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Jack Critchley

{{Short description|Australian politician (1892–1964)}}

{{good article}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}

{{Use Australian English|date=January 2016}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix =

| name = Jack Critchley

| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=AUS|size=100%|JP}}

| image = Jack Critchley c. 1950.jpg

| caption = Critchley {{circa|1950}}

| alt = A black and white head and shoulders photograph of a balding male in a suit

| title = Senator for South Australia

| term_start = 1 July 1947

| term_end = 30 June 1959

| predecessor = George McLeay

| successor = Jim Toohey

| office2 = Member of the South Australian House of Assembly for Burra Burra

| predecessor2 = New seat

| successor2 = George Jenkins

| term_start2 = 5 April 1930

| term_end2 = 7 April 1933

| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1892|4|18}}

| birth_place = Callington, South Australia

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1964|4|27|1892|4|18}}

| death_place = Glengowrie, South Australia

| nationality =

| spouse = {{marriage|Alice Cave|6 August 1919}}

| party = Labor

| relations =

| children =

| residence =

| alma_mater =

| occupation = {{cslist|Wheelwright|soldier|carpenter|union organiser|public servant|politician}}

| profession =

| signature =

| website =

| footnotes =

|allegiance = Australia

|branch = Australian Imperial Force

|serviceyears = 1916–1918

|rank = Private

|unit = 10th Battalion

|battles = World War I

}}

John Owen Critchley {{post-nominals|country=AUS|JP}} (18 April 1892{{snd}}27 April 1964) was an Australian politician who served as a Labor member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1930 to 1933 and then the Australian Senate from 1947 to 1959. Born at Callington in the Adelaide Hills of South Australia, and schooled in and around Petersburg (later Peterborough), Critchley completed an apprenticeship as a wheelwright, but was then sacked for forming a branch of his union. He was a founding member and also served twelve years on the executive of the Amalgamated Coach Rolling Stock Makers' and Wheelwrights' Society{{snd}}later the Australian Coachmakers Employees' Federation then the Vehicle Builders Employees' Federation. He briefly served with the 10th Battalion on the Western Front in France and Belgium during World War I, but was repatriated as medically unfit, suffering from a neck condition.

Critchley returned to Peterborough and worked for South Australian Railways as a carpenter. He joined the Labor Party and was active in his local community, including serving two terms on the town council. He successfully ran as a Labor candidate for the seat of Burra Burra in the South Australian House of Assembly in the 1930 South Australian state election, but was defeated in 1933 after the Labor Party split over austerity measures and his expulsion from the party. He was readmitted to the party the following year, and worked as a vehicle registration clerk then managed clothing rations during World War II. In 1946 Critchley was elected to the Australian Senate, and served until 1958, being re-elected twice. He was opposition whip in the Senate from 1950 to 1957, responsible for maintaining party discipline. As a senator, Critchley advocated for returned servicemen, conservation, and railway reform, and was a fierce supporter of Labor's banking policies. He promoted a national perspective on a range of issues, including railway reform, conservation, and the flying of the Australian flag, and was a strong opponent of state parochialism. Illness caused him to step down as opposition whip in 1957, and he did not contest the 1958 election, retiring in June 1959. When he died five years later he was described by a fellow senator as "a true Labour man" who was "always ready to fight injustice and to resist it".

Early life

John Owen Critchley was born on 18 April 1892 at Callington in the Adelaide Hills of South Australia,{{sfn|Parliament of South Australia|2022}}{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} a son of a labourer, Patrick Critchley, and his wife Julia {{nee}} Burns. Known as Jack,{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} Critchley had two younger brothers, Henry and Michael.{{sfn|The Register 13 July 1918}} The family moved to Gumbowie, where Patrick worked as a railway packer at the station on the Petersburg railway line, and Jack attended school at Sunnybrae near Petersburg, and at Petersburg itself. Critchley left school aged 13 as he felt that his parents were struggling financially to keep him at school. He commenced a four-year apprenticeship as a wheelwright with the Schubert family in Murray Bridge in 1906, but at the end of his term the family dismissed him because he had formed a local branch of the Amalgamated Coach Rolling Stock Makers' and Wheelwrights' Society{{snd}}later the Australian Coachmakers Employees' Federation then the Vehicle Builders Employees' Federation.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} Critchley was a foundation member of the federation, and served on its executive for twelve years.{{sfn|Wanna|1987|pp=153–147}} He moved to Maitland on the Yorke Peninsula looking for work.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}}

