Indian Institutes of Management

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After India became independent in 1947, the Planning Commission was entrusted to oversee and direct the development of the nation. India grew rapidly in the 1950s, and in the late 1950s the Commission started facing difficulties in finding suitable managers for the large number of public sector enterprises that were being established in India as a part of its industrial policy. To solve this problem, the Planning Commission in 1959 invited Professor George Robbins of UCLA to help in setting up an All India Institute of Management Studies. Based on his recommendations, the Indian government decided to set up two elite management institutes, named Indian Institutes of Management. Calcutta and Ahmedabad were chosen as the locations for the two new institutes.{{cite web |url=http://www.education.nic.in/tech/IIM-Reviewcommittee.pdf |title=Report of IIM Review Committee |author1=RC Bhargava |author2=Ajit Balakrishnan |author3=Anusua Basu |author4=Ram S Tarneja |author5=Ashok Thakur |access-date=19 March 2010 |publisher=Government of India: Ministry of Human Resource Development |date=25 September 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006173642/http://education.nic.in/tech/IIM-Reviewcommittee.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010 |df=dmy-all }}

The institute at Calcutta was established first, on 13 November 1961,{{cite news| title = Q&A: Shekhar Chaudhury, Director, IIM Calcutta| author = Swati Garg| url = http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/qa-shekhar-chaudhury-director-iim-calcutta/435269/| newspaper = Business Standard| location = Calcutta| date = 12 May 2011| access-date = 17 August 2011| archive-date = 12 October 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121012154515/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/qa-shekhar-chaudhury-director-iim-calcutta/435269/| url-status = live}} and was named Indian Institute of Management Calcutta or IIM Calcutta. It was set up in collaboration with the MIT Sloan School of Management, the government of West Bengal, the Ford Foundation, and Indian industry.{{cite web |url=http://www.iimcal.ac.in/about-iimc |title=About IIMC |access-date=23 February 2012 |publisher=Indian Institute of Management Calcutta |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130183421/http://www.iimcal.ac.in/about-iimc |archive-date=30 January 2012 |df=dmy-all }} The institute at Ahmedabad was established in the following month and was named the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Like MIT Sloan in the case of IIM Calcutta, Harvard Business School played an important role in the initial stages of IIM Ahmedabad.{{cite web |url=https://www.iima.ac.in/web/about-iima |title=About IIMA |access-date=6 May 2020 |publisher=Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223522/https://www.iima.ac.in/web/about-iima/ |url-status=live }}

In 1972, a committee headed by Ravi J. Matthai took note of the success of the two established IIMs and recommended the setting up of two more IIMs. Based on the committee's recommendation, a new IIM, originally intended to cater exclusively to the needs of public sector enterprises, was established in Bangalore (IIM Bangalore) the next year.{{cite web |url=https://www.iimb.ac.in/about-institute/history |title=History | Indian Institute of Management Bangalore |access-date=18 August 2011 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223450/https://www.iimb.ac.in/about-institute/history |url-status=live }} In 1981, the first IIM Review Committee was convened to examine the progress of the three existing IIMs and to make recommendations. The committee noted that the three IIMs were producing around 400 PGP graduates every year and that they had reached their optimum capacity. It proposed the opening of two more IIMs to meet the rising demand for management professionals. It also recommended expanding the Fellowship programmes, similar to PhD programmes, to meet the growing demand for faculty in management schools in India. The fourth IIM, IIM Lucknow, was established in 1984 based on the committee's recommendation.

Two more IIMs, the fifth and sixth, were established at Kozhikode and Indore in 1996.{{cite web |url=http://www.iimk.ac.in/abtiimk/bog.php |title=Board of Governors |website=iimk.ac.in |access-date=6 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828044411/http://iimk.ac.in/abtiimk/bog.php |archive-date=28 August 2011 |df=dmy-all }}{{cite web|url=http://www.iimidr.ac.in/iimi/pages/institute/about-iimi.php |title=Indian Institute of Management Indore – About IIMI |website=iimidr.ac.in |access-date=17 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915052521/http://www.iimidr.ac.in/iimi/pages/institute/about-iimi.php |archive-date=15 September 2011 |df=dmy-all }} IIM Shillong was the seventh IIM to be established, following a 2005 decision by the Government of India;{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/25/stories/2005102506591200.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060216163056/http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/25/stories/2005102506591200.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=16 February 2006 | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Seventh IIM to be set up in Shillong | date=25 October 2005}} its foundation stone was laid on 1 December 2007;{{cite news|title=CAG rap on VIP helipad|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100322/jsp/northeast/story_12244613.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228132056/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100322/jsp/northeast/story_12244613.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 December 2013|access-date=17 February 2012|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=22 March 2010|location=Calcutta, India}} and its first academic session was 2008–09.{{cite web |url= http://www.iimshillong.in/iim-shillong/iim-campus.asp |title=IIM Shillong Campus |website=iimshillong.in |access-date=26 September 2011}} Since 2007, fourteen new IIMs have been set up, bringing the total number of IIMs to 20, IIM-Jammu being the latest one, starting in 2016. In 2023, prestigious National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE), Mumbai, was converted into an IIM, making for a total of 21 IIMs.

