Jacque Fresco#The Venus Project and later career

Jacque Fresco was born on March 13, 1916,{{Citation | title = 1930 Census | medium = Original Document | publisher = U.S. Department of Commerce | location = Brooklyn, New York | date = April 3, 1930 | url = http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1930_-_Federal_Census_-_Brooklyn_%28document%29.jpg}} and grew up in a Sephardi Jewish household,{{cite magazine|url=http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-news-and-politics/57732/brave-new-world |title=Brave New World |magazine=Tablet |access-date=October 13, 2013}} at the family's home in Bensonhurst, in the Brooklyn borough of New York City.{{r|orlando}} Fresco's father was an agriculturist born in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey), while his mother Lena was an emigrant from Jerusalem.{{cite web|last1=Gore|first1=Jeff|title=The view from Venus|url=http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/the-view-from-venus/Content?oid=2248863|website=Orlando Weekly|access-date=October 28, 2015}} He later turned his attention to technocracy. A teenager during the Great Depression, he spent time with friends discussing Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein, science, and the future.{{Citation | last = Rolfe | first = Lionel | title = Fat Man on the Left | place = Los Angeles | publisher = California Classics Books | year = 1998 | chapter = Unpopular Science | pages = [https://archive.org/details/fatmanonleftfour0000rolf/page/166 166–170] | isbn = 978-1-879395-01-5 | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lSX9pwnsOc4C&q=fat%20man%20on%20the%20left&pg=PA168 | url = https://archive.org/details/fatmanonleftfour0000rolf/page/166 }} Fresco attended the Young Communist League before being "physically ejected" for loudly stating that "Karl Marx was wrong!" after a discussion with the league president during a meeting.{{Citation | last = Rolfe | first = Lionel | title = Fat Man on the Left | place = Los Angeles | publisher = California Classics Books | year = 1998 | chapter = Unpopular Science | pages = [https://archive.org/details/fatmanonleftfour0000rolf/page/158 158–161] | isbn = 978-1-879395-01-5 | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lSX9pwnsOc4C&q=fat%20man%20on%20the%20left&pg=PP1 | url = https://archive.org/details/fatmanonleftfour0000rolf/page/158 }} He left home at the age of 14, hitchhiking and "jumping" trains as one of the so-called "Wild Boys of the Road".

Fresco worked at Douglas Aircraft Company in California during the late 1930s.{{Cite news | last = Smith | first = Mac. | title = A Look Ahead Through Fresco's Window | newspaper = Florida Living Magazine | location = Miami | pages = 2–3 | date = December 31, 1961 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OAxgAAAAIBAJ&pg=1604%2C4941153 }}{{Dead link|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} He presented designs including a flying wingI. {{Citation | title = Flying Wing | journal = Great Lakes Technocrat | volume = 11 |issue=11 |date=Jul–Aug 1944 | page = 34}} and a disk-shaped aircraft. Some of his designs were considered impractical at the time and Fresco's design ideas were not adopted.{{Cite news | last = Andreeva | first = Tamara. | title = Advanced Plane Ideas Rejected | newspaper = Abilene Reporter-News | location = Abilene, Texas | page = 9 | date = March 6, 1950 }} Fresco resigned from Douglas because of design disagreements.

