum Chaos{{coord|6.057|S|334.342|E|globe:mars}}
2007-04-142006-09-2619910.10.62–1.90.38–3.4noMROOdysseyPhoenicis LacusDaedalia Planum{{coord|3.107|S|233.105|E|globe:mars}}
2007-10-152007-05-3013710.30.64–1.90.40–3.6noMROMROTharsisTharsis Montes{{coord|16.612|N|246.315|E|globe:mars}}
2007-11-272006-07-2848722.01.5–4.45.1–45maybeMROExpressCebreniaGalaxias Colles{{coord|39.373|N|149.373|E|globe:mars}}
2007-12-202007-07-0217116.01.0–3.11.7–16noMROMROTharsisTharsis Tholus{{coord|14.524|N|268.850|E|globe:mars}}
2008-05-012007-02-2143436.22.6–7.727–240noMROOdysseyMemnoniaMangala Valles{{coord|7.052|S|210.263|E|globe:mars}}
2008-05-072007-01-0748610.30.64–1.90.40–3.6noMROOdysseyTharsisFortuna Fossae{{coord|2.386|N|266.725|E|globe:mars}}
2008-05-092006-11-2053612.30.77–2.30.73–6.5noMROOdysseyPhoenicis LacusTharsis Montes{{coord|1.280|S|250.120|E|globe:mars}}
2008-06-152006-11-1457815.00.96–2.91.4–13noMROExpressIsmenius LacusArabia Terra{{coord|32.747|N|37.632|E|globe:mars}}
2008-06-282006-07-0172812.00.75–2.30.67–6.0yesMROOdysseyDiacriaArcadia Planitia{{coord|46.179|N|188.495|E|globe:mars}}
2008-06-292006-10-1861911.60.72–2.20.60–5.4maybeMROOdysseyDiacriaAcheron Fossae{{coord|40.322|N|221.222|E|globe:mars}}
2008-11-142008-07-2211417.51.1–3.42.3–21noExpressOdysseyTharsisTharsis Montes{{coord|5.455|N|262.318|E|globe:mars}}
2008-12-142007-09-0346810.10.62–1.90.38–3.4noOdysseyExpressTharsisUlysses Fossae{{coord|14.253|N|237.962|E|globe:mars}}
2009-01-022006-12-1375112.40.78–2.30.75–6.7noOdysseyExpressTharsisRhabon Valles{{coord|21.442|N|267.224|E|globe:mars}}
2009-02-182008-01-1639911.10.69–2.10.52–4.6noMROMROElysiumMarte Vallis{{coord|5.543|N|177.891|E|globe:mars}}
2009-04-072007-11-2449910.30.64–1.90.40–3.6noMROExpressPhoenicis LacusNoctis Labyrinthus{{coord|6.325|S|254.717|E|globe:mars}}
2009-05-032007-06-3067315.00.96–2.91.4–13noMROExpressMemnoniaLucus Planum{{coord|5.813|S|190.371|E|globe:mars}}
2009-05-102007-05-1772410.10.62–1.90.38–3.4noMROOdysseyPhoenicis LacusDaedalia Planum{{coord|5.734|S|226.414|E|globe:mars}}
2009-05-202008-03-2542136.02.6–7.726–240noMROMROPhoenicis LacusPavonis Mons{{coord|0.630|S|248.913|E|globe:mars}}
2009-05-222008-09-1225210.70.66–2.00.46–4.1noMROMROTharsisGordii Fossae{{coord|14.760|N|230.115|E|globe:mars}}
2009-06-012007-06-2970316.41.1–3.21.9–17noMROExpressMemnoniaEumenides Dorsum{{coord|1.496|S|200.625|E|globe:mars}}
2009-07-102007-12-0858021.91.5–4.45.0–45noMROOdysseyPhoenicis LacusNoctis Labyrinthus{{coord|7.302|S|258.141|E|globe:mars}}
2009-08-052007-05-0282510.80.67–2.00.47–4.2noMROOdysseyMemnoniaDaedalia Planum{{coord|4.219|S|220.551|E|globe:mars}}
2009-08-162007-12-2460123.31.6–4.76.1–55noMROExpressSyrtis MajorArabia Terra{{coord|29.437|N|49.148|E|globe:mars}}
2009-12-242009-01-0934910.10.62–1.90.38–3.4noMROExpressTharsisTharsis Montes{{coord|13.243|N|260.953|E|globe:mars}}
2009-12-282007-08-0188012.30.77–2.30.73–6.5noMROExpressIsmenius LacusArabia Terra{{coord|32.294|N|28.959|E|globe:mars}}
2010-01-182007-10-3180918.41.2–3.62.8–25noMROExpressSinus SabaeusTerra Sabaea{{coord|1.326|S|30.799|E|globe:mars}}
2010-01-212007-12-2475820.61.4–4.14.1–36noMROExpressPhoenicis LacusNoctis Fossae{{coord|3.792|S|264.801|E|globe:mars}}