The Union Cabinet, on 24 January 2017, approved the bill that became the Indian Institutes of Management Act, 2017, which declares IIMs as Institutes of National Importance and enables them to grant degrees and to further make other important changes to the institute.{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/01/24/cabinet-passes-iim-bill-2017-students-to-get-degrees-instead-of/|title=Cabinet Passes IIM Bill 2017, Students To Get Degrees Instead Of Diplomas|website=Huffington Post India|access-date=2017-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202045556/http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/01/24/cabinet-passes-iim-bill-2017-students-to-get-degrees-instead-of/|archive-date=2 February 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} The IIM bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on 28 July 2017{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/parliament-live-updates-monsoon-session-july-28-2017/article19376604.ece|title=IIM Bill Passed|website=The Hindu|date=28 July 2017 |access-date=28 July 2017|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223505/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/parliament-live-updates-monsoon-session-july-28-2017/article19376604.ece|url-status=live}} and by the Rajya Sabha on 19 December 2017.{{cite news|title=Final and real autonomy for IIMs is here|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/education/final-and-real-autonomy-for-iims-is-here/story-wA5AZDuzj2nIA6nxID3ojJ.html|access-date=26 December 2017|work=Hindustan Times|date=25 December 2017|language=en|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223447/https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/final-and-real-autonomy-for-iims-is-here/story-wA5AZDuzj2nIA6nxID3ojJ.html|url-status=live}} After receiving presidential assent, the IIM bill became an Act on 31 December 2017.{{cite news|title=IIMs can now award degrees instead of diplomas|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/iims-can-now-award-degrees-instead-of-diplomas-new-law/articleshow/62324997.cms|access-date=8 January 2018|work=The Economic Times|date=1 January 2018|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223522/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/iims-can-now-award-degrees-instead-of-diplomas-new-law/articleshow/62324997.cms|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/iims-can-now-award-degrees-instead-of-diplomas-new-law/articleshow/62324997.cms|title=IIMs can now award degrees instead of diplomas|date=2018|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-09-17}}

In the 2023 Union Budget grants to the IIMs were cut in half. Heads of IIMs and B-schools said this would effect the newer IIMs disproportionately.{{Cite web |title=IIM funding slashed by 50% in Union Budget 2023-24 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/iim-funding-slashed-by-50-in-union-budget-2023-24-2330431-2023-02-04 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=India Today |date=4 February 2023 |language=en}}

The IIMs mainly offer undergraduate/ postgraduate, postgraduate, doctoral, and executive education programs. Some programs offered by all IIMs are similar; however, some IIMs offer unique programs for specialized purposes.

All IIMs offer a two-year full-time Post Graduate Program in Management (PGP), equivalent to a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree.{{cite web |url=http://www.iimb.ernet.in/programmes/post_graduate/pgp |title=Post Graduate Program in Management |access-date=17 August 2016 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223456/https://www.iimb.ac.in/index.php |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/543045/distinguishing-mba-pgdm.html |title=Distinguishing MBA from PGDM |newspaper=Deccan Herald |date=28 April 2016 |access-date=17 August 2016 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223453/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/543045/distinguishing-mba-pgdm.html |url-status=live }}{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/education/pgdm-or-mba-dilemma-continues/article1702196.ece |title=PGDM or MBA, dilemma continues |newspaper=The Hindu |date=20 April 2011 |access-date=17 August 2016 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223525/https://www.thehindu.com/features/education/PGDM-or-MBA-dilemma-continues/article14690285.ece |url-status=live }} The program is considered the flagship program of IIMs, and awards the Master of Business Administration (MBA) to successful candidates. Since 2018, all the IIMs have started granting MBA degrees for this flagship program.{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/degree-or-diploma-iims-free-to-choose-says-hrd/articleshow/63628468.cms?from=mdr|title=Degree or diploma? IIMs free to choose, says HRD|date=2018-04-05|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-04-12|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223530/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/degree-or-diploma-iims-free-to-choose-says-hrd/articleshow/63628468.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}