In 1942, Fresco was drafted into the U.S. Army.{{cite web|url=https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&mtch=1&tf=F&q=39532348&bc=&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=7956301 |title=NARA – AAD – Display Full Records – Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. 1938 – 1946 (Enlistment Records) | publisher=Aad.archives.gov | access-date=June 25, 2014}} He was assigned technical design duties for the Army Air Forces at Wright Field design laboratories in Dayton, Ohio.{{Citation | last=Scully | first=Frank | title=Behind the Flying Saucers | place=New York | publisher = Henry Holt & Co. | year=1950 | chapter=The Aerodynamic Correction | pages=122–123}}{{Cite news | title=A Trip to the Moon | newspaper=Miami Herald Sunday Magazine | location=Miami, Florida | pages=Section G | date=April 8, 1956 |url=http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1956%20-%20MiamiHerald/Binder1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827075657/http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1956%20-%20MiamiHerald/Binder1.pdf |archive-date=August 27, 2013 }} One design he produced was a "radical variable camber wing" with which he attempted to optimize flight control by allowing the pilot to adjust the thickness and lift of the wings during flight.{{Citation | title =Wing Changes Its Camber | journal=Popular Science | volume=150 |issue=5 | page=115 | date=May 1947 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KiYDAAAAMBAJ&q=jacque%20fresco%20popular%20science&pg=PA115| last1=Corporation | first1=Bonnier }}{{Citation | title=Hydraulic Jack to Alter Airplane Wing's Camber | journal=Science News Letter | volume=50 |issue=20 | page=310 | date=November 16, 1946 | jstor=3923108}} Fresco did not adjust to military life and was discharged.

Worked for Ernst Udet according to his Talk in Stockholm, 2010.{{Cite web |last=Jacque |first=Fresco |title=speech 35:35 |website=YouTube |date=September 5, 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OnkCww2ZeVs&ab_channel=IgorTVP}}

Fresco was commissioned by Earl "Madman" Muntz, to design low cost housing. Muntz invested $500,000 seed money in the project. Fresco, 32 years old at the time, along with his associates Harry Giaretto and Eli Catran conceived, designed and engineered a project house called the Trend Home.{{r|brochure}} Fresco came closest to traditional career success with this project. Built mostly of aluminum and glass, it was on prominent display at Stage 8 of the Warner Bros. Sunset Lot in Hollywood for three months. The home could be toured for one dollar, with proceeds going to the Cancer Prevention Society. In the summer of 1948, a Federal Housing Administration official met Muntz about the project. The official's proposal, according to Muntz, would add a bureaucratic overhead negating the low production costs. Without federal or further private funding the project did not go into mass production. This experience led Fresco to the conclusion that society would have to change for his inventions to reach their potential.{{r|orlando}}{{r|trend}}

In the late 1940s, Fresco created and was director of Scientific Research Laboratories in Los Angeles.{{cite web|url=http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/cbs.aspx |title=Business Search – Business Entities – Business Programs |publisher=Kepler.sos.ca.gov |access-date=June 25, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100402014221/http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/cbs.aspx |archive-date=April 2, 2010 }} Here he also gave lectures, and taught technical design, meanwhile researching and working on inventions as a freelance inventor and scientific consultant.{{Citation | title = Plastics with a Charge Have Magical Effects | journal = Popular Mechanics | volume = 104 |issue=6 | page = 149 | date = Dec 1955 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wt0DAAAAMBAJ&q=jacque%20fresco%20popular%20mechanics&pg=PA149| last1 = Magazines | first1 = Hearst}} During this period, Fresco struggled to get his research funded{{Cite news | last = Andreeva | first = Tamara. | title = Frustrated Genius | newspaper = Olean Times Herald | location = New York | page = 13 | date = March 3, 1950 | url = https://www.newspaperarchive.com/Viewer.aspx?img=35636251&firstvisit=true&src=search¤tResult=3¤tPage=0&fpo=False}} and faced setbacks and financial difficulties. In 1955, Fresco left California after his laboratory was removed to build the Golden State Freeway.

In 1955 Fresco moved to Miami, Florida. He opened a business as a psychological consultant, but had no formal schooling in the subject. Receiving a "barrage of criticism" from the American Psychological Association Fresco stopped that business. In a newspaper article from that time period Fresco claimed to have a degree from Sierra University, Los Angeles, California, which is unverified.{{cite web|url=http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1956%20-%20MiamiHerald/Binder1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=March 25, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827075657/http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1956%20-%20MiamiHerald/Binder1.pdf |archive-date=August 27, 2013 }}