2010-01-242009-06-2522733.82.4–7.121–190yesMROOdysseyCebreniaPhlegra Montes{{coord|44.222|N|164.201|E|globe:mars}}
2010-03-252009-03-2536420.01.3–4.03.7–33yesMROOdysseyIsmenius LacusVastitas Borealis{{coord|63.919|N|44.878|E|globe:mars}}
2010-08-202010-05-318017.41.1–3.42.3–21noMROMROCebreniaUtopia Planitia{{coord|41.017|N|126.301|E|globe:mars}}
2010-09-182007-07-02117316.21.1–3.21.8–16noMROOdysseyPhoenicis LacusDaedalia Planum{{coord|8.650|S|225.048|E|globe:mars}}
2010-10-082008-08-3076817.81.2–3.52.5–22noOdysseyExpressLunae PalusEchus Palus{{coord|13.365|N|283.771|E|globe:mars}}
2010-10-232009-08-1743116.11.0–3.11.8–16noOdysseyMROTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|22.774|N|247.591|E|globe:mars}}
2010-11-232010-03-1025817.61.2–3.52.4–22noOdysseyMRODiacriaAcheron Fossae{{coord|35.869|N|230.873|E|globe:mars}}
2012-02-032011-12-046116.11.0–3.11.8–16noMROMROAeolisAvernus Cavi{{coord|4.526|S|172.452|E|globe:mars}}
2012-02-182010-06-2460416.71.1–3.32.0–18noMROMROMemnoniaDaedalia Planum{{coord|1.751|S|221.294|E|globe:mars}}
2012-03-112010-04-0270821.21.4–4.24.5–40noMROOdysseyTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|15.942|N|248.613|E|globe:mars}}
2012-03-262011-12-269124.21.6–4.96.9–62noMROMROMare TyrrhenumTerra Cimmeria{{coord|14.433|S|132.700|E|globe:mars}}
2012-03-282012-03-27048.73.6–1171–640noMROMROAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|3.350|N|219.404|E|globe:mars}}
2012-05-092010-03-0779319.61.3–3.93.4–31noMROExpressArabiaTerra Sabaea{{coord|2.037|N|44.546|E|globe:mars}}
2012-05-162011-06-2033122.81.5–4.65.7–51noMROMROSyrtis MajorTerra Sabaea{{coord|3.680|N|53.428|E|globe:mars}}
2012-07-052010-08-2967516.11.0–3.11.8–16yesMROMRODiacriaErebus Montes{{coord|39.109|N|190.253|E|globe:mars}}
2012-07-122010-05-1279215.30.99–3.01.5–14noMROMROArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|28.603|N|36.855|E|globe:mars}}
2012-10-252010-08-2679118.11.2–3.62.6–24noMROMROSyrtis MajorSyrtis Major Planum{{coord|5.998|N|68.969|E|globe:mars}}
2013-02-112010-07-3092730.22.1–6.315–130noMROOdysseyThaumasiaSolis Planum{{coord|31.391|S|287.907|E|globe:mars}}
2013-06-082012-09-2225916.31.1–3.21.9–17noMROMROIapygiaTerra Sabaea{{coord|6.924|S|66.947|E|globe:mars}}
2013-06-212010-05-29111824.01.6–4.96.7–61noMROMROMare TyrrhenumTerra Cimmeria{{coord|5.367|S|132.138|E|globe:mars}}{{convert|314|km|mi|sp=us}} from
Curiosity rover (not yet landed?)
2013-09-282010-12-12102118.01.2–3.52.6–23no??ElysiumElysium Fossae{{coord|19.511|N|147.353|E|globe:mars}}
2014-02-062013-01-2937215.10.97–2.91.4–13noMROMROArcadiaTempe Fossae{{coord|34.192|N|280.261|E|globe:mars}}
2014-02-192010-12-20115724.01.6–4.96.7–61noMROOdysseyArabiaTerra Sabaea{{coord|14.850|N|43.893|E|globe:mars}}
2014-03-142011-03-17109316.01.0–3.11.7–16noMROMRODiacriaAmazonis Planitia{{coord|32.291|N|212.948|E|globe:mars}}
2014-03-152011-02-15112416.71.1–3.32.0–18noMROExpressArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|29.204|N|22.177|E|globe:mars}}
2014-03-262012-02-1676815.71.0–3.01.6–15noMROOdysseyPhoenicis LacusDaedalia Planum{{coord|13.417|S|225.900|E|globe:mars}}
