Jessore

The present-day city of Jashore was originally known as Kasba. The current name was originally acquired from the name of the surrounding pargana and zamindari estate of Jashore, or Jesar, when Kasba became its capital. The district's name was also applied to its two previous capitals, which are now known as Ishwaripur and Murali, respectively, so early mentions of jashore are not referring to the modern town.{{cite book |last1=Habib |first1=Irfan |title=An Atlas of the Mughal Empire |date=1982 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195603796 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Buo9AQAAIAAJ |access-date=26 March 2023}}{{rp|45}}

The name "Jashore" is traditionally explained as a derivation from the Sanskrit name Yaśohara, meaning "glory-depriving".{{cite book |last1=Westland |first1=J. |title=A Report on the District of Jashore: Its Antiquities, Its History, and Its Commerce |date=1874 |publisher=Bengal Secretariat Press |location=Calcutta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B2lKAAAAYAAJ |access-date=15 May 2023}}{{rp|23}} The name originally applied to the town now called Ishwaripur,{{rp|45}} which was founded sometime after 1573-74 by Vikramaditya, father of Pratapaditya. According to J. Westland, "glory-depriving" may have been used in the sense of "so glorious that it makes other cities seem humble in comparison". An inscription at Kanhaynagar records a similar epithet for that place: ruchira-ruchi-hara, or "depriving of beauty that which is beautiful".{{rp|23}}

{{Main|History of Jessore}}

The Ain-i Akbari lists a pargana of Jesar as part of sarkar Khalifatabad. This Jesar is a reference to today's Ishwaripur. Ishwaripur is also the Jesar mentioned in the Bahāristān-i Ghaibī. The zamindars of Jesar later shifted their capital to Murali and then to nearby Kasba, and the name "Jessore" was transferred to each of them in succession. One or both of these shifts had happened by around 1660, when [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Van_de_Brook%27s_map.jpg Mattheus van den Broucke's map of Bengal] shows a "Jessoor" in the same spot as today's city; however, because Murali and Kasba are so close together, it's uncertain which one specifically is being shown here.{{rp|45}}

It was the capital of Pratapaditya, the one and only Hindu ruler of the 12 Bhuiyas of Bengal, who had also famously fought against Mughal intrusion in East Bengal. He was defeated by Mughal forces and his territories were annexed into the Mughal Empire.

It was the first district to be freed and taken back by Bengali rule in the Liberation War, on 8 December 1971.

{{bar box

|title=Religions in Jessore city (2011)

|titlebar=#Fcd116

|left1=Religion

|right1=Percent

|float=left

|bars=

{{bar percent|Islam|green|87.86}}

{{bar percent|Hinduism|darkorange|11.70}}

{{bar percent|Christianity|dodgerblue|0.42}}

{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.02}}

}}

According to the 2022 Bangladesh census, Jessore city had a population of 209,330.{{Cite book |url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-11-20-05-20-e6676a7993679bfd72a663e39ef0cca7.pdf |title=Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |date=November 2023 |isbn= |volume=1 |pages=}}{{rp||pages=388–394}}

According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Jessore city had 45,930 households and a population of 201,796. 33,717 (16.71%) were under 10 years of age. Jessore had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 76.44%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 926 females per 1000 males.{{cite web |title=Population & Housing Census 2011 (Zila Series & Community Series) |url=https://bbs.gov.bd/site/page/47856ad0-7e1c-4aab-bd78-892733bc06eb/- |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics}}

• Jashore University of Science and Technology
• Jessore Medical College
• Army Medical College, Jessore
• Michael Madhusudan College
• BAF Shaheen College Jashore
• Jessore Zilla School
• Cantonment College, Jashore
• Jashore Government city college

The city is the transport hub of the district and southern Bangladesh.

To the north it is connected by national highway N7 to Jhenaidah, about {{convert|50|km}} away. N702 runs northeast {{convert|45|km}} to Magura. To the east it is connected by national highway N806 to Narail, about {{convert|32|km}} away. N7 continues southeast to divisional headquarters Khulna, about {{convert|55|km}} away. Regional highway R755 runs south {{convert|45|km }} to Chuknagar on the N760 between Satkhira and Khulna. N706 runs west to Benapole, {{convert|37|km}} away, on the border with India.