Fresco described white supremacist organizations he joined to test the feasibility of changing people. He tells of joining a local Ku Klux Klan and White Citizens Council in an attempt to change their views about racial discrimination.{{cite web|url=http://www.tvpmagazine.com/2012/01/the-immaculate-pig-experiment-by-jacque-fresco/ |title=The Immaculate Pig Experiment |last1=Fresco |first1=Jacque |date=January 28, 2012 |publisher=TVP Magazine |access-date=March 18, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306181818/http://www.tvpmagazine.com/2012/01/the-immaculate-pig-experiment-by-jacque-fresco/ |archive-date=March 6, 2012}}

In Miami Fresco presented designs of a circular city.{{cite web|url=http://news.co.cr/floating-cities-and-resource-based-economies/2954/ |title=Floating Cities and Resource-Based Economies |publisher=News.co.cr |date=February 27, 2012 |access-date=June 25, 2014}} Fresco made his living working as an industrial designer for various companies such as Alcoa and the Major Realty Corporation.

In 1961, with Pietro Belluschi and C. Frederick Wise,{{Cite news | title = $2,950 House Shell Made of Aluminum | newspaper = The New York Times | location = New York | pages = 1R, 8R | date = May 28, 1961}} Fresco collaborated on a project known as the Sandwich House. Consisting of mostly prefabricated components, partitions, and aluminum, the project sold houses for $2,950, or $7,500 with foundation and all internal installations. During this period, Fresco supported his projects by designing prefabricated aluminum devices through Jacque Fresco Enterprises Inc.I. {{Citation | title = We've Changed The Rules | journal = Popular Science | volume = 190V|issue=3 | page = 215 | date = March 1967 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=4yADAAAAMBAJ&q=jacque%20fresco%20science&pg=PA215| last1 = Corporation | first1 = Bonnier}}

• II. {{Citation | title = Rack 'Em Up | journal = American Artist | volume = 31 |issue=3 | page = 8 | date = March 1967 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=CVQ9AAAAMAAJ| last1 = Watson | first1 = Ernest William | last2 = Guptill | first2 = Arthur Leighton}}
• III. {{Citation | title = Pamper Your Pipes | journal = Esquire | page = 163 | date = March 1967}}
• IV. {{Citation |title=Jacque Fresco Enterprises Inc. |publisher=Florida Department of State Division of Corporations |url=http://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/CorporationSearch/SearchResultDetail/EntityName/domp-307282-5bb6b9fc-5cf5-4950-bba7-215fcb624850/Jacque%20Fresco%20Enterprises%20Inc/Page1 |access-date=May 28, 2013}}

From 1955 to 1969 Fresco named his social ideas "Project Americana".

Looking Forward was published in 1969. Author Ken Keyes Jr., and Jacque Fresco coauthored the book. Looking Forward is a speculative look at the future. The authors picture an ideal 'cybernetic society in which want has been banished and work and personal possessions no longer exist; individual gratification is the total concern'.{{Citation | last = Cross | first = Michael S. | title = Review: 'Looking Forward' | journal = Library Journal | volume = 94| year= 1970 | page = 612}}

Fresco formed "Sociocyberneering", a membership organization claiming 250 members, according to an interview with Fresco.{{Cite news | last = Hagan | first = Alisa. | title = Environmentalists Put City of Future on Display | newspaper = Hollywood Sun Tattler | location = Hollywood, Florida | page = 1 | date = June 13, 1979 | url = http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1979%20-%20HollywoodSun-Tattler/Binder1.pdf | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130827074901/http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1979%20-%20HollywoodSun-Tattler/Binder1.pdf | archive-date = August 27, 2013 | df = mdy-all }} He hosted lectures in Miami Beach and Coral Gables.{{Citation | last = Hewitt | first = Paul G. | title = Conceptual physics | place = Boston | publisher = Pearson/Addison-Wesley | year = 2010 | chapter = Rotational Motion | page = 122 | isbn = 978-0-13-137583-3 | title-link = Conceptual physics }}{{Citation | last = Jenrette | first = David. | title = Jacques Fresco | journal = Gold Coast Free Press | volume = 1 |issue=1 | page = 10 | date = February 11, 1971}} Fresco promoted his organization by lecturing at universitiesI. {{Cite AV media | title = The Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Annual Report | medium = Original Document | publisher = The University of Miami | location = Miami | date = 1970}}