World War I

Critchley enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force at Adelaide on 14 January 1916.{{sfn|National Archives|2022|p=1}} He was allocated to the 16th reinforcements to the South Australia-raised 10th Battalion,{{sfn|National Archives|2022|p=4}} and after training embarked aboard the HMAT A9 Shropshire at Outer Harbor on 25 March.{{sfn|National Archives|2022|p=8}}{{sfn|Lock|1936|p=112}} After stopping in Egypt, his reinforcement draft went on to the UK for further training,{{sfn|Lock|1936|p=112}} and Critchley joined the 10th Battalion in France on 25 August.{{sfn|National Archives|2022|p=4}}

When Critchley joined the battalion, it had just endured the Battles of Pozières and Mouquet Farm, during which it had suffered severe casualties. The unit entrained for Belgium and served a week in the trenches at Hill 60 near Ypres in late September, before returning to France. The battalion was on fatigue duties at Bernafay Wood on 2 November,{{sfn|Lock|1936|pp=61–62}} when Critchley was evacuated to hospital. Further evacuated to the UK, he was admitted to hospital on 15 November with torticollis,{{sfn|National Archives|2022|p=4}} or wry neck.{{sfn|Kumar|2023|p=415}} He was discharged from hospital on 25 November and was then transferred through several convalescent and personnel depots, but the neck condition was persistent, and he was embarked on the hospital ship Port Lyttleton on 19 October 1917. He disembarked in Adelaide on 11 December and was discharged as medically unfit on 25 January 1918.{{sfn|National Archives|2022|pp=4–6 & 8}} His brothers Henry and Michael also enlisted and were both killed in action during the war.{{sfn|The Register 13 July 1918}}

Political career

=Local and state politics=

File:Jack Critchley in 1930.png

Upon returning from the war, Critchley gained employment with the South Australian Railways (SAR) at Peterborough (the renamed Petersburg){{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 21 March 1930}} as a carpenter, and married Alice Cave on 6 August 1919. Joining the Australian Labor Party (ALP),{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} he became president and then secretary of the local party committee, and was later the assistant secretary of the electorate committee for the federal Division of Grey.{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 21 March 1930}} Critchley was an unsuccessful candidate for South Ward in the 1922 town council election,{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 1 December 1922}}{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 8 December 1922}} but went on to serve two terms{{snd}}1923–1924 and 1928–1929 as a councillor,{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 7 December 1923}}{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 7 December 1928}} and was an unsuccessful candidate for mayor in 1925.{{sfn|The Advertiser 7 December 1925}} He was on the board of the local hospital,{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 21 March 1930}} was president of the local sub-branch of the Returned Soldiers' Association (later the Returned Sailors' and Soldiers' Imperial League of Australia),{{sfn|Quorn Mercury 21 March 1919}} and was a justice of the peace.{{sfn|The Narracoorte Herald 12 September 1946}}

At the 1930 state election held on 5 April, Critchley contested the three-member seat of Burra Burra in the South Australian House of Assembly as an ALP candidate, and was elected first, alongside two other ALP candidates, with Critchley receiving 41 per cent of the votes.{{sfn|Parliament of South Australia|2022}}{{sfn|Jaensch|2007|p=243}} The election saw the ALP, under the leadership of Lionel Hill, resoundingly defeat the Liberal Federation under Richard Layton Butler.{{sfn|Broomhill|1983}} Labor had committed to address high unemployment, which Critchley had described during a speech at Jamestown on 27 March as "the biggest curse{{mdash}}second only to war".{{sfn|The Times and Northern Advertiser 28 March 1930}} Critchley's first speech to the assembly was brief, and urged action on the provision of rations to unemployed men in country towns, praised government protection offered to railway employees providing evidence to the royal commission on railways, and was critical of the reforms to the railways by the American Chief Commissioner of SAR, William Alfred Webb.{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 11 June 1930}}