Jessore Junction railway station is on the main line connecting Darshana and Khulna. In July 2023, it was served by between 8 and 12 intercity trains a day.{{cite web |url=http://railway.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/railway.portal.gov.bd/page/e64d9448_0615_4316_87f0_deb10f5c847d/Intercity%20Trains%20.pdf |title=Intercity Trains |author= |website=Bangladesh Railways |access-date=24 July 2023}}

Jessore Airport served over 19 thousand passengers in December 2022.{{cite web |title=Bangladesh {{!}} Air Traffic Movement |url=https://www.ceicdata.com/en/bangladesh/air-traffic-movement |website=CEIC |access-date=24 July 2023}} It is located in the western part of the city, {{convert|7|km}} from downtown, and maintains scheduled passenger flights to Dhaka.{{cite web |title=Jashore Airport |url=http://caab.portal.gov.bd/site/page/d17ac323-89cb-48f6-986c-69ce125677ea |website=Civil Aviation Authority of Bangladesh |access-date=24 July 2023}}

{{Weather box

| width = auto

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| location = Jessore (1991–2020, extremes 1867-present)

| Jan record high C = 31.2

| Feb record high C = 37.8

| Mar record high C = 41.0

| Apr record high C = 43.8

| May record high C = 43.2

| Jun record high C = 41.8

| Jul record high C = 37.8

| Aug record high C = 38.2

| Sep record high C = 37.6

| Oct record high C = 38.6

| Nov record high C = 34.4

| Dec record high C = 31.6

| year record high C =

| Jan high C = 25.3

| Feb high C = 29.1

| Mar high C = 33.5

| Apr high C = 35.8

| May high C = 35.8

| Jun high C = 34.3

| Jul high C = 32.9

| Aug high C = 33.0

| Sep high C = 33.2

| Oct high C = 32.8

| Nov high C = 30.5

| Dec high C = 26.7

| year high C = 31.9

| Jan mean C = 17.1

| Feb mean C = 21.3

| Mar mean C = 26.0

| Apr mean C = 29.2

| May mean C = 29.9

| Jun mean C = 29.6

| Jul mean C = 29.0

| Aug mean C = 29.0

| Sep mean C = 28.8

| Oct mean C = 27.3

| Nov mean C = 23.1

| Dec mean C = 18.5

| year mean C = 25.7

| Jan low C = 10.8

| Feb low C = 14.6

| Mar low C = 19.5

| Apr low C = 23.6

| May low C = 25.2

| Jun low C = 26.1

| Jul low C = 26.2

| Aug low C = 26.2

| Sep low C = 25.6

| Oct low C = 23.2

| Nov low C = 17.6

| Dec low C = 12.5

| year low C = 20.9

| Jan record low C = 4.2

| Feb record low C = 3.6

| Mar record low C = 10.8

| Apr record low C = 15.4

| May record low C = 19.4

| Jun record low C = 20.6

| Jul record low C = 20.6

| Aug record low C = 23.0

| Sep record low C = 21.0

| Oct record low C = 15.8

| Nov record low C = 10.0

| Dec record low C = 6.0

| year record low C = 3.6

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 12

| Feb precipitation mm = 23

| Mar precipitation mm = 37

| Apr precipitation mm = 68

| May precipitation mm = 175

| Jun precipitation mm = 283

| Jul precipitation mm = 370

| Aug precipitation mm = 257

| Sep precipitation mm = 266

| Oct precipitation mm = 145

| Nov precipitation mm = 24

| Dec precipitation mm = 7

| year precipitation mm = 1667

| unit precipitation days = 1 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 2

| Feb precipitation days = 2

| Mar precipitation days = 3

| Apr precipitation days = 5

| May precipitation days = 11

| Jun precipitation days = 17

| Jul precipitation days = 21

| Aug precipitation days = 21

| Sep precipitation days = 16

| Oct precipitation days = 9

| Nov precipitation days = 2

| Dec precipitation days = 1

| year precipitation days = 110

|Jan humidity=77

|Feb humidity=72

|Mar humidity=69

|Apr humidity=72

|May humidity=77

|Jun humidity=84

|Jul humidity=87

|Aug humidity=86

|Sep humidity=86

|Oct humidity=83

|Nov humidity=79

|Dec humidity=78

|year humidity=

| Jan sun = 188.9

| Feb sun = 203.9

| Mar sun = 221.9

| Apr sun = 217.7

| May sun = 206.5

| Jun sun = 141.5

| Jul sun = 127.0

| Aug sun = 133.8

| Sep sun = 145.2

| Oct sun = 188.4

| Nov sun = 201.2

| Dec sun = 183.2

| year sun = 2159.2

| source 1 = NOAA{{cite web

|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Bangladesh/CSV/Jessore_41936.csv

|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Jessore

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = June 13, 2024}}

|source 2 = Bangladesh Meteorological Department