This program is usually structured into six trimesters spread across two years, starting in June and running until April of the second year. The first-year coursework generally consists of core courses in various management disciplines, while in the second year, students are allowed to select courses from an exhaustive list of electives. The PGP is a general, fully integrated management program with no specialization, and typically includes courses in:

• accounting,
• behavioral science,
• finance,
• economics,
• human resource management (HRM),
• management sciences and information technology,
• marketing,
• business operations,
• business mathematics,
• public policy,
• statistics and decision analysis,
• strategy, and
• general management.

The 2-year MBA programs offered by IIMs at:

• Bangalore,
• Ahmedabad,
• Calcutta,
• Udaipur,
• Lucknow and
• Indore

are often termed as Master's in Management (MIM) internationally and are often placed around top 100 Master's in Management programs across the world since inception.

To compete on the global stage, the premier IIMs found the necessity to start MBA programs that would be ranked globally at par with the MBA programs of Harvard (Harvard Business School of Harvard University) and Wharton (The Wharton School of Business of the University of Pennsylvania). Within a decade of their inception, the one-year MBA programs have catapulted the position of the top IIMs to within the top 50 global MBA list. Since 2006, IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore, IIM Calcutta, IIM Lucknow, IIM Indore, IIM Kozhikode, IIM Shillong and IIM Udaipur have started offering the one-year, full-time postgraduate programs for professionals having approximately 5 years or more of work experience, which are a unique addition to the bucket of flagship programs which adds experienced professionals who add valued experience to the system of full-time MBA.

The one-year program was necessitated because the normal 2-year program is primarily aimed at new graduates or graduates with less than 4–5 years of work experience. The 1-year programs are general, fully integrated management programs with no specialization, and typically include the same courses as offered in a typical 2-year MBA program. These intensive programs typically require 75 credits or around 750 hours of classroom teaching along with projects and other coursework as in a normal 2-year MBA program. The flagship 1-year MBA programs offered by IIMs at Bangalore, Ahmedabad and Calcutta are often termed as Global MBAs internationally and have been ranked within the top 50 Global MBA programs across the world since their inception.{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/management/rigour-of-a-global-2-year-mba-in-one-year-113011600095_1.html|website=Business Standard|title=Rigour of a global 2-year MBA in one year|date=January 16, 2013|author=Shikhar Mohan|access-date=20 April 2014|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223510/https://www.business-standard.com/article/management/rigour-of-a-global-2-year-mba-in-one-year-113011600095_1.html|url-status=live}}

Designed as a regular MBA program, which focuses on using the prior work experience of the students, the one-year Executive MBA is named differently by different IIMs. It is called Post Graduate Program for Executives at IIM Calcutta and IIM Shillong (PGPEX for short), and at IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Udaipur (PGPX for short). It is called an Executive Post Graduate Program (EPGP) at IIM Bangalore and IIM Indore, and International Program in Management for Executives (IPMX) at IIM Lucknow. All these programs admit only candidates with 5 or more years of professional experience and usually use a combination of GMAT score, essays, and personal interviews as entry criteria, similar to other globally reputed MBA programs. The median GMAT score of the batches at IIM Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Calcutta, Indore and IIM Udaipur is usually above 700 and compares with the best in the world.{{cite web |url=http://www.iimb.ernet.in/postgraduate/epgp/admission/information |title=Admission Information |access-date=18 August 2011 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223500/https://www.iimb.ac.in/index.php |url-status=live}}

Other than these general variants, many IIMs offer specialty programmes built which focus on different areas, e.g. Post Graduate Programme in Sustainable Management (PGP-SM) at IIM Lucknow,{{cite web|url=http://www.iiml.ac.in/programme/post-graduate-programmes/pgp-sm|title=PGP-SM - IIM Lucknow|access-date=21 July 2019|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223456/http://www.iiml.ac.in/programme/post-graduate-programmes/pgp-sm|url-status=live}} Post Graduate Programme in Human Resource Management (PGPHRM) at IIM Ranchi{{cite web|url=http://www.iimranchi.ac.in/?page_id=1014|title=PGDHRM - IIM Ranchi|access-date=9 June 2013|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223504/https://iimranchi.ac.in/|url-status=live}} and many more.