Critchley was sensitive to the situation faced by workers during the Great Depression, deriding as "wretched" the call of the conservative opposition for "work for rations", and sought a tax on wages for employers and employees alike of three shillings. He also argued for fertile land in the south east of the state to be compulsorily acquired and used to settle unemployed people, sought to reduce the number of members of the assembly and to abolish the state upper house, the Legislative Council.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} In 1931, splits within the ALP were inflamed over the Premiers' Plan{{snd}}a deflationary and austere economic policy which sought to combat the effects of the Great Depression. When the Hill cabinet agreed to the plan, a schism occurred in the ALP which hardened the divisions. The ALP state council expelled Hill, Critchley and others in August,{{sfn|Hopgood|1969}} and Critchley became a member of the Parliamentary Labor Party{{snd}}also known as the Premiers' Plan Labor Party,{{sfn|Parliament of South Australia|2022}} which retained government in a minority, with Lang Labor and state ALP members sitting separately.{{sfn|Hopgood|1969}} Critchley was a member of the royal commission on betting in 1932–1933.{{sfn|The News 13 September 1945}} He ran for re-election in Burra Burra in the 1933 state election held on 8 April, but the divisions in the Labor movement saw the Parliamentary Labor Party swept from power, with Critchley defeated, attracting only 21.8 per cent of the votes.{{sfn|Jaensch|2007|p=247}} He and the other members of the Parliamentary Labor Party were readmitted to the ALP after a "unity conference" in 1934, and Critchley became president of the electorate committee for the state seat of Goodwood, for which he ran unsuccessfully for preselection in 1938.{{sfn|The Advertiser 5 February 1938}} Critchley worked as a motor registration clerk,{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} and during World War II he worked in Adelaide as a manager of clothes rationing for industrial occupations,{{sfn|The Australian Worker 21 June 1950}} which he later described as "a most unpleasant task".{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 17 June 1948}} During this period he was active in establishing sub-branches of the ALP in the suburbs of Adelaide.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}}

=Federal politics=

Critchley was an ALP candidate for the Australian Senate in the 1946 Australian federal election, in the second position on the ALP senate ticket after Fred Beerworth, and was duly elected. Critchley's six-year senate term commenced on 1 July 1947.{{sfn|Carr|2022a}} His first speech in the Senate urged haste in settling returned servicemen on agricultural land, sought the implementation of soil and water conservation schemes, supported social services and child immigration, and lauded the Chifley government's plans to standardise the railways and improve the road transport system. Having previously served on the state parliamentary committee assessing the value of land for settlement, he was critical of the long delays caused by differences between the federal Labor government and the conservative government in South Australia.{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 17 October 1947}} He was a member of the standing orders committee from 1947 to 1949.{{sfn|William Patrick Ashley 17 October 1947}} On 10 December 1949, in the wake of its attempt to nationalise the banks, the federal ALP government of Ben Chifley was defeated by the Liberal–Country coalition, and went into opposition.{{sfn|National Archives – Ben Chifley|2017}} On 1 July 1950, Critchley was appointed opposition whip in the Senate{{snd}}responsible for managing business and maintaining party discipline,{{sfn|O'Flaherty|1956|p=54}} a position he retained until September 1957.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}}