2014-05-072011-03-20114427.51.9–5.610–91noMROExpressAmenthesIsidis Planitia{{coord|14.710|N|99.806|E|globe:mars}}
2014-05-232009-11-30163515.30.99–3.01.5–14noMROOdysseyLunae PalusSacra Dorsa{{coord|8.201|N|290.434|E|globe:mars}}
2014-07-012011-04-04118421.01.4–4.24.3–39noMROExpressTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|6.254|N|264.444|E|globe:mars}}
2014-11-302013-05-1356515.81.0–3.11.7–15noMROOdysseyTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|8.635|N|239.427|E|globe:mars}}
2015-01-182011-06-06132119.91.3–4.03.5–34noMROMROArabiaArabia Terra{{coord|27.657|N|11.597|E|globe:mars}}
2015-09-092013-08-0276821.81.5–4.44.9–44noMROMROTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|13.122|N|244.189|E|globe:mars}}
2016-02-062011-08-01164915.51.0–3.01.6–14noMROMROAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|24.949|N|193.127|E|globe:mars}}
2016-04-152012-07-02138316.31.1–3.21.9–17noMROMROElysiumElysium Planitia{{coord|25.290|N|155.523|E|globe:mars}}
2016-05-282015-12-2915127.91.9–5.811–100noMROMROTharsisSulci Gordii{{coord|16.659|N|233.284|E|globe:mars}}
2016-05-302013-08-07102748.03.5–1168–610yesMROMROIsmenius LacusTerra Sabaea{{coord|41.464|N|48.765|E|globe:mars}}
2016-06-022012-05-03149116.01.0–3.11.7–16yesMROMROIsmenius LacusIsmeniae Fossae{{coord|41.913|N|36.426|E|globe:mars}}
2016-07-222012-04-09156418.21.2–3.62.7–24noMROExpressAmenthesNepenthes Planum{{coord|11.973|N|126.289|E|globe:mars}}
2016-09-102014-07-1279017.21.1–3.42.2–20noMROMROMemnoniaTerra Sirenum{{coord|15.632|S|181.071|E|globe:mars}}{{convert|321|km|mi|sp=us}} from
Spirit rover (defunct).
2016-10-102012-07-15154736.62.6–7.828–250noMROOdysseyAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|11.042|N|193.009|E|globe:mars}}
2016-11-192013-08-19118715.61.0–3.01.6–14noMROOdysseyElysiumElysium Planitia{{coord|11.311|N|138.279|E|globe:mars}}{{convert|425|km|mi}} from
InSight (not yet landed).
2016-12-022012-12-27143629.62.1–6.214–120noMROMROElysiumMarte Vallis{{coord|7.807|N|176.451|E|globe:mars}}
2017-05-292013-09-08135832.52.3–6.819–170noMROMROTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|9.261|N|241.894|E|globe:mars}}
2017-10-012014-01-25134519.51.3–3.93.4–30noMROMROTharsisOlympus Mons{{coord|14.699|N|227.369|E|globe:mars}}
2017-11-122015-12-0271015.71.0–3.01.6–15noMROMROSyrtis MajorTerra Sabaea{{coord|13.309|N|54.461|E|globe:mars}}
2018-01-112015-02-05107017.51.1–3.42.3–21noMROOdysseyIsmenius LacusTerra Sabaea{{coord|35.591|N|42.506|E|globe:mars}}
2018-03-192013-01-08189519.11.3–3.83.2–28noMROMROMemnoniaDaedalia Planum{{coord|10.122|S|220.782|E|globe:mars}}
2018-04-292014-03-02151923.31.6–4.76.1–55noMROMROSyrtis MajorIsidis Planitia{{coord|21.594|N|88.255|E|globe:mars}}
2018-05-062013-05-28180323.71.6–4.86.5–58noMROMROTharsisUlysses Fossae{{coord|6.209|N|235.245|E|globe:mars}}
2018-05-112012-10-02204715.61.0–3.01.6–14noMROMROSinus SabaeusSchiaparelli Crater{{coord|2.867|S|16.199|E|globe:mars}}
2018-08-282016-10-2467215.61.0–3.01.6–14noMROMROTharsisBiblis Tholus{{coord|1.863|N|236.017|E|globe:mars}}
2018-09-142018-08-172715.30.99–3.01.5–14noMROMROMare AustralePromethei Planum{{coord|81.491|S|41.349|E|globe:mars}}
