Isopisthus

Isopisthus Was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1862 by the American biologist Theodore Gill with Ancylodon parvipinnis, originally described by Georges Cuvier in 1830 with its type locality given as Cayenne, designated as its type species.{{Cof genus|genus=Isopisthus|access-date=12 May 2023}} This genus has been placed in the subfamily Cynoscioninae by some workers,{{cite journal | author = Kunio Sasaki | year = 1989 | title = Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes) | journal = Memoirs of the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University | volume = 36 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 1–137 | url = https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/21886/1/36(1_2)_P1-137.pdf}} but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae which it places in the order Acanthuriformes.{{cite book |title=Fishes of the World |edition=5th |author1=J. S. Nelson |author2=T. C. Grande |author3=M. V. H. Wilson |year=2016 |pages=497–502 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-118-34233-6 |url=https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |access-date=2023-05-12 |archive-date=2019-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408194051/https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |url-status=dead }}

Isopisthus is a combination of isos, meaning "equal", and opisthen, which means "behind", an allusion to the soft-rayed part of the dorsal fin and anal fin of the bigtooth corvina being almost equal in length.{{cite web | url = https://etyfish.org/eupercaria/ | title = Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | editor1 = Christopher Scharpf | editor2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp | date = 9 March 2023 | access-date = 12 May 2023 | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara | archive-date = 17 February 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220217162719/https://etyfish.org/eupercaria/ | url-status = dead }}

Isopisthus has 2 extant species classified within it:{{FishBase genus|genus=Isopisthus|month=February|year=2023}}

• Isopisthus parvipinnis (Cuvier, 1830) (Bigtooth corvina)
• Isopisthus remifer Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 (Silver weakfish)

An extinct species was described in 2016 from the Río Banano Formation of Costa Rica:{{cite journal | last1 = Aguilera | first1 = Orangel | last2 = Schwarzhans | first2 = Werner | last3 = Béarez | first3 = Philippe | name-list-style = & | year = 2016 | title = Otoliths of the Sciaenidae from the Neogene of tropical America | journal = Palaeo Ichthyologica | volume = 14 | pages = 7–90 | url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301301677}}

• {{extinct}}Isopisthus acer Aguilera, Schwarzans & Béarez, 2016

Isopisthus species have an elongated and highly compressed body. They have large eyes and an oblique mouth which has the lower jaw clearly protruding. There are no barbels or pores on the chin. The upper jaw has a pair of robust, curved cacine-like teeth at its tip. The margin of the preoperculum has small serrations and the upper angle of the operculum is incised. The dorsal fin is divided in two separate parts, with a gap between each part. The anal fin is supported by 2 short spines and between 16 and 20 soft rays. The scales are cycloid and the soft-rayed part of the dorsal fin and the anal fin are scaled. The lateral line reaches the centre of the caudal fin.{{cite web | url = https://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/caribbean/en/thefishes/taxon/1530 |title = Genus: Isopisthus, Shortfin Corvina Croaker, Weakfishes, Corvinas | access-date = 12 May 2023 | work = Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information system | publisher = Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute}} The bigtooth corvina has a maximum published total length of {{cvt|41.6|cm}}, while that of the silver weakfish is {{cvt|36|cm}}>

Isopisthus is found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific. The bigtooth corvina occurs in shallow inshore waters over sandy mud or soft mud substrates from Costa Rica to southern Brazil.{{FishBase|Isopisthus|parvipinnis|month=February|year=2023}} The silver weakfish is found in inshore waters and outer estuarine areas from Baja California and the Gulf of California to Peru.{{FishBase|Isopisthus|remifer|month=February|year=2023}}

Isopithus fishes are caught by fisheries. The silver weakfish is targeted by commercial and artesinal fisheries and has shown declines in the amount landed and the size of the fishes landed but it is still a common species with a wide range and is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN.{{cite iucn | author1 = Chao, L. | author2 = Espinosa-Perez, H. | author3 = Bearez, P. | name-list-style = and | year = 2020 | title = Isopisthus remifer | page = e.T183342A130937638 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T183342A130937638.en | access-date = 12 May 2023}} The bigtooth corvina is not targeted by fisheries but is caught as bycatch in shrimp trawl fisheries, although it is not of great commercial value and the catch is mainly used as bait. This species is also classified as Least Concern.{{cite iucn | author = Aguilera Socorro, O. | year = 2020 | title = Isopisthus parvipinnis | page = e.T47147702A82679809 | doi =10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T47147702A82679809.en | access-date = 12 May 2023}}

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Category:Sciaenidae

Category:Taxa named by Theodore Gill