Five IIMs, IIM Indore and IIM Rohtak, IIM Jammu, IIM Bodh Gaya and IIM Ranchi also offer five-year integrated programs.{{Cite web|url=https://www.iimidr.ac.in/academic-programmes/five-year-integrated-programme-in-management-ipm/|title=Five Year Integrated Programme in Management (IPM)|website=भारतीय प्रबंध संस्थान इंदौर - IIM Indore|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-12|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223444/https://www.iimidr.ac.in/academic-programmes/five-year-integrated-programme-in-management-ipm/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.iimrohtak.ac.in/index.php/programmes/ipm/about-ipm|title=About IPM|website=www.iimrohtak.ac.in|access-date=2019-04-12|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223529/https://www.iimrohtak.ac.in/index.php/programmes/ipm/about-ipm|url-status=live}} Students join this program after high school (class XII). The program is called IPM (Integrated Programme in Management) at both the institutes. The course structures are similar though not same at both the institutes. For three years, students focus on "statistics, economics and humanities", joining the post-graduate cohort in years 4 and 5. IIM Indore established its program in 2011 and IIM Rohtak in 2019. They were followed by IIM Ranchi, IIM Jammu and IIM Bodhgaya in 2021. IIM Indore awards program graduates both BA (Foundations of Management) and MBA. IIM Rohtak awards the BBA/MBA to five-year graduates and BBA to students who opt-out after three years.

IIMs offer a Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) as a full-time DBA Programme . This programme is aimed at preparing students for careers in teaching or research in different disciplines of management, as well as for careers outside academics that demand a high degree of investigative and analytical ability. A student who completes this programme at any IIM, where (s)he is registered as a doctoral scholar, is awarded the title of Fellow Member (e.g. Fellow Member of the Indian Institutes of Management). This Fellow Programme is equivalent to the DBA degree. Students receiving such a fellowship every year, across all IIMs, work in close association with one another in specific research areas of their choice.

Many IIMs offer Executive MBA programme targeted at working professionals. These are often short-term or part-time programmes and are known by various names such as Management Development Programme (MDP), Advanced Masters Program in Management of Global Enterprises (AMPM), and Executive General Management Programme (EGMP). The certificate programmes at IIMs are not considered equivalent to an Executive MBA offered by the IIMs . Only the diploma-level programmes are considered equivalent, depending on whether it is full-time or part-time. Many IIMs—such as IIMC, IIMB, IIMK, IIM Kashipur, and IIM Rohtak—have partnered with third-party companies to enable these courses to be provided under a distributed model.

Some IIMs offer specialised programmes targeted at various management segments. IIM Ahmedabad offers a six-month, full-time programme called the Armed Forces Programme (AFP) aimed at military personnel. IIM Ahmedabad and IIM Bangalore offer full-time programmes in public administration and public policy are called the Post Graduate Programme in Public Management and Policy (PGP-PMP) and Post Graduate Programme in Public Policy Management (PGPPM), respectively for civil servants of the Indian Administrative Service cadre. IIM Bangalore offers a two-year, part-time programme called the Post-Graduate Programme in Software Enterprise Management (PGPSEM),{{cite web|url=http://www.iimb.ernet.in/node/2021/|title=Distinctive Features of PGSEM - Indian Institute of Management Bangalore|access-date=28 March 2013|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223557/https://www.iimb.ac.in/index.php|url-status=live}} an executive general-management education programme designed for the specific needs of professionals working in the software and information technology industry. IIM Indore offers a 5-year Integrated Programme in Management (IPM) that leads to a combined undergraduate-cum-graduate diploma.{{cite web|url=http://www.iimidr.ac.in/iimi/pages/programmes_main/ipm.php|title=Five Year Integrated Programme in Management (IPM) IIM Indore| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721100753/http://www.iimidr.ac.in/iimi/pages/programmes_main/ipm.php|archive-date=2011-07-21|url-status=dead}} IIM Ranchi is the first and only IIM to offer a full-time Post Graduate Diploma in Human Resource Management (PGDHRM) programme. IIM Bangalore offers a two-year Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship to "promote skill development in district economies".{{cite web |title=Mahatma Gandhi National Fellowship |url=https://www.iimb.ac.in/mgnf |website=Indian Institute of Management Bangalore |date=2 January 2020 |access-date=22 January 2020 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223519/https://www.iimb.ac.in/mgnf |url-status=live }}

