James Nicoll
{{Short description|Canadian freelance game and speculative fiction reviewer}}
{{for multi|the Scottish paediatric surgeon|James Henderson Nicoll|people with a similar name|James Nicol (disambiguation)}}
{{Use mdy dates|cs1-dates=y|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name = James Nicoll
| image =
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| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1961|03|18}}
| birth_place =
| nationality = Canadian
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{{external media| float =right | width =220px | image1 =[http://www.plokta.com/plokta/issue24/james_nicoll_large.jpg James Nicoll, 2001 photo] }}
James Davis Nicoll (born March 18, 1961){{cite web | url = http://www.stevenhsilver.com/mar.html | last = Silver | first = Steven | author-link = Steven H Silver | title = SF Birthday Calendar: March | access-date = 2007-05-15 | archive-date = 2021-06-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210613085415/http://stevenhsilver.com/mar.html | url-status = live }} is a Canadian freelance game and speculative fiction reviewer, former security guard and role-playing game store owner, and five-time Hugo nominee, who also works as a first reader for the Science Fiction Book Club.{{cite web |url=http://thebookblogger.com/sfbc/2006/11/sfbcs_top_50_books_list_goes_w.html |title=SFBC's Top 50 Books List Goes Walkabout |first=Andrew |last=Wheeler |publisher=Science Fiction Book Club |date=2006-11-20 |access-date=2007-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928185954/http://thebookblogger.com/sfbc/2006/11/sfbcs_top_50_books_list_goes_w.html |archive-date=2007-09-28 |url-status=dead}}{{cite magazine |url=https://www.tor.com/2022/01/31/five-flawed-books-that-are-still-worth-rereading/comment-page-1/#comment-936472 |last=Nicoll |first=James Davis |title=Five Flawed Books That Are Still Worth Rereading |date=31 January 2022 |magazine=Tor.com |access-date=1 February 2022 |quote=Most importantly for me at the time, the paperback fit nicely in my security-guard uniform's inside pocket and helped me stay awake through long night shifts. |archive-date=2022-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201162307/https://www.tor.com/2022/01/31/five-flawed-books-that-are-still-worth-rereading/comment-page-1/#comment-936472 |url-status=live }} As a
Usenet personality, Nicoll is known for writing a widely quoted epigram on the English language, as well as for his accounts of suffering a high number of accidents, which he has narrated over the years in Usenet groups like rec.arts.sf.written and rec.arts.sf.fandom. He is now a blogger on Dreamwidth and Facebook, and an occasional columnist on Tor.com. In 2014, he started his website, jamesdavisnicoll.com, dedicated to his book reviews of works old and new; and later added Young People Read Old SFF, where his panel of younger readers read pre-1980 science fiction and fantasy, and Nicoll and his collaborators report on the younger readers' reactions.
Background
Nicoll was born March 18, 1961, and grew up in rural Ontario. He wrote on Usenet that "[b]efore it exploded one night, I went to a four grade, two room schoolhouse and we had textbooks from the 1940s." He attended Waterloo-Oxford District Secondary School, which he described as "a very rural high school, where 'alternative life style' meant 'Not Old Order Mennonite'".