A keen advocate for returned service personnel,{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 13 October 1948}}{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 28 October 1948|pp=2284–2285}} Critchley was particularly concerned for the mental health needs of those suffering from what was then known as "war neurosis"{{snd}}now known as combat stress reaction. He urged the inclusion of psychiatric wards in military hospitals, and argued that it should not be necessary for returned service personnel to prove that their mental health condition was war-caused in order to be admitted to such wards. When these developments occurred interstate but had not yet happened in South Australia, he closely questioned the then Minister for Repatriation, Senator Walter Cooper.{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 16 February 1956}}{{sfn|Walter Jackson Cooper 28 February 1956}}{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 28 February 1956}} Critchley was appointed to the joint committee on war gratuity in 1951.{{sfn|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}} A practising Catholic,{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} he nevertheless opposed the Communist Party Dissolution Bill when it was presented by the government of Prime Minister Robert Menzies in 1950.{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 13 June 1950}} A vehement supporter of the ALP's banking policies,{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 24 November 1947}} in 1951 Critchley was a member of the select committee on the Commonwealth Bank Bill 1950 (No. 2),{{sfn|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}} on which government senators refused to serve.{{sfn|William Henry Spooner 14 March 1951}} When the bill was defeated in the Senate, Menzies called a double dissolution election.{{sfn|Odgers|2016|pp=731–732}}

Held on 28 April 1951,{{sfn|Carr|2022b}} the election resulted in the ALP losing control of the Senate.{{sfn|Newman|1993|p=4}} Critchley was in third position on the ALP senate ticket for South Australia, and was elected sixth of the ten seats available.{{sfn|Carr|2022b}} He was a member of the House Committee from 21 November 1951 to 4 November 1955.{{sfn|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}} At the 1953 Australian Senate election, Critchley was first on the ALP senate ticket, and was elected first of the five seats available.{{sfn|Carr|2022c}} According to his family, when the ALP split over the issue of communism in 1955, Critchley refused to join the Catholic-dominated breakaway Australian Labor Party (Anti-Communist){{snd}}later the Democratic Labour Party{{snd}}despite being offered the position of party leader in the Senate.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} In 1956, Critchley and his South Australian Labor colleague Senator John Ryan advocated for a national serviceman, Private F.{{nbsp}}S.{{nbsp}}Luxton, who had been hospitalised for three months after the expiry of his training obligation period, to be compensated for the physical disabilities he had suffered.{{sfn|John Victor Ryan 19 June 1956}} In November 1957, the Menzies government brought fourteen banking bills to the evenly-matched Senate, and despite ill health, Critchley attended the chamber to ensure the bills were defeated.{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 27 November 1957}}

File:Jack Critchley's grave at Centennial Park Cemetery.jpg, Pasadena, South Australia|alt=a colour photograph of a square-shaped gravestone of dark grey stone with pale lettering]]

Long periods of absence from the Senate due to illness in his latter years resulted in his resignation as opposition whip in September 1957,{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} and he did not contest the 1958 Australian federal election. He was replaced in the first position on the ALP ticket by Jim Toohey, who was elected.{{sfn|Carr|2022d}} Critchley retired from the Senate on 30 June 1959 at the conclusion of his term.{{sfn|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}}

Death and legacy

Critchley died at his home in Glengowrie on 27 April 1964,{{sfn|The Canberra Times 28 April 1964}} and was buried with Catholic rites at the Centennial Park Cemetery in Pasadena.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} Throughout his political career, Critchley consistently advanced a national perspective on issues,{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} including the use of the Australian flag rather than the Union Jack,{{sfn|Kwan|1995|p=322}} the national coordination of transport infrastructure and systems,{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 28 October 1948|pp=2283 & 2320}} and environment conservation. He also opposed state parochialism.{{sfn|John Owen Critchley 28 October 1948|p=2283}} A delegate to the Empire Parliamentary Association Conference in 1949,{{sfn|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}} three years later he welcomed a proposal for a joint foreign affairs committee.{{sfn|Haskett|2004}} The Tasmanian Senator Nick McKenna described Critchley as "a man of the most outstanding personal qualities... a true Labour man and a true Australian... saturated with the principles and the traditions of the party... always ready to fight injustice and to resist it" who "magnificently upheld the party's traditions of mateship and loyalty".{{sfn|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}}