Different programmes of IIMs follow different admission processes. Admission for residents of India to the two-year PGP programmes at all IIMs is based on the Common Admission Test (CAT). CAT scores are often used as the primary short-listing criteria for admissions. International/overseas applicants have the option to apply using GMAT scores in lieu of CAT scores.{{cite web|title=How to apply|url=http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/programmes/pgp/how-to-apply/admission-procedure.html|website=IIM Ahmedabad|access-date=22 February 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106125206/http://iimahd.ernet.in/programmes/pgp/how-to-apply/admission-procedure.html|archive-date=6 January 2012|df=dmy-all}} GMAT scores are a prerequisite short-listing criteria used for admission to the one-year full-time programme for experienced executives.{{cite web|title=Eligibility|url=http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/programmes/pgpx/how-to-apply/eligibility-criteria.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105141856/http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/programmes/pgpx/how-to-apply/eligibility-criteria.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 January 2011|website=IIM Ahmedabad|access-date=22 February 2012}}{{cite web|title=Eligibility|url=http://www.iiml.ac.in/post_graduate_program_ipmx_eligibility.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100717121219/http://www.iiml.ac.in/post_graduate_program_ipmx_eligibility.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 July 2010|website=IIM Lucknow|access-date=22 February 2012}} Test requirements for doctoral programmes vary. Some IIMs require candidates to make a presentation of a broad research idea or take a Research Aptitude Test (RAT) followed by a round of interviews while all are compelled to accept scores on standardised tests such as the CAT, GATE, GMAT, and GRE. The overall profiles of candidates, including past academic and professional accomplishments, are considered for all programmes, along with valid standard test scores. Some programmes require essays and academic or professional recommendations. The final round of admission evaluations involves an interview, before which some IIMs conduct other evaluation processes like written assessment tests and group discussions.

{{Main|Common Admission Test}}

The Common Admission Test (CAT) is a management aptitude test conducted by the IIMs primarily as an evaluation tool for admission to their two-year PGP programmes. It is widely considered one of the most competitive exams in the world,{{cite web |title=CAT Common Admission Test (IIMs) – Most Popular MBA Entrance Exam in India |url=http://www.successcds.net/mbaentranceexam/CAT/Common-Admission-Test.htm |website=successcds.net |access-date=17 February 2012 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223527/https://www.successcds.net/mbaentranceexam/CAT/Common-Admission-Test.htm |url-status=live }} with a success rate of around one in two hundred.{{cite web|title=Chances of IIM seat get slimmer |url=http://inhome.rediff.com/money/2008/aug/07iim.htm |work=Rediff.com |access-date=17 February 2012 |last1=Mumbai |first1=Kalpana Pathak in }} Even with the recent addition of new colleges, in 2013 the acceptance rate at IIMs was 1.714%, one of the lowest in the world.{{cite web |title=What is the world toughest business School to get into ? - It is not Harvard |url=http://studyn.us/2014/06/18/worlds-toughest-business-school-get-harvard/ |website=studyn.us |access-date=18 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140909135000/http://studyn.us/2014/06/18/worlds-toughest-business-school-get-harvard/ |archive-date=9 September 2014 |url-status=dead }}

Originally conducted as a paper-and-pencil test given on a particular date all over India, in 2009 CAT began being given as a computer-based assessment operated by Prometric.{{cite news |url= http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1050650.ece |title= Business Line : Today's Paper / ECONOMY : CAT to go online from this year |newspaper= Business Line |access-date= 30 November 2011 |archive-date= 2 January 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223601/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/cat-to-go-online-from-this-year/article1050650.ece |url-status= live }} In 2014, TCS received a 5-year contract to conduct the test. The online test is now given over a period of a few weeks.