Influence on SF genre
In addition to his influence as a first reader for the Science Fiction Book Club, a book reviewer for Bookspan, Publishers Weekly and Romantic Times, and a juror for the James Tiptree, Jr. Award,{{cite web
| title = 2011 James Tiptree, Jr. Award
| url = http://tiptree.org/award/2011-james-tiptree-jr-award
| access-date = 2016-01-26
| archive-date = 2016-02-15
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160215100637/http://tiptree.org/award/2011-james-tiptree-jr-award
| url-status = live
}}
Nicoll often offers ideas and concepts to other writers, primarily through the medium of Usenet. After winning the 2006 Locus Award for his novella Missile Gap, Charles Stross thanked him, writing that Nicoll "came up with the original insane setting{{cite newsgroup|author=James Nicoll|newsgroup=soc.history.what-if|title=Life on the Disk|date=11 Dec 2000|message-id=9136ta$414$1@watserv3.uwaterloo.ca}}—then kindly gave me permission to take his idea and run with it."{{cite web
| title = Brief Announcement
| author = Stross, Charles
| author-link = Charles Stross
| date = 2007-06-17
| url = http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2007/06/brief_announcement.html
| access-date = 2007-06-18
| archive-date = 2007-06-20
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070620170124/http://www.antipope.org/charlie/blog-static/2007/06/brief_announcement.html
| url-status = live
}}
"The Purity of the English Language"
In 1990, in the Usenet group rec.arts.sf-lovers, Nicoll wrote the following epigram on the English language:
The problem with defending the purity of the English language is that English is about as pure as a cribhouse whore. We don't just borrow words; on occasion, English has pursued other languages down alleyways to beat them unconscious and riffle their pockets for new vocabulary.{{cite newsgroup| title = The King's English
| author = Nicoll, James
| date = 1990-05-15
| newsgroup = rec.arts.sf-lovers
| url = https://groups.google.com/forum/#!original/rec.arts.sf-lovers/5tQFnNbvN80/1pfKcGbEYckJ
| access-date = 2013-10-03
| archive-date = 2012-11-08
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121108194301/http://groups.google.com/group/clojure/msg/766b75baa7987850#!original/rec.arts.sf-lovers/5tQFnNbvN80/1pfKcGbEYckJ
| url-status = live
}}
(A followup to the original post acknowledged that the spelling of "riffle" was a common{{Cite web|url=https://grammarist.com/spelling/riffle-vs-rifle/|title=Riffle vs rifle – Correct Spelling – Grammarist|date=June 8, 2015|access-date=2020-09-16 |archive-date=2020-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926122100/https://grammarist.com/spelling/riffle-vs-rifle/|url-status=live}} misspelling of "rifle".{{cite newsgroup
| title = The King's English
| author = Nicoll, James
| date = 1990-05-20
| newsgroup = rec.arts.sf-lovers
| message-id = 1990May20.184335.4443@watdragon.waterloo.edu
| url = https://groups.google.com/forum/#!original/rec.arts.sf-lovers/5tQFnNbvN80/kzZPphkck00J
| access-date = 2013-10-03
| archive-date = 2012-11-08
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121108194301/http://groups.google.com/group/clojure/msg/766b75baa7987850#!original/rec.arts.sf-lovers/5tQFnNbvN80/kzZPphkck00J
| url-status = live
}})
The epigram has also been quoted, with proper attribution, in books by professor of rhetoric and communication design Randy Harris.{{cite book | last = Harris | first = Randy | title = Voice Interaction Design: Crafting the New Conversational Speech Systems | place= San Francisco | publisher = Morgan Kaufmann | year = 2004 | page=55 | isbn = 1-55860-768-4}} Amateur linguists Jeremy Smith,{{cite book | last = Smith | first = Jeremy | title = Bum Bags and Fanny Packs: A British-American, American-British Dictionary | place = New York | publisher = Carrol & Graf | year = 2005 | page = 164 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qQONKyKvY1gC&q=James-d-Nicoll+date:1970-2009&pg=PA164 | isbn = 0-7867-1702-5}} Richard Lederer,{{cite book | last = Lederer | first = Richard | author-link = Richard Lederer | title = A Man of My Words: Reflections on the English Language | place = New York | publisher = St. Martin's Press | year = 2003 | page = [https://archive.org/details/manofmywordsrefl00lede/page/266 266] | isbn = 0-312-31785-9 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/manofmywordsrefl00lede/page/266 }} the Chinese newspaper Ming Pao{{cite web | title = John Larrysson Column: What Is English? | url = https://life.mingpao.com/eng/article?issue=20120815&nodeid=1508218686671 | access-date = 2020-01-01 | archive-date = 2022-05-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220516074230/https://life.mingpao.com/eng/article?issue=20120815&nodeid=1508218686671 | url-status = live }} and Anu Garg{{cite book | last = Garg | first = Anu | author-link = Anu Garg | title = Another Word A Day: An All-New Romp through Some of the Most Unusual and Intriguing Words in English | place= New York | publisher = Wiley | year = 2005 | page=111 | isbn = 0-471-71845-9}} have also referenced Nicoll's quote.