Footnotes

{{reflist}}

References

=Books=

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite book |last=Broomhill |first=Ray |chapter-url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hill-lionel-laughton-6671 |chapter=Hill, Lionel Laughton (1881–1963) |title=Australian Dictionary of Biography |volume=9 |publisher=Melbourne University Press |year=1983}}
  • {{cite book|last=Jaensch|first=Dean|author-link=Dean Jaensch|year=2007|title=History of South Australian Elections 1857–2006 House of Assembly|url=http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?task=document.download&id=480|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302093743/http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?task=document.download&id=480|archive-date=2 March 2014|publisher=State Electoral Office|location=Rose Park, South Australia|volume=1|isbn=978-0-9750486-3-4}}
  • {{cite book

| last = Lock

| first = Cecil

| title = The Fighting 10th: A South Australian Centenary Souvenir of the 10th Battalion, A.I.F. 1914–19

| year = 1936

| location = Adelaide, South Australia

| publisher = Webb & Son

| oclc = 220051389

}}

  • {{cite book|editor-last=Laing|editor-first=Rosemary|last=Odgers|first=James Rowland|others=Revised by Harry Evans|title=Odgers' Australian Senate Practice|edition=14|publisher=Department of the Senate|location=Canberra|isbn=978-1-76010-503-7|year=2016}}
  • {{cite book

| last = O'Flaherty

| first = Sid

| title = The Labor Party in South Australia

| year = 1956

| location = Woodville, South Australia

| publisher = G.{{nbsp}}J.{{nbsp}}Daly

| oclc = 5120074

}}

{{refend}}

=Journals, newspapers and magazines=

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110209596 |title=Corporation |newspaper=The Times and Northern Advertiser |location=Peterborough, South Australia |date=8 December 1922 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=1 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Times and Northern Advertiser 8 December 1922}}}}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page10666060 |newspaper=The Times and Northern Advertiser |title=Elections |location=Peterborough, South Australia |date=1 December 1922 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=2 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Times and Northern Advertiser 1 December 1922}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article104290556 |title=Ex-Senator Dies In SA |newspaper=The Canberra Times |volume=38 |issue=10,833 |location=Australian Capital Territory |date=28 April 1964 |accessdate=27 December 2022 |page=3 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Canberra Times 28 April 1964}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74210623 |title=First Labor Breakaway |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=South Australia |date=5 February 1938 |accessdate=31 December 2022 |page=23 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Advertiser 5 February 1938}} }}
  • {{cite journal| last=Hopgood|first= Don|author-link=Don Hopgood | title=Lang Labor in South Australia | journal=Labour History | publication-date=October 1969 | issue=17 | pages=161–173 | issn=0023-6942}}
  • {{cite journal| last=Kumar|first= Sanjeev| title=Surgical Management of Congenital Muscular Torticollis | journal=Neurology India |year= 2023|volume= 71| publication-date=15 June 2023 | issue=3 | pages=415 |doi= 10.4103/0028-3886.378691|pmid= 37322730| issn= 1998-4022|ref={{harvid|Kumar|2023}} |doi-access= free}}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110539961 |title=Labor Candidates at Jamestown |newspaper=The Times and Northern Advertiser |location=Peterborough, South Australia |date=28 March 1930 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=2|via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Times and Northern Advertiser 28 March 1930}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article147013656 |title=Labor Candidate in Narracoorte|newspaper=The Narracoorte Herald |volume=LXX |issue=7240 |location=Narracoorte, South Australia |date=12 September 1946 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=1 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Narracoorte Herald 12 September 1946}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article146168717 |title=Labor's Senate Whip |newspaper=The Australian Worker |volume=59 |issue=25 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=21 June 1950 |accessdate=30 December 2022 |page=2 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Australian Worker 21 June 1950}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60366858 |title=Late Cpl H. Critchley |newspaper=The Register |volume=LXXXIII |issue=22,364 |location=South Australia |date=13 July 1918 |accessdate=30 December 2022 |page=7 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Register 13 July 1918}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article124956664 |title=Municipal Elections |newspaper=The Times and Northern Advertiser |location=Peterborough, South Australia |date=7 December 1928 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=3 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Times and Northern Advertiser 7 December 1928}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article212990117 |title=Peterborough |newspaper=Quorn Mercury |location=Quorn, South Australia |date=21 March 1919 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=2 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|Quorn Mercury 21 March 1919}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43889866 |title=Peterborough |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=South Australia |date=7 December 1925 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=10 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Advertiser 7 December 1925}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110211936 |title=Peterborough Corporation |newspaper=The Times and Northern Advertiser |location=Peterborough, South Australia |date=7 December 1923 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=1 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Times and Northern Advertiser 7 December 1923}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article130237348 |title=Sporting Gossip |newspaper=The News |volume=45 |issue=6,901 |location=South Australia |date=13 September 1945 |accessdate=28 December 2022 |page=8 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The News 13 September 1945}} }}
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110539941 |title=State Elections |newspaper=The Times and Northern Advertiser |location= Peterborough, South Australia |date=21 March 1930 |accessdate=27 December 2022 |page=3 |via=Trove|ref={{harvid|The Times and Northern Advertiser 21 March 1930}} }}
  • {{cite journal| last=Wanna|first= John |author-link=John Wanna| title=The history of organisational development in the South Australian Coachmakers' (Vehicle Builders) Union | journal=Journal of the Historical Society of South Australia | publication-date=1987 | issue=15 | pages=143–157 | issn=0312-9640}}

