Ischaemum

{{Short description|Genus of grasses}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|name = Murainagrass

|image = Ischaemum species W2 IMG_2174.jpg

|image_caption = Ischaemum sp. in Goa, India

|display_parents = 4

|taxon = Ischaemum

|authority = L.

|type_species = Ischaemum muticum

|type_species_authority = L.lectotype designated by Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 193. 1929[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40031710 Tropicos, Ischaemum L]

|synonyms_ref =

|synonyms = {{Specieslist

|Argopogon|Mimeur

|Arthrolophis|Chiov.

|Colladoa|Cav.

|Digastrium|(Hack.) A.Camus

|Ischaemopogon|Griseb.

|Meoschium|P.Beauv.

|Schoenanthus|Adans.

}}

}}

Ischaemum is a genus in the tribe Andropogoneae, belonging to the grass family, widespread in tropical and semitropical regions in many countries.[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/359070#page/491/mode/1up Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 1049] in LatinCatasus Guerra, L. 1997. Las gramíneas (Poaceae) de Cuba, I. Fontqueria 46: [i–ii], 1–259{{Cite journal |last=Landge |first=Shahid Nawaz |date=30 June 2021 |title=Ischaemum mistryi (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): A new remarkable species from Sub-Tropical Evergreen Forest, India |url=https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.3.2 |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=509 |issue=3 |pages=272–280 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.509.3.2 |bibcode=2021Phytx.5099.3.2L |s2cid=237778210 |via=Magnolia Press|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last=Landge |first=Shahid Nawaz |date=18 February 2022 |title=Ischaemum dioecum (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): the most strangest new species from Northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India |url=https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.533.5.1 |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=533 |issue=5 |pages=237–255 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.533.5.1 |s2cid=246994613 |via=Magnolia Press|doi-access=free |bibcode=2022Phytx.533..237L |url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Landge |first1=Shahid Nawaz |last2=Shinde |first2=Rajendra D. |date=2023-10-06 |title=On the identity and distribution of Ischaemum flumineum (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India |url=https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.619.2.6 |journal=Phytotaxa |language=en |volume=619 |issue=2 |pages=182–188 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.619.2.6 |bibcode=2023Phytx.619..182L |issn=1179-3163|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last=Landge |first=Shahid Nawaz |date=7 February 2024 |title=On the identity of Ischaemum elimalayanum (Poaceae: Andropogoneae: Ischaemineae) with brief taxonomic notes on some allied congeners from India |url=https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.636.2.1 |journal=Phytotaxa |volume=636 |issue=2 |pages=111–125 |doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.636.2.1 |bibcode=2024Phytx.636..111L |via=www.researchgate.net/publication/378010597_On_the_identity_of_Ischaemum_elimalayanum_Poaceae_Andropogoneae_Ischaemineae_with_brief_taxonomic_notes_on_some_allied_congeners_from_India|url-access=subscription }} Many species are known commonly as murainagrass.

In 2022, [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shahid-Nawaz-17?ev=hdr_xprf Shahid Nawaz] (an agrostologist, The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT)) described an unusual species in the genus characterised by its dioecious breeding system, it was named as Ischaemum dioecum [https://www.ipni.org/a/20046653-1 Landge] & R.D. Shinde. This species is endemic to a couple of locations in Western Ghats of Raigad district, Maharashtra, India. The male and female plants are sexually separate individuals and occupy similar ecological niches. This is the only dioecious species in the tribe Andropogoneae.