• II. {{Cite news | last = Bassett | first = Melanie. | title = Man Need Not Fear Machine | newspaper = The Carolinian | location = Raleigh, North Carolina | page = 4 | date = March 6, 1970 }}
• III. {{Cite news | title = Series to Explore Suicide or Survival | newspaper = St. Petersburg Times | location = St. Petersburg, Florida | pages = 3B | date = April 23, 1970 }}
• IV. {{Cite news | last = Steigleman | first = Walt. | title = 'Jules Vernesque' City Shows Plans at USF | newspaper = The Oracle | location = Tampa, Florida | page = 9 | date = October 20, 1971 }} and appearing on radio and television.{{Cite AV media | people = The Larry King Show | title = Larry King Interview | medium = Television | publisher = WTVJ 4 | location = Miami | date = August 19, 1974 | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PN6puH9DYnQ}}{{Cite AV media | people = Renick, Ralph; Abrell, Joe; Fresco, Jacque | title = Montage Interview | medium = Television | publisher = Montage (WTVJ) | date = January 26, 1974 | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=th7ogCI4oP4}} Although Fresco is presented as a 'Doctor' on the Larry King show there is no evidence of that being the case. Fresco did not complete high school.{{cite web |title=Jacque Fresco's full interview with Larry King, 1974 |url=http://www.knowledgeoftoday.org/2012/01/jacque-fresco-interview-larry-king-1974.html |website=Knowledge of Today |access-date=23 August 2021 |date=22 January 2012}} Fresco's "sociocyberneering" as a membership group was discontinued and land was purchased at another location in rural Venus, Florida. He established his home and research center there.{{Cite news | last = Tice | first = Neysa. | title = Venus Is Headquarters For Sociocyberneering Research Center | newspaper = Lake Placid Journal | location = Lake Placid, Florida | pages = 1B | date = October 29, 1981 | url = http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1981%20-%20LakePlacidJournal/Binder1.pdf | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130827080616/http://www.thevenusproject.com/images/stories/archived-media/Newspapers/1981%20-%20LakePlacidJournal/Binder1.pdf | archive-date = August 27, 2013 | df = mdy-all }}

Fresco, with his partner Roxanne Meadows, founded The Venus Project in 1985 and supported it in the 1990s through freelance inventing, industrial engineering, conventional architectural modeling, and invention consultations.{{r|orlando}}

In 2008, Peter Joseph featured Fresco in the film Zeitgeist Addendum where his ideas of the future were given as possible alternatives. Peter Joseph, founder of the Zeitgeist Movement began advocating Fresco's approach. In April 2012, the two groups disassociated due to disagreements regarding goals and objectives.{{r|orlando}}

Throughout 2010, Fresco traveled with Meadows worldwide to promote interest in the Venus Project.{{Cite AV media | title = Face of the Future | medium = Digital Video | publisher = TV New Zealand | date = 2010 | url = http://tvnz.co.nz/close-up/there-future-money-irrelevant-3464715/video?vid=3464708 |access-date= March 23, 2011}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20100504022112/http://www.thevenusproject.com/world-tour-lecture-dates World Tour Lecture Dates]

In June 2012, Maja Borg screened her film, Future My Love, at the Edinburgh International Film Festival featuring the work of Fresco and Roxanne Meadows.{{Cite news | last = Adams | first = Mark | title = Future My Love (Review) | journal = Screen Daily | date = June 22, 2012 | url = http://www.screendaily.com/reviews/the-latest/future-my-love/5043649.article}}[http://www.edfilmfest.org.uk/films/2012/future-my-love EDI Film Fest], edifilmfest.org

Fresco was born to immigrants from the Middle East, Isaac and Lena Fresco. His father was born in 1880{{Citation | title = Social Security Death Index Master File: Isaac Fresco | publisher = Social Security Administration}} and around 1905 immigrated from Istanbul to New York where he worked as a horticulturist. He died in 1963. Fresco's mother was born in 1887{{Citation | title = Social Security Death Index Master File: Lena Fresco | publisher = Social Security Administration}} in Jerusalem and also migrated to New York around 1904. She died in 1988. Fresco was brother to two siblings, a sister, Freda, and a brother, David.