{{refend}}

=Hansard and parliamentary papers=

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=South Australia |title= |url= |house=House of Assembly |date=11 June 1930 |page_start=240 |page_end=242 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Member for Burra-Burra|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 11 June 1930}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Estimates and Budget Papers 1947–48 |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1947-10-17%2F0024%22 |house=Senate |date=17 October 1947 |page_start=924 |page_end=928 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 17 October 1947}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Banking Bill 1947: Second Reading |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1947-11-24%2F0025%22 |house=Senate |date=24 November 1947 |page_start=2498 |page_end=2504 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 24 November 1947}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Appropriation Bill (no.2) 1947–48 |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1948-06-17%2F0019%22 |house=Senate |date=17 June 1948 |page=2135 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 17 June 1948}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Appropriations Bill 1948–49 |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1948-10-13%2F0039%22 |house=Senate |date=13 October 1948 |page_start=1503 |page_end=1504 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 13 October 1948}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Appropriations Bill 1948–49 |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1948-10-28%2F0039%22 |house=Senate |date=28 October 1948 |page=2283 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 28 October 1948}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Communist Party Dissolution Bill 1950 |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1950-06-13%2F0058%22 |house=Senate |date=13 June 1950 |page=4098 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 13 June 1950}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Repatriation General Hospital, Springbank, South Australia |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1956-02-16%2F0001%22 |house=Senate |date=16 February 1956 |page=13 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 16 February 1956}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Question: Address-in-Reply |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1956-02-28%2F0047%22 |house=Senate |date=28 February 1956 |page=132 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 28 February 1956}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Privilege: Standing Order 189 |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1957-11-27%2F0053%22 |house=Senate |date=27 November 1957 |page=1551 |speaker=John Owen Critchley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Owen Critchley 27 November 1957}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Question: Question: Compensation Payments to Trainee |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1956-06-19%2F0019%22 |house=Senate |date=19 June 1956 |page=1605 |speaker=John Victor Ryan |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|John Victor Ryan 19 June 1956}} }}
  • {{cite tech report |last=Newman |first=Gerard |date=22 November 1993 |title=Federal Election Results 1949–1993 |institution=Department of the Parliamentary Library, Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia|number=24 of 1993 }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Adjournment |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1964-05-05%2F0119%22 |house=Senate |date=5 May 1964 |page=943 |speaker=Nick McKenna |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|Nicholas Edward McKenna 5 May 1964}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Repatriation General Hospital, Springbank, South Australia |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1956-02-28%2F0039%22 |house=Senate |date=28 February 1956 |page=123 |speaker=Walter Jackson Cooper |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|Walter Jackson Cooper 28 February 1956}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Warning |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1951-03-14%2F0059%22 |house=Senate |date=14 March 1951 |page=436 |speaker=William Henry Spooner |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|William Henry Spooner 14 March 1951}} }}
  • {{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=Commonwealth of Australia |title=Committees |url=https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22hansard80%2Fhansards80%2F1947-10-17%2F0024%22 |house=Senate |date=17 October 1947 |page=924 |speaker=William Patrick Ashley |position=Senator|ref={{harvid|William Patrick Ashley 17 October 1947}} }}