In August 2011, the six newer IIMs (Raipur, Rohtak, Ranchi, Udaipur, Trichy and Kashipur) announced that in the coming year they will replace the group-discussion round with a common written analysis test to evaluate communication and comprehension skill. The seven older IIMs did not announce plans to change the admission process.{{cite web |url=http://www.livemint.com/2011/08/09234233/New-IIMs-set-to-break-traditio.html |title=New IIMs set to break tradition, scrap group discussion round - Home - livemint.com |first=Prashant K. |last=Nanda |location=New Delhi |website=livemint.com |access-date=10 August 2011 |date=9 August 2011 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223534/https://www.livemint.com/2011/08/09234233/new-iims-set-to-break-traditio.html |url-status=live }}

The admissions for the two-year full-time programme is done by shortlisting based on CAT scores in conjunction with candidate profile suitability. This is followed by evaluation of essays and a panel-interview round. The quality of prior work experience and future leadership potential is a critical factor in the selections.{{cite web|title=FAQs|url=http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/programmes/pgpx/how-to-apply/faq.html#faq04|website=IIM Ahmedabad|access-date=17 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213190527/http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/programmes/pgpx/how-to-apply/faq.html#faq04|archive-date=13 February 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}{{cite web|title=Admission Information|url=http://www.iimb.ernet.in/postgraduate/epgp/admission/information|website=IIM Bangalore|access-date=17 February 2012}}{{cite web|title=Eligibiliy and Selection Criteria|url=https://www.iimcal.ac.in/programs/pgpex/admissions/eligibility-criteria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728191722/https://www.iimcal.ac.in/programs/pgpex/admissions/eligibility-criteria|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 July 2021|website=IIM Calcutta|access-date=17 February 2012}}

IIMs also follow a quota system, as per the provisions of the Indian constitution. As per the provisions, 15% of the seats are reserved for students of Scheduled Castes, and 7.5% for Scheduled Tribes. Since 2008, the Other Backward Classes have also been given 27% reservation and Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) have up to 10% reservation, after the Supreme Court of India upheld the validity of relevant government regulation. The provisions are being implemented in a phased manner due to resource constraints. All aspirants have to take the Common Admission Test which consists of an objective-type exam, a group-discussion round, and personal interviews, with the cut-off for reserved-category candidates being possibly lower than for general-category candidates. Once admitted to a programme, a reserved category student has to meet all the criteria for completing the programme as a general-category student. Regular counselling sessions, extra classes, and tutorials, by senior students, for needy students are a regular feature of the IIMs.{{cite web|url=http://www.mbauniverse.com/article.php?id=3613|title=IIM student & alumnus to answer queries on Live Expert Chat|publisher=mbauniverse.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923161108/http://www.mbauniverse.com/article.php?id=3613|archive-date=23 September 2010 }}{{cite web|title=IIM USA|url=http://www.iimusa.org/|website=iimusa.org|access-date=17 February 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225175553/http://www.iimusa.org/|archive-date=25 February 2012|df=dmy-all}} IIMs provide financial support to needy and deserving students in the form of scholarships.{{cite web|title=IIM Society|url=https://sites.google.com/a/iim-alumni.org/www/home|website=iim-alumni.org|access-date=17 February 2012}}

In 2004, IIM fees were adjusted by the HRE to {{INRConvert|30|k|year=2004}} annually.{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/bline/2004/02/06/stories/2004020602320100.htm|title=The Hindu Business Line : Govt slashes IIM course fees to Rs 30,000|last=ndgks|website=www.thehindubusinessline.com|access-date=2018-09-17|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223533/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/article28848486.ece|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/2004/01/02/stories/2004010210901200.htm|title=HRD Ministry to rationalise IIMs' fees|access-date=2018-09-17|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223622/https://www.thehindu.com/archive/print/2004/01/02/|website=The Hindu|date=2004-01-02|url-status=live}}