Fresco had two marriages when he lived in Los Angeles and carried his second marriage through his first couple of years in Miami. He divorced his second wife in 1957 and remained unmarried thereafter.{{Citation | title = Florida Divorce Index | publisher = Florida Department of Health | location = Miami, Florida | date = July 1957 | url = http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1957_-_Florida_Divorce_%28document%29.jpg}} His second wife, Patricia, gave birth to a son, Richard, in 1953 and a daughter, Bambi, in 1956. Richard was an army privateI. {{Cite news | title = 2 Sikh Converts Charged By Army | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | location = Los Angeles | page = 2 | date = September 20, 1973 | url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/643059092.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+20%2C+1973&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%281923-Current+File%29&edition=&startpage=2&desc=TURBAN+DISPUTE | access-date = July 6, 2017 | archive-date = December 12, 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121212222033/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/643059092.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+20%2C+1973&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%281923-Current+File%29&edition=&startpage=2&desc=TURBAN+DISPUTE | url-status = dead }}

• II. {{Cite news | title = News in Brief: A special U.S. Army | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | location = Los Angeles | page = 2 | date = October 28, 1973 | url = https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/643206832.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Oct+28%2C+1973&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%281923-Current+File%29&edition=&startpage=2&desc=News+in+Brief | access-date = July 6, 2017 | archive-date = December 12, 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121212221545/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/643206832.html?FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Oct+28%2C+1973&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%281923-Current+File%29&edition=&startpage=2&desc=News+in+Brief | url-status = dead }} and died in 1976.{{Citation | title = Social Security Death Index Master File: Richard Fresco | publisher = Social Security Administration}} Bambi died of cancer in 2010.{{cite web|url=http://www.tributes.com/show/Bambi-Fresco-88060773 |title=Bambi Fresco Obituary – Venus, Florida |publisher=Tributes.com |access-date=June 25, 2014}}

Fresco died on May 18, 2017, in his sleep at his home in Sebring, Florida, from complications of Parkinson's disease at the age of 101.{{cite web |title=Jacque Fresco |url=https://www.thevenusproject.com/the-venus-project/jacque-fresco/ |website=The Venus Project |access-date=23 August 2021}}{{cite web|url=https://indestructibleideas.com/2017/05/20/rip-jacque-fresco-the-mind-died-but-the-idea-lives-on/|title=RIP Jacque Fresco, the mind died but the idea lives on.|publisher=Indestructible Ideas|access-date=May 22, 2017|date=May 22, 2017|archive-date=October 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008021305/https://indestructibleideas.com/2017/05/20/rip-jacque-fresco-the-mind-died-but-the-idea-lives-on/|url-status=dead}}

Roxanne Meadows assisted Fresco from 1976. As Fresco's domestic partner and administrative colleague, she oversees much of the management of the Venus Project.{{r|orlando}}

It's a "lack of professional engagement", William Gazecki who in 2006 completed Future by Design, a feature-length profile of Jacque Fresco says, that hurt Fresco the most. "The real missing link in Jacque's world is having put Jacque to work," Gazecki says, "[It's] exemplified when people say: 'Well, show me some buildings he's built. And I don't mean the domes out in Venus. I mean, let's see an office building, let's see a manufacturing plant, let's see a circular city.' And that's where he should have been 30 years ago. He should have been applying his work, in the real world ... [but] he's not a collaborator, and I think that's why he's never had great public achievements."{{cite news |last=Gore |first=Jeff |url=http://orlandoweekly.com/news/the-view-from-venus-1.1217175?pgno=7 |title=The view from Venus – News & Features |newspaper=Orlando Weekly |date=October 13, 2011 |access-date=June 25, 2014 |archive-date=October 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009200330/http://orlandoweekly.com/news/the-view-from-venus-1.1217175?pgno=7 |url-status=dead }}