{{refend}}

=Websites=

{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFHaskett2022}}

{{refbegin|30em}}

  • {{Cite web |url=http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/chifley/ |title=Ben Chifley – Australia's PMs – Australia's Prime Ministers |access-date=22 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216203242/http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/chifley/ |archive-date=16 February 2017 |url-status=dead|ref={{harvid|National Archives – Ben Chifley|2017}} }}
  • {{cite web|last=Carr|first=Adam|title=Commonwealth of Australia, Legislative Election of 28 September 1946: The Senate|url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/australia/1946/1946senatesa.txt|access-date=25 December 2022|website=Psephos Adam Carr's Election Archive|ref={{harvid|Carr|2022a}} }}
  • {{cite web|last=Carr|first=Adam|title=Commonwealth of Australia, Legislative Election of 28 April 1951: The Senate|url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/australia/1951/1951senatesa.txt|access-date=25 December 2022|website=Psephos Adam Carr's Election Archive|ref={{harvid|Carr|2022b}} }}
  • {{cite web|last=Carr|first=Adam|title=Commonwealth of Australia, Legislative Election of 9 May 1953: The Senate|url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/australia/1953/1953senatesa.txt|access-date=25 December 2022|website=Psephos Adam Carr's Election Archive|ref={{harvid|Carr|2022c}} }}
  • {{cite web|last=Carr|first=Adam|title=Commonwealth of Australia, Legislative Election of 22 November 1958: The Senate|url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/australia/1958/1958senatesa.txt|access-date=25 December 2022|website=Psephos Adam Carr's Election Archive|ref={{harvid|Carr|2022d}} }}
  • {{cite web

| url =https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/ViewImage.aspx?B=3465203

| title = Critchley, John Owen: B2455

| website = National Archives of Australia

| access-date = 25 December 2022

| ref ={{harvid|National Archives|2022}}

}}

  • {{Cite Au Senate |Sen id=critchley-john-owen |name=Critchley, John Owen (1892–1964) |first=Colleen |last=Haskett |year=2004 |access-date=25 December 2022 |ref=}}
  • {{Cite SA-parl|pid=3727|name=John Owen Critchley|former=yes|access-date=25 December 2022|ref={{harvid|Parliament of South Australia|2022}} }}

{{refend}}

=Theses=

  • {{cite thesis |type=PhD |last=Kwan |first=Elizabeth |date=1995 |title=Which Flag? Which Country? An Australian Dilemma, 1901–1951 |publisher=Australian National University|url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/124936|access-date=28 December 2022}}

{{s-start}}

{{s-par|au-sa-la}}

{{s-bef | before=New seat }}

{{s-ttl | title=Member for Burra Burra | years=1930–1933 |alongside=George Jenkins and Sydney McHugh}}

{{s-aft | after = George Jenkins}}

{{s-par|au}}

{{s-bef|before=George McLeay}}

{{s-ttl|title = Senator for South Australia|years=1946–1957}}

{{s-aft|after=Jim Toohey}}

{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Critchley, Jack}}

Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia

Category:Members of the Australian Senate for South Australia

Category:Members of the South Australian House of Assembly

Category:1892 births

Category:1964 deaths

Category:20th-century Australian politicians

Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of South Australia

Category:Military personnel from South Australia

Category:Australian military personnel of World War I