However as of 2023 the total fees for the 2-year program, ranged from {{INRConvert|20|l|year=2023}} to {{INRConvert|30|l|year=2023}}{{Cite news |date=2023-09-06 |title=IIM-Mumbai to levy Rs 10.2 lakh, fees at lower end of the spectrum |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/iim-mumbai-to-levy-rs-10-2-lakh-fees-at-lower-end-of-the-spectrum/articleshow/103410927.cms |access-date=2023-11-06 |issn=0971-8257}} Inflation in India{{cite web |title=Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) – India |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?locations=IN |website=The World Bank |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223539/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?locations=IN |url-status=live }}{{cite web |title=Historic inflation India - CPI inflation |url=http://www.inflation.eu/inflation-rates/india/historic-inflation/cpi-inflation-india.aspx |website=inflation.eu |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223546/https://www.inflation.eu/en/inflation-rates/india/historic-inflation/cpi-inflation-india.aspx |url-status=live }} has been cited as one of the reasons for the fee hikes at IIMs.{{cite news |last1=Basu |first1=Sreeradha D |last2=Shinde |first2=Ranjit Shinde |title=Fees in top B-schools to rise by Rs 46K-3.2 lakh, depending on the institute |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2016-04-09/news/72186338_1_19-lakh-management-development-institute-indian-institute |date=9 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919081715/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2016-04-09/news/72186338_1_19-lakh-management-development-institute-indian-institute |archive-date=19 September 2016 |newspaper=The Economic Times |access-date=10 September 2016}}{{cite web |title=Inflation forces IIM to hike fees |url=http://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2014/11/inflation-forces-iim-to-hike-fees/ |date=20 November 2014 |website=Digital Learning |access-date=11 February 2019 |archive-date=2 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223551/https://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2014/11/inflation-forces-iim-to-hike-fees/ |url-status=live }}

The fees of the college is influenced by the age and performance of the institute. For example IIM C, the oldest IIM in the country had a total course fees of {{INRConvert|27|l|year=2023}} for the academic year 2022-24. While IIM Jammu, the youngest IIM had a total course fees of {{INRConvert|17.15|l|year=2023}}.{{Cite web |title=MBA (2023-2025) Fee Structure {{!}} Official Website of IIM Jammu{{!}} Indian Institute of Management Jammu |url=https://www.iimj.ac.in/programs/post-graduate-program-pgp/fee-structure-and-financing |access-date=2023-11-06 |website=www.iimj.ac.in}}

The IIMs also have several executive programs for working executives and professionals. The full-time executive program at IIM Udaipur launched in 2019 had a fees of {{INRConvert|15.8|l}} while the data analytics program was {{INRConvert|21|l}}.{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/education/iims-roll-out-specific-post-graduate-programmes-in-business-data-analytics-119100700538_1.html|title=IIMs roll out specific post-graduate programmes in business, data analytics|last=Umarji|first=Vinay|date=2019-10-07|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2019-11-14|archive-date=17 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017104918/https://www.business-standard.com/article/education/iims-roll-out-specific-post-graduate-programmes-in-business-data-analytics-119100700538_1.html|url-status=live}} The same year IIM Lucknow's 6-month data analytics program costs {{INRConvert|2.49|l}} while its analytics program for finance professionals costed {{INRConvert|1.43|l}}.{{Cite web|url=https://www.mileseducation.com/analytics/|title=Miles Education Analytics {{!}} IIM Analytics course at IIM Lucknow, Noida. Join the IIM Lucknow Business Analytics Program|website=www.mileseducation.com|access-date=2019-11-14|archive-date=17 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017104921/https://www.mileseducation.com/analytics/|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.mileseducation.com/finance/iim-lucknow-analytics|title=Miles Education {{!}} The only IIM executive program for working professionals in finance and accounting|website=www.mileseducation.com|access-date=2019-11-14}}{{Cite web|url=https://indiaeducationdiary.in/wiley-launches-wileynxt-executive-education-program-in-collaboration-with-iim-lucknow/|title=Wiley launches WileyNXT Executive Education Program in collaboration with IIM-Lucknow|last=Admin|first=India Education Diary Bureau|date=2019-10-04|website=India Education Diary|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-14|archive-date=2 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102223554/https://indiaeducationdiary.in/wiley-launches-wileynxt-executive-education-program-in-collaboration-with-iim-lucknow/|url-status=live}}

The following data{{cite web|url=https://www.iima.ac.in/sites/default/files/2023-03/IIMA%20Annual%20Report%202022%20English%20Email%20Version_0.pdf|title=60th Annual Report 2021-2022|publisher=Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad|website=www.iima.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127080751/https://www.iima.ac.in/sites/default/files/2023-03/IIMA%20Annual%20Report%202022%20English%20Email%20Version_0.pdf|archive-date=27 November 2023|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/annual_report_he/AR_IIM_Bangalore_2021_22.pdf|title=47th Annual Report 2021-2022|publisher=Indian Institute of Management Bangalore|website=www.education.gov.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118101648/https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/annual_report_he/AR_IIM_Bangalore_2021_22.pdf|archive-date=18 November 2023|url-status=live}}{{cite web | url=https://www.iimcal.ac.in/annual-reports-0 | title=Annual Reports | IIM Calcutta }}{{cite web|url=https://www.iiml.ac.in/sites/default/files/2022-12/IIM_Lucknow_21-22_English_221222.pdf|title=Annual Report 2021-2022|publisher=Indian Institute of Management Lucknow|website=iiml.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706134114/https://iiml.ac.in/sites/default/files/2022-12/IIM_Lucknow_21-22_English_221222.pdf|archive-date=6 July 2024|url-status=live}}https://www.iimidr.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/Annual-Report2021-22.pdf