When asked by a reporter why he had such difficulty actualizing his many ideas, Fresco responded, "Because I can't get to anybody."{{Cite AV media|title=7 News Features: The Venus Project |medium=Digital Video |publisher=WSVN 7 News |date=2009 |url=http://www.wsvn.com/features/articles/specialreport/MI114870/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323110719/http://www.wsvn.com/features/articles/specialreport/MI114870/ |archive-date=March 23, 2011 }}

Fresco's critical view of modern economics has been compared to Thorstein Veblen's concept of "the predatory phase in human development", according to an article in the journal Society and Business Review.{{Citation | last1 = Humphries | first1 = Maria | last2 = St Jane | first2 = Michelle | title = Transformative Learning in Troubling Times: Investing in Hope | journal = Society and Business Review | volume = 6 |issue= 1 | page = 31 | year = 2011 | url = http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1907002&show=abstract| doi = 10.1108/17465681111105814 }}For the term "predatory phase", see also the quote from Thorstein Veblen's book [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/833/833-h/833-h.htm The Theory of the Leisure Class], Chapter One: Introductory (Gutenberg Project): "The predatory phase of culture is attained only when the predatory attitude has become the habitual and accredited spiritual attitude for the members of the group; when the fight has become the dominant note in the current theory of life; when the common-sense appreciation of men and things has come to be an appreciation with a view to combat." Grønborg has labeled other facets of Fresco's ideology a "tabula rasa approach".{{Citation|last=Grønborg |first=Morten |title=The World According to Fresco |journal=Future Orientation |issue=1 |pages=15–19 |year=2010 |url=http://www.iff.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=2045&lng=2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120519130642/http://www.iff.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=2045&lng=2 |archive-date=May 19, 2012 }}

Synergetics theorist Arthur Coulter called Fresco's city designs "organic" and "evolutionary", rather than revolutionary.{{Citation | last = Coulter| first = Arthur. | title = The Venus Project: A Review | journal = Journal of the Synergetic Society | number = 247|date= Oct 1996 | page = 10}} Coulter posits such cities as the answer to Walter B. Cannon's idea of achieving homeostasis for society.

Fresco described his form of governance in this way: "The aims of The Venus Project have no parallel in history, not with communism, socialism, fascism or any other political ideology. This is true because cybernation is of recent origin. With this system, the system of financial influence and control will no longer exist."

Ludwig von Mises Institute scholar Robert P. Murphy has raised the economic calculation problem against a resource-based economy.{{cite web | last = Murphy | first = Robert P. | author-link = Robert P. Murphy| title = Venus Needs Some Austrians | publisher = Ludwig von Mises Institute | date = August 30, 2010 | url = https://mises.org/daily/4636 | access-date = December 30, 2011}} In a resource-based economy, Murphy believes there would be no ability to calculate the availability and desirability of resources because the price mechanism is not utilized. Addressing this aspect, another article in the Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics states criticism of "central plannings" computation problem applies to the ideas of Fresco.{{Citation | last = Engelhardt | first = Lucas | title = Central Planning's Computation Problem Review | journal = Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics | volume = 16 | number = 2 | page = 229 | date = Summer 2013 | url = https://mises.org/sites/default/files/qjae16_2_5.pdf | access-date = August 3, 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160410152337/https://mises.org/sites/default/files/qjae16_2_5.pdf | archive-date = April 10, 2016 | url-status = dead }}

The Venus Project states on its website that it is not utopian.{{r|about}} Writing for the Copenhagen Institute for Futures Studies, Nikolina Olsen-Rule supports this idea, writing: "For most people, the promise of the project sounds like an unattainable utopia, but if you examine it more closely, there are surprisingly many scientifically founded arguments that open up an entire new world of possibilities."{{r|"Spaces"}}

Morten Grønborg, also of Copenhagen Institute for Futures Studies, comments that the Venus Project is "this visionary idea of a future society has many characteristics in common with the utopia. ... the word utopia carries a double meaning, since in Greek it can mean both the good place (eutopia) and the nonexisting place (outopia). A good place is precisely what Fresco has devoted his life to describing and fighting for."{{r|morten}}

