Jakob Pöschl
{{Short description|Austrian physicist and university teacher}}
{{Infobox person
| image =
| caption = Jakob Pöschl
| name = Jakob Pöschl
| other_names = Jacob Pöschl, Jakob Poeschl, Jacob Poeschl
| occupation = Physicist
| birth_date = {{birth date|1828|2|25}}
| birth_place = Vienna, Austrian Empire
| death_date = {{death date and age|1907|1|6|1828|2|25}}
| death_place = Graz, Austria-Hungary
}}
Jakob Pöschl (25 February 1828 in Vienna – 6 January 1907 in Graz) was an Austrian physicist and university teacher.{{sfn|Acham|2007|p=174}}
Biography
After graduating from Gymnasium Pöschl studied philosophy for two years at the University of Vienna. From 1846 to 1851 he studied at the Vienna Polytechnic Institute. He obtained permission to teach in Realschulen in mathematics and physics. From 1851 onwards he worked as a teacher, first in Vienna and later in Brno.{{cite web|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=bau&datum=19070111&seite=15&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title=Personal-Nachrichten (in Der Bautechniker), page 15/31 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}} In 1855 Pöschl was appointed first professor for experimental and technical physics at the Joanneum in Graz.{{cite web|url=https://www.tugraz.at/institute/iep/museum/geschichte/sammelmappe/entwicklung/ |language=German |title=Die Entwicklung der Physik zum Grundfach |website=tugraz.at |access-date=2021-01-26}} In 1871–72 he was rector of the university.{{sfn|Wohinz|1999|p=267}} Pöschl retired in 1887 and was succeeded by Albert von Ettingshausen. Pöschl passed away in his house located at Klosterwiesgasse 19 after a long period of suffering on 6 January 1907. He was buried at the Graz St. Peter cemetery.{{cite web|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gre&datum=19070108&seite=2&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title=Tagesbericht (in Grazer Volksblatt), page 2 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}}
Jakob Pöschl married Magdalena, née Nömayer (born 1849, alternative spellings: Nömeyer or Nomayr) in 1870 in the Graz Parish Church.{{cite web|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gpt&datum=18700611&seite=7&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title=Getraut wurden in Graz vom 31. Mai bis 6. Juni 1870) (in Tagespost (Graz) ), page 7 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}} The Pöschls had five children, three of them being scientists and working at universities as well: Son Arnold (born 1880) was a professor of canon law and rector of the University of Graz,{{cite web |author=Nikolaus Grass |url=https://www.historischerverein-stmk.at/wp-content/uploads/Z_Jg52_Nikolaus-GRASS-Arnold-P%C3%B6schl-und-die-Kirchenrechtslehre-an-der-Universit%C3%A4t-Graz.pdf |language=German |title=Arnold Pöschl und die Kirchenrechtslehre an der Universität Graz |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119094717/https://www.historischerverein-stmk.at/wp-content/uploads/Z_Jg52_Nikolaus-GRASS-Arnold-P%C3%B6schl-und-die-Kirchenrechtslehre-an-der-Universit%C3%A4t-Graz.pdf |access-date=2021-01-26|archive-date=2020-11-19 }} Theodor (born 1882) was a mathematician and engineer in Karlsruhe,{{cite web|author=Deutsche Biographie |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz96587.html |language=German |title=Pöschl, Theodor - Deutsche Biographie |website= deutsche-biographie.de |access-date=2021-01-26}} and Viktor (born 1884) was a chemist and rector of the Handelshochschule Mannheim.{{cite web|author=Deutsche Biographie |url= https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz96586.html |language=German |title=Pöschl, Viktor - Deutsche Biographie |website= deutsche-biographie.de |access-date=2021-01-26}} Historic sources state that son Fritz Pöschl studied medicine and daughter Maria married Dr. Karl Schadelbauer, a spa physician, on 16 April 1901.{{cite web|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gtb&datum=19010416&seite=18&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title= Tagesbericht (Trauungen) (in Grazer Tagblatt), page 18 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}} The German-Austrian classical philologist Viktor Pöschl was a grandson of Jakob Pöschl.
Work
Jakob Pöschl is most known for his role as a university teacher. His most prominent student in Graz was Nikola Tesla, whose 1919 autobiography My Inventions mentions Pöschl's demonstration of a Gramme electric generator as an inspiration in his development of an Induction motor.{{sfn|Tesla|2016|p=33-34}}Franz Pichler, Augustinus Asenbaum: Zum Studium von Nikolaus Tesla in Graz und Prag. In: Plus Lucis, 2/1996, p. 9–13 ([https://www.pluslucis.org/ZeitschriftenArchiv/1996-2_PL.pdf PDF; 845 kB]) Pöschl's role in Tesla's university education is documented by the local press as early as in 1892–1893 (whereas to current knowledge and in contrast to that early sources Tesla never finished his studies in Graz).{{cite web|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gtb&datum=18930805&seite=19&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title= Grazer Tagesbericht 13. Mai (Ein Elektrotechniker) (in Grazer Tagblatt), page 19 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}}{{cite web|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gtb&datum=18920513&seite=2&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title= Tagesbericht (5. August, Jakob Pöschl) (in Grazer Tagblatt), page 2 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}} Pöschl repeatedly donated scholarships and prizes which were – together with other grants – awarded during the annual celebration of the founding of the Joanneum on 26 November.{{cite web|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gpt&datum=18681127&seite=4&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title=Grazer- und Provinzialnachrichten 27. November (in Tagespost), page 4 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}}{{cite web|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gpt&datum=18771128&seite=3&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title=Eine Doppelfeier (in Tagespost), page 3 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}}{{cite web|url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=gpt&datum=18701129&seite=4&zoom=33&query=%22Jakob%2BP%C3%B6schl%22&ref=anno-search |language=German |title=Grazer- und Provinzialnachrichten 29. November (in Tagespost), page 4 |website=onb.ac.at |access-date=2021-01-26}}
Notes
References
- {{cite book |editor-last= Acham |editor-first=Karl |title=Naturwissenschaft, Medizin und Technik aus Graz: Entdeckungen und Erfindungen aus fünf Jahrhunderten: vom "Mysterium cosmographicum" bis zur direkten Hirn-Computer-Kommunikation |year=2007 |publisher=Böhlau |isbn=9783205774853 }}
- {{cite book |last=Tesla |first=Nikola |title= My inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla |year=2016 |publisher=SEVERUS Verlag |isbn=978-3-95801-613-2 }}
- {{cite book |editor-last=Wohinz |editor-first=Josef W. |title=Die Technik in Graz: Aus Tradition für Innovation |year=1999 |publisher=Böhlau Verlag |isbn=3-205-98910-4 }}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Poschl, Jakob}}
Category:Scientists from Vienna
Category:Physicists from Austria-Hungary
Category:Academic staff of the Graz University of Technology