Professional linguists who have referenced the quotation online include Professor of Linguistics Mark Liberman of the University of Pennsylvania and Language Log;{{cite web
| work = Language Log
| last = Liberman
| first = Mark
| author-link = Mark Liberman
| title = The wordiness of English
| url = http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002579.html
| date = 2005-10-24
| access-date = 2007-05-17
| archive-date = 2007-05-03
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070503124137/http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002579.html
| url-status = live
}}; {{cite web
| work = Language Log
| title = 88 English words from snow
| url = http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000200.html
| date = 2003-12-07
| access-date = 2007-05-17
| archive-date = 2007-06-25
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070625094045/http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000200.html
| url-status = live
}} Associate Professor of Linguistics Suzanne Kemmer{{cite web |title=Suzanne Kemmer: Associate Professor of Linguistics, Rice University |url=http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/ |access-date=30 January 2019 |archive-date=2007-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070420005514/http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/ |url-status=live }} of Rice University,{{cite web
|publisher = Rice University
|last = Kemmer
|first = Suzanne
|title = The English Language: Past and Present
|url = http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words/infocont.html
|date = 2001-10-23
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20051101201123/http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words/infocont.html
|archive-date = 2005-11-01
}} {{cite web
|publisher = Rice University
|title = Words in English: Structure, History, Use (course Web site for Linguistics/English 215)
|url = http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words/info05.html
|date = 2006-02-28
|access-date = 2007-05-17
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070512201131/http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words/info05.html
|archive-date = 2007-05-12
|url-status = dead
}} who also posted her research into the quote at the LINGUIST mailing list;{{cite web
| work = LINGUIST List
| last = Kemmer
| first = Suzanne
| title = James D. Nicoll quote - mystery solved
| url = http://linguistlist.org/issues/13/13-499.html
| date = 2002-02-20
| access-date = 2007-05-17
| archive-date = 2007-04-15
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070415100157/http://www.linguistlist.org/issues/13/13-499.html
| url-status = dead
}} and Second Language Acquisition Ph.D. student Rong Liu.{{cite web|url=http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mikeliu/vitae.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060910135252/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mikeliu/vitae.htm|archive-date=2006-09-10|title=Welcome to Rong's site-vitae|date=10 September 2006}}{{cite web
|publisher=University of Arizona
|last=Liu
|first=Mike
|title=Presentation on Morphology, for the course INDV 101-Language
|url=http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mikeliu/Morphology%20for%20section%207%20new.ppt
|date=2005-10-03
|access-date=2007-05-17
|format=Microsoft PowerPoint
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060912111116/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mikeliu/Morphology%20for%20section%207%20new.ppt
|archive-date=September 12, 2006
}} There are also amateur philologists who have used the quote, including journalist Suw Charman{{cite web
|work = Chocolate and Vodka
|last = Charman
|first = Suw
|author-link = Suw Charman
|title = Re: The purity of the English language
|url = http://chocnvodka.blogware.com/blog/_archives/2005/1/3/222493.html
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050314161238/http://chocnvodka.blogware.com/blog/_archives/2005/1/3/222493.html
|url-status = dead
|archive-date = 2005-03-14
|date = 2005-01-03
|access-date = 2007-05-17
}} and journalist Vale White.{{cite web
|work = Southern Utah University Journal