Hans-Ulrich Obrist wrote that "Fresco's future may, of course, seem outmoded and his writings have been subject to critique for their fascistic undertones of order and similitude, but his contributions are etched in the popular psyche and his eco-friendly concepts continue to influence our present generation of progressive architects, city planners and designers."{{citation |last=Obrist |first=Hans-Ulrich |title=Futures, Cities |journal=Journal of Visual Culture |volume=6 |issue=3 |page=360 |date=Dec 2007 |url=http://vcu.sagepub.com/content/6/3/359.extract}}

Fresco's work gained the attention of science fiction enthusiast and critic Forrest J Ackerman. Fresco later attracted Star Trek animator, Doug Drexler, who worked with Fresco to produce several computer renderings of his designs.{{Cite AV media | people = Doug Drexler | title = Doug Drexler Interview | medium = Digital Video | publisher = Docflix | date = 2006 | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JBHmjr6fZ8A |access-date=March 23, 2011}}

Commenting on Fresco, physicist Paul G. Hewitt wrote that Fresco inspired him toward a career in physical science.{{cite web|title=Author Interviews: Paul G. Hewitt |publisher=Pearson |year=2003 |url=http://forms.pearsonhighered.com/forms/authorinterviews/interview.jsp?id=19 |access-date=March 23, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104003222/http://forms.pearsonhighered.com/forms/authorinterviews/interview.jsp?id=19 |archive-date=November 4, 2010 }}

In July 2016, Jacque Fresco received a Novus Summit award for City Design/Community. Novus Summit is supported by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA).{{cite web|title=Jacque Fresco (Social Engineer) – NOVUS Award Ceremony, NOVUS Summit 2016|url=http://webtv.un.org/topics-issues/global-issues/watch/jacque-fresco-social-engineer-%E2%80%93-novus-award-ceremony-novus-summit-2016/5042180795001#full-text|website=webtv.un.org|access-date=August 4, 2016|archive-date=October 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022151622/http://webtv.un.org/topics-issues/global-issues/watch/jacque-fresco-social-engineer-%E2%80%93-novus-award-ceremony-novus-summit-2016/5042180795001#full-text|url-status=dead}}

{{Library resources box|viaf=4187492}}

• {{cite book | url=https://archive.org/stream/LookingForwardV2/Looking-Forward-v2#page/n0/mode/2up | title=Looking Forward |publisher=A.S. Barnes. (1969) |isbn=0-498-06752-1 |location=South Brunswick, New Jersey |oclc=21606|last1=with Keyes |first1=Ken | year=1969 |author-link1=Ken Keyes Jr. |access-date=March 26, 2009 }}
• {{cite book |title=Introduction to Sociocyberneering |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JbktHAAACAAJ |access-date=December 30, 2010 |year=1977 |publisher=Lidiraven Books |oclc=6036204}}
• {{cite book |title=The Venus Project: The Redesign of Culture |url=https://archive.org/stream/TheVenusProjectTheRedesignOfCulture/1995-TheVenusProject-TheRedesignOfCulturee-book#page/n1/mode/2up |access-date=December 30, 2010 |year=1995 |publisher=Global Cyber-Visions |location=Venus, Florida |isbn=0-9648806-0-1 |oclc=33896367}}
• {{cite book |title=The Best that Money Can't Buy: Beyond Politics, Poverty & War |url=https://archive.org/details/bestthatmoneycan0000fres|url-access=registration |year=2002 |publisher=Global Cyber-Visions |location=Venus, Florida |isbn=0-9648806-7-9 |oclc=49931422}}
• {{cite book |title=Designing the Future |url=http://www.thevenusproject.com/downloads/ebooks/designing_the_future/Jacque_Fresco-Designing_the_Future.pdf |access-date=January 9, 2011 |year=2007 |publisher=The Venus Project, Inc. |location=Venus, Florida |oclc=568770383}}