2018-11-252013-08-22192034.32.4–7.322–200noMROMROArabiaTerra Sabaea{{coord|14.385|N|24.622|E|globe:mars}}
2018-11-262016-08-1483352.93.9–1294–850noMROMRONoachisNoachis Terra{{coord|34.649|S|35.967|E|globe:mars}}
2018-12-032014-04-03170415.51.0–3.01.6–14noMROMROTharsisTharsis Rise{{coord|1.910|N|264.158|E|globe:mars}}
2019-02-042017-11-2943217.31.1–3.42.2–20noMROMROCopratesSinai Planum{{coord|16.419|S|274.739|E|globe:mars}}
2019-06-022018-04-1840917.61.2–3.52.4–22noMROMROPhoenicis LacusNoctis Labyrinthus{{coord|7.379|S|258.229|E|globe:mars}}
2020-01-062019-10-158320.81.4–4.24.2–38noMROMROMargaritifer SinusIazu Crater{{coord|2.718|S|354.863|E|globe:mars}}{{convert|26|km|mi|sp=us}} from
Opportunity rover (defunct).
{{convert|74|km|mi|sp=us}} from
Schiaparelli EDM (crashed).
2020-03-052019-05-2528522.51.5–4.55.3–48no??ElysiumTartarus Colles{{coord|21.478|N|173.27|E|globe:mars}}
2020-05-272020-05-27011.90.75–2.20.65–5.9maybe??ElysiumElysium Planitia{{coord|9.382|N|135.377|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 2.3 marsquake
2020-06-282019-08-0333051.63.8–1187–780noMROMROMare AustralePlanum Australe{{coord|82.030|S|175.703|E|globe:mars}}{{convert|337|km|mi|sp=us}} from
Mars Polar Lander (crashed).
2020-08-012017-09-15105154.24.0–12100–920noMROExpressAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|23.583|N|206.871|E|globe:mars}}
2021-02-182021-02-1803.90.22–0.650.016–0.14no??AmenthesElysium Planitia{{coord|4.606|N|134.087|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 1.4 marsquake
2021-02-192021-02-19021.51.4–4.34.7–42no??ElysiumCerberus Fossae{{coord|9.475|N|163.027|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 2.8 marsquake{{cite journal |last1=Charalambous |first1=Constantinos |last2=Pike |first2=W. Thomas |last3=Fernando |first3=Benjamin |last4=Wójcicka |first4=Natalia |last5=Kim |first5=Doyeon |last6=Froment |first6=Marouchka |last7=Lognonné |first7=Philippe |last8=Woodley |first8=Savana |last9=Ojha |first9=Lujendra |last10=Bickel |first10=Valentin T. |last11=McNeil |first11=Joseph |last12=Collins |first12=Gareth S. |last13=Daubar |first13=Ingrid J. |last14=Horleston |first14=Anna |last15=Banerdt |first15=Bruce |title=New Impacts on Mars: Unraveling Seismic Propagation Paths Through a Cerberus Fossae Impact Detection |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |date=16 February 2025 |volume=52 |issue=3 |doi=10.1029/2024GL110159 |url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2024GL110159 |access-date=3 February 2025|doi-access=free }}
2021-08-312021-08-3107.20.43–1.30.12–1.1no??ElysiumElysium Planitia{{coord|0.397|N|135.688|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 1.6 marsquake
2021-09-052021-09-0506.10.35–1.00.070–0.60noMRO?ElysiumElysium Planitia{{coord|3.974|N|136.963|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 1.2 marsquake{{cite news |title=InSight Detects an Impact for the First Time |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/images/pia25408-insight-detects-an-impact-for-the-first-time |access-date=2 November 2022 |work=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) |publisher=NASA}}{{cite news |title=NASA's InSight 'Hears' Its First Meteoroid Impacts on Mars |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasas-insight-hears-its-first-meteoroid-impacts-on-mars |access-date=2 November 2022 |work=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) |publisher=NASA}}