|last = White
|first = Vale
|title = Words, words, words depurify
|url = http://media.www.suujournal.com/media/storage/paper951/news/2004/10/13/OpinionopenAccessColumns/Words.Words.Words.Depurify-2024007.shtml
|date = 2004-10-13
|access-date = 2007-05-17
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070521060049/http://media.www.suujournal.com/media/storage/paper951/news/2004/10/13/OpinionopenAccessColumns/Words.Words.Words.Depurify-2024007.shtml
|archive-date = 2007-05-21
}}
"Nicoll events"
Nicoll relates a number of life- and/or limb-threatening accidents that have happened to him, which he has told and retold on various science fiction fandom–related newsgroups. Over the years these stories have also been collected into Cally Soukup's List of Nicoll events.{{cite web|url=http://dd-b.net/NicollEvents|title=Cally Soukup's List of Nicoll Events|website=dd-b.net|access-date=1 February 2022|archive-date=2007-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070107073916/http://dd-b.net/NicollEvents/|url-status=live}}
Inspired by Nicoll's collection of accidents, as well as his tendency to take in any stray cat that comes knocking, fantasy author Jo Walton wrote him a poem in 2002.{{cite web|url=http://papersky.livejournal.com/326232.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326062426/http://papersky.livejournal.com/326232.html|url-status=dead|title=papersky: James Nicoll Poem|date=30 November 2012|archive-date=26 March 2011|website=archive.is}}
"Brain eater"
A post on soc.history.what-if credits Nicoll with coining the phrase "brain eater"{{cite newsgroup| title = Quick thought on the collapse of the Roman Empire |message-id= 3D5A21D6.DDC8D0E2@ext.canterbury.ac.nz | author = Wilson, Gareth | author-link = Gareth Wilson | newsgroup = soc.history.what-if | url = http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=3D5A21D6.DDC8D0E2@ext.canterbury.ac.nz | date = 2002-08-14 }} which is supposed to "get" certain writers such as Poul Anderson{{cite newsgroup | title = Fire Upon the Deep and Way Station | message-id = EGEGux.EK3@novice.uwaterloo.ca | author = Nicoll, James | newsgroup = rec.arts.sf.written | url = http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.sf.written/msg/882956f14dec677f | date = 1997-09-12 | access-date = 2007-10-26 | archive-date = 2007-11-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071110040938/http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.sf.written/msg/882956f14dec677f | url-status = live }} and James P. Hogan.{{cite newsgroup
| title= Genetic Engineering?
| author = Nicoll, James
| date = 1999-09-02
| newsgroup = rec.arts.sf.written
|message-id= 7qkttc$1fq$1@watserv3.uwaterloo.ca
| url = http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=7qkttc$1fq$1@watserv3.uwaterloo.ca
}} Nicoll claims the 'brain eater' affected Hogan, because of Hogan's expressions of belief in Immanuel Velikovsky's version of catastrophism,{{cite web|url=http://www.jamesphogan.com/books/info.php?titleID=37&cmd=sample&sample=79 |title=The Case for Taking Velikovsky Seriously |access-date=2006-06-18 |first=James P. |last=Hogan |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928081922/http://www.jamesphogan.com/books/info.php?titleID=37&cmd=sample&sample=79 |archive-date=2007-09-28 }} and his advocacy of the hypothesis that AIDS is caused by pharmaceutical use rather than HIV (see AIDS denialism).{{cite web|url=http://jamesphogan.com/bb/bulletin.php?id=78 |title=Bulletin Board: AIDS Skepticism |access-date=2007-02-01 |last=Hogan |first=James P. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928081847/http://jamesphogan.com/bb/bulletin.php?id=78 |archive-date=2007-09-28 }} The term has been adopted by other Usenet posters,{{cite newsgroup
| title= Re: A Great New Sci-Fi Novel! (CRIT)
| author = McCutchen, Pete
| date = 1999-12-10
| newsgroup = rec.arts.sf.composition
|message-id= 2me25scohl2fsvso1p3fppejt7vvvdskaf@4ax.com
| url = http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=2me25scohl2fsvso1p3fppejt7vvvdskaf@4ax.com
}}
| title = Orson Scott Card: The brain eater takes another bite--Intelligent Design
| author = Palmer, David M.