• The Zeitgeist Movement

{{reflist|refs=

{{cite web|title=About|url=https://www.thevenusproject.com/the-venus-project/aims-and-proposals/|publisher=The Venus Project|access-date=April 1, 2016}}

{{Citation | last = Grønborg | first = Morten | title = Editorial: Utopia | journal = Future Orientation | volume = 1 | page = 5 | year = 2010 | url = http://www.iff.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=2043&lng=2 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130331123117/http://www.iff.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=2043&lng=2 | archive-date = March 31, 2013 | df = mdy-all }}

{{citation|last=Olsen-Rule |first=Nikolina |title=Utopian Spaces |journal=Future Orientation |issue=1 |page=41 |year=2010 |url=http://www.iff.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=2043&lng=2 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130331123117/http://www.iff.dk/scripts/artikel.asp?id=2043&lng=2 |archive-date=March 31, 2013 }}

{{cite web|title=The World According to Fresco|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/35738663/entire-issue-instituttet-for-fremtidsforskning/15|publisher=IFF|access-date=April 1, 2016}}

{{cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/68209417/003-1948-06-XX-Official-Trend-Home-Brochure |title=[003] – 1948.06.XX – Official Trend Home Brochure |publisher=Scribd.com |access-date=June 25, 2014}}

{{citation |title=Diverse City, Inc. |publisher=Florida Department of State Division of Corporations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220005158/http://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/CorporationSearch/SearchResultDetail/EntityName/domnp-n94000000493-3467f9d7-a3a9-440c-9568-0e060272ffd1/The%20Venus%20Project/Page1 |archive-date=December 20, 2013 |url=http://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/CorporationSearch/SearchResultDetail/EntityName/domnp-n94000000493-3467f9d7-a3a9-440c-9568-0e060272ffd1/The%20Venus%20Project/Page1 |access-date=May 28, 2013}}

{{cite news |last=Gore |first=Jeff |url=http://orlandoweekly.com/news/the-view-from-venus-1.1217175?pgno=4 |title=The view from Venus – News & Features |newspaper=Orlando Weekly |date=October 13, 2011 |access-date=June 25, 2014 |archive-date=October 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009201800/http://orlandoweekly.com/news/the-view-from-venus-1.1217175?pgno=4 |url-status=dead }}

{{cite web|title=Jacque Fresco – Social Engineer – Legendado Português.|url=https://dotsub.com/view/b0b989f8-f5c8-4de8-96d7-66ab43a16915|publisher=dotsub|access-date=April 2, 2016}}

{{cite book|last1=Rolfe|first1=Lionel|title=Fat Man on the Left: Four Decades in the Underground|url=https://archive.org/details/fatmanonleftfour0000rolf|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/fatmanonleftfour0000rolf/page/170 170]|quote=Trend Home Earl Muntz.|publisher=California Classics Books|access-date=April 2, 2016|isbn=9781879395015|year=1998}}

}}

{{external media|

| video1= {{YouTube|V_LKW5byYmw|Welcome to the Future}} (1998)

| video2= {{YouTube|MBjr-uSEFcI|Cities in the Sea}} (2002)

| video3= {{YouTube|I3Z9AIAIU_E|Self-erecting Structures}} (2002)

| video4= {{YouTube|e6_-XT97Yu8|Designing the Future}} (2006)

| video5= {{YouTube|I1IXWnS6vwk|Future by Design}} (2006)

| video6= {{YouTube|KphWsnhZ4Ag|Paradise or Oblivion}} (2012)

| video7= {{YouTube|Yb5ivvcTvRQ|The Choice is Ours}} (2016) Produced/Directed by Roxanne Meadows and Joel Holt

}}

{{wikiquote}}

• {{official website|http://www.thevenusproject.com}} – The Venus Project
• [https://www.resourcebasedeconomy.org Official website] – Resource Based Economy 501(c)(3) not-for-profit charitable organization
• {{IMDb name|294347}}
• {{Cite web|title=The Venus Project|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/thevenusprojectmedia|website=YouTube|access-date=November 1, 2016}}

{{Cybernetics}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fresco, Jacque}}

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