2021-09-182021-09-18013011–321900–17000noMROMROArcadiaTempe Fossae{{coord|34.80|N|280.12|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight{{cite journal |last1=Posiolova |first1=L. V. |last2=Lognonné |first2=P. |last3=Banerdt |first3=W. B. |last4=Clinton |first4=J. |last5=Collins |first5=G. S. |last6=Kawamura |first6=T. |last7=Ceylan |first7=S. |last8=Daubar |first8=I. J. |last9=Fernando |first9=B. |last10=Froment |first10=M. |last11=Giardini |first11=D. |last12=Malin |first12=M. C. |last13=Miljković |first13=K. |last14=Stähler |first14=S. C. |last15=Xu |first15=Z. |last16=Banks |first16=M. E. |last17=Beucler |first17=É. |last18=Cantor |first18=B. A. |last19=Charalambous |first19=C. |last20=Dahmen |first20=N. |last21=Davis |first21=P. |last22=Drilleau |first22=M. |last23=Dundas |first23=C. M. |last24=Durán |first24=C. |last25=Euchner |first25=F. |last26=Garcia |first26=R. F. |last27=Golombek |first27=M. |last28=Horleston |first28=A. |last29=Keegan |first29=C. |last30=Khan |first30=A. |last31=Kim |first31=D. |last32=Larmat |first32=C. |last33=Lorenz |first33=R. |last34=Margerin |first34=L. |last35=Menina |first35=S. |last36=Panning |first36=M. |last37=Pardo |first37=C. |last38=Perrin |first38=C. |last39=Pike |first39=W. T. |last40=Plasman |first40=M. |last41=Rajšić |first41=A. |last42=Rolland |first42=L. |last43=Rougier |first43=E. |last44=Speth |first44=G. |last45=Spiga |first45=A. |last46=Stott |first46=A. |last47=Susko |first47=D. |last48=Teanby |first48=N. A. |last49=Valeh |first49=A. |last50=Werynski |first50=A. |last51=Wójcicka |first51=N. |last52=Zenhäusern |first52=G. |title=Largest recent impact craters on Mars: Orbital imaging and surface seismic co-investigation |journal=Science |date=28 October 2022 |volume=378 |issue=6618 |pages=412–417 |doi=10.1126/science.abq7704 |pmid=36302013 |bibcode=2022Sci...378..412P |hdl=10044/1/100459 |s2cid=253183826 |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq7704 |access-date=2 November 2022|hdl-access=free }}
2021-12-242021-12-24015012–373100–27000yesMROMROAmazonisAmazonis Planitia{{coord|35.088|N|189.823|E|globe:mars}}Detected by InSight as a
magnitude 4 marsquake{{cite news |last1=Greicius |first1=Tony |title=NASA's InSight Lander Detects Stunning Meteoroid Impact on Mars |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasa-s-insight-lander-detects-stunning-meteoroid-impact-on-mars |access-date=2 November 2022 |publisher=NASA |date=27 October 2022}}{{cite web |title=Candidate Recent Impact Site (ESP_073077_2155) |url=https://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_073077_2155 |website=hirise.lpl.arizona.edu |access-date=2 November 2022}}

Notes

{{reflist|group="note"}}

See also

References

{{reflist}}

{{Mars}}

{{Modern impact events}}

Category:Impact events

Category:Geology of Mars

Category:Mars