| date = 2006-01-21
| newsgroup = rec.arts.sf.written
| message-id = 210120061300053447%dmpalmer@email.com
| url = http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.sf.written/msg/f7c1e661c408db42
| access-date = 2007-10-30
| archive-date = 2012-11-06
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121106220146/http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.sf.written/msg/f7c1e661c408db42
| url-status = live
}}
| title = NASA and SF
| author = Bradshaw, Simon
| date = 1999-11-14
| newsgroup = rec.arts.sf.written
| message-id = memo.19991114183450.61989A@sjbradshaw.compulink.co.uk
| url = http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.sf.written/msg/f7c1e661c408db42
| access-date = 2007-10-30
| archive-date = 2012-11-06
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121106220146/http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.sf.written/msg/f7c1e661c408db42
| url-status = live
}} as well as elsewhere on the Internet{{Cite web |url=http://james-nicoll.livejournal.com/1054939.html?thread=15530459 |title=James_nicoll: Uncle Orson explains how freedom of religion is supposed to work |access-date=2007-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721162431/http://james-nicoll.livejournal.com/1054939.html?thread=15530459#t15530459 |archive-date=2011-07-21 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://forum.rpg.net/showpost.php?p=6631168&postcount=21|title=[Orson Scott Card] Empire - Page 3}}{{cite web |url=http://sadlyno.com/archives/4424.html#comment-100440 |title= Sadly, No! » Raise a Glass for the Ole Perfesser|website=sadlyno.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109090636/http://sadlyno.com/archives/4424.html |archive-date=2007-11-09}} and use of the term within Usenet has been criticised.{{cite web
| last = M.
| first = Omega
| title = "Brain eater": A phrase I hate
| publisher = Hatrack River Forum
| date = 2007-06-05
| url = http://www.hatrack.com/ubb/main/ultimatebb.php?ubb=get_topic;f=2;t=048816;p=1#000000
| access-date = 2007-10-30
| archive-date = 2007-06-13
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613203531/http://www.hatrack.com/ubb/main/ultimatebb.php?ubb=get_topic;f=2;t=048816;p=1#000000
| url-status = live
Nicoll-Dyson Laser
Nicoll proposed the Nicoll-Dyson Laser concept where the satellites of a Dyson swarm act as a phased array laser emitter capable of delivering their energy to a planet-sized target at a range of millions of light years.{{cite newsgroup
| title = Re: A Moon base is too far; an asteroid ship better alternative:)
| author = Nicoll, James
| date = 2005-03-20
| newsgroup = sci.space.tech
|message-id= d1kl0p$c9q$1@reader1.panix.com
| url = https://groups.google.com/d/msg/sci.space.tech/uh5iB9XntHU/FAXMCwCOr34J
}}
E. E. Smith first used the general idea of concentrating the sun's energy in a weapon in the Lensman series when the Galactic Patrol developed the sunbeam (in Second Stage Lensmen); however, his concept did not extend to the details of the Nicoll-Dyson Laser. The 2012 novel The Rapture of the Nerds by Cory Doctorow and Charles Stross uses the Nicoll-Dyson Laser concept by name as the means by which the Galactic Federation threatens to destroy the Earth.
Science-fictional Lysenkoism
In a discussion on rec.arts.sf.written about why Golden Age science fiction so often uses aliens said to derive from short-lived but well-known stars such as Rigel whose lifespan is probably too brief to ever allow the rise of life due to the long-established mass-luminosity relationship for main-sequence stars, Nicoll identified what he termed the "SFnal Lysenkoist Tendency when actual, tested science contradicts some detail in an SF story, attack the science." He expanded on this idea in an article for online science fiction and fantasy magazine Tor.com.{{Cite web |url=https://www.tor.com/2018/09/06/doing-the-math-aliens-and-advanced-tech-in-science-fiction/ |title=Doing the Math: Aliens and Advanced Technology in Science Fiction |access-date=2019-11-29 |archive-date=2019-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206103002/https://www.tor.com/2018/09/06/doing-the-math-aliens-and-advanced-tech-in-science-fiction/ |url-status=live }}
Awards
Nicoll was a finalist for the 2010, 2011, 2019, 2020, and 2024 Hugo Awards for Best Fan Writer.{{cite web
| title = 2010 Hugo Award Nominees – Details