{{dead link|date=April 2025}}{{cite web|url=https://iimk.ac.in/uploads/userfiles/ANNUAL%20REPORTS%20-%202021-22(1).pdf|title=Annual Report 2021-2022|publisher=Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode|website=iimk.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241218161717/https://iimk.ac.in/uploads/userfiles/ANNUAL%20REPORTS%20-%202021-22(1).pdf|archive-date=18 December 2024|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8890.pdf|title=Data Submitted by Institution for India Rankings 2023 - Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad|publisher=Ministry of Education|website=www.nirfindia.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250108152359/https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8890.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2025|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8903.pdf|title=Data Submitted by Institution for India Rankings 2023 - Indian Institute of Management Bangalore|publisher=Ministry of Education|website=www.nirfindia.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250109002215/https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8903.pdf|archive-date=9 January 2025|url-status=live}}https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8972.pdf

{{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8959.pdf|title=Data Submitted by Institution for India Rankings 2023 - Indian Institute of Management Lucknow|publisher=Ministry of Education|website=www.nirfindia.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250108191950/https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8959.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2025|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8918.pdf|title=Data Submitted by Institution for India Rankings 2023 - Indian Institute of Management Indore|publisher=Ministry of Education|website=www.nirfindia.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250108130306/https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8918.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2025|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8909.pdf|title=Data Submitted by Institution for India Rankings 2023 - Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode|publisher=Ministry of Education|website=www.nirfindia.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250108171246/https://www.nirfindia.org/nirfpdfcdn/2023/pdf/Management/IR-M-S-8909.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2025|url-status=live}} pertains to the older six IIMs (Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Kolkatta, Lucknow, Indore, Kozhikode):

As IIMs are considered as not-for-profit institutions, IIMs do not pay any 'corporate tax' to the Income Tax Department, Government of India. In 2023, the corporate tax in India was approximately 25% in the 2020s.{{cite web | url=https://www.incometax.gov.in/iec/foportal/help/company/return-applicable | title=Domestic Company for AY 2023-24 }}

In 2023, the fee charged by the older six IIMs (ABCLIK) were in the range of approximately 21 - 26 lakhs for the two year full-time PG programme/ MBA. The fee charged by these IIMs were 22-26 times India's annual per capita income (Rs. 96,522 in 2022-23, at constant prices).{{cite web | url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1945144 | title=Per Capita Income }}{{cite web | url=https://iced.niti.gov.in/economy-and-demography/key-economic-indicators/socio-economic | title=India Climate & Energy Dashboard }} Globally, this places IIMs amongst any of the institutions that charge the highest fee from its citizens, with reference to the annual per capita income of the nation.

In 2016, a constitution bench of the Supreme Court of India mentioned that “Education is... ...a noble ‘occupation’... those who establish and are managing the educational institutions are not expected to indulge in profiteering or commercialise this noble activity.” The Supreme Court also mentioned that “... the occupation of education cannot be treated at par with other economic activities.”.{{cite web|url=https://main.sci.gov.in/judgment/judis/43584.pdf|title=Civil Appeal No. 4060 of 2009|publisher=Supreme Court of India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118101648/https://main.sci.gov.in/judgment/judis/43584.pdf|archive-date=18 November 2023|url-status=dead}}

• Indian Ethos in Management
• Indian Institutes of Technology
• National Institutes of Technology

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{commons category|Indian Institutes of Management}}

• [https://www.education.gov.in/en/iims IIM, Ministry of Education, Government of India]
• [https://iimcat.ac.in/ Common Admission Test]

{{Indian Institutes of Management}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian Institutes Of Management}}

Category:Business schools in India

Category:1961 establishments in India

Category:Universities and colleges established in 1961

Category:Government universities and colleges in India