| date = 2010-04-04
| url = http://www.thehugoawards.org/2010/04/2010-hugo-award-nominees-details/
| work = The Hugo Awards
| publisher = World Science Fiction Society
| access-date = 2010-04-04
| archive-date = 2010-04-07
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100407014134/http://www.thehugoawards.org/2010/04/2010-hugo-award-nominees-details/
| url-status = live
}}{{ cite web | title = 2024 Hugo Awards | date = 2024-08-11 |url = https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/2024-hugo-awards/ | work = The Hugo Awards}}
He served as a judge for the 2012 James Tiptree Jr. Award.{{cite web |url=http://www.sfadb.com/James_Nicoll |title=James Nicoll Awards |work=Science Fiction Awards Database |publisher=Locus Science Fiction Foundation |access-date=September 21, 2021 |archive-date=2021-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921115549/http://www.sfadb.com/James_Nicoll |url-status=live }}
In 2021 and 2022, he was nominated for the Aurora Award for Best Fan Writing and Publication, for the series "Young People Read Old SFF" published on his review website.{{cite web
| title = 2021 Aurora Award Ballot
| date=2021-05-10
| url = https://locusmag.com/2021/05/2021-aurora-awards-ballot/
| work = Locus Magazine
| access-date = 2021-09-21}}{{cite web
| title=2022 Aurora Award Ballot
| date=2022-04-09
| url=https://prixaurorawards.ca/2022-aurora-award-ballot/
| work=Aurora Award
| access-date=2022-04-15
| archive-date=2022-04-12
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412012133/https://prixaurorawards.ca/2022-aurora-award-ballot/
| url-status=live
}}
Nicoll has also been a Fan Guest of Honor (GoH) at SF conventions, including ConFusion 2013 in Detroit{{cite web
| title = Fan GoH: James Davis Nicoll Immortal ConFusion
| date = 2014-01-21
| url = http://cf2013.stilyagi.org/cf2013/fan-goh-james-davis-nicoll
| work = ConFusion
| publisher = Ann Arbor Science Fiction Association
| access-date = 2014-01-21
| archive-date = 2014-02-03
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140203234729/http://cf2013.stilyagi.org/cf2013/fan-goh-james-davis-nicoll
| url-status = live
}}
and Arisia 2014 in Boston.{{cite web
| title = Welcome Arisia 2014
| date = 2014-01-21
| url = http://2014.arisia.org/Welcome
| work = Arisia
| access-date = 2014-01-21
| archive-date = 2014-02-01
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140201202700/http://2014.arisia.org/Welcome
| url-status = live
}} In 2020, he was nominated for the Down Under Fan Fund, to visit science fiction fandom in Australasia as a representative of their North American counterparts.{{cite web
| title = The 2020 DUFF Race Candidates are announced
| date = 2020-01-18
| url = https://downunderfanfund.wordpress.com/2020/01/18/the-2020-duff-race-candidates-are-announced/
| work = Down Under Fan Fund
| access-date = 2020-01-18
| archive-date = 2020-04-05
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200405235219/https://downunderfanfund.wordpress.com/2020/01/18/the-2020-duff-race-candidates-are-announced/
| url-status = live
}}
References
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External links
{{wikiquote|James Nicoll}}
- {{facebook|james.nicoll.927}}
- [https://james-davis-nicoll.dreamwidth.org/12047505.html More Words, Deeper Hole], James Nicoll's DreamWidth weblog
- [http://jamesdavisnicoll.com James Davis Nicoll], James Nicoll's public review site
- [https://www.tor.com/author/james-davis-nicoll/ Nicoll's columns for Tor.com]
- Nicoll's Usenet posts in Google Groups: [http://groups.google.com/groups/profile?enc_user=CR0E8xIAAADnapg6pm-6cnBRChGXWVUe8rhlH0Pnl47z4AZhN98BFg since 2000], [http://groups.google.com/groups/profile?enc_user=09b2pxwAAADDiUQrBvYuuR4QlktYHzZ6bT2a8FtnXiVUr7-lhMCDMw 2000–1], [http://groups.google.com/groups/profile?enc_user=5uqWRRgAAADCx5smY0mX3CTPJQdVOBXojjUzpEmJ5I5DRUSL7f0jPA 1996–9], [http://groups.google.com/groups/profile?enc_user=lLAGcxwAAADO9I4pFI5rEt6y__jWrEAqbT2a8FtnXiVUr7-lhMCDMw 1990–2]
- [http://www.cloggie.org/esseff/millennial-reviews.html Millennial Reviews]: A series of reviews by James Nicoll of science fiction books set in the year 2000.
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Category:Businesspeople from Kitchener, Ontario
Category:Canadian businesspeople in retailing
Category:Canadian literary critics
Category:Canadian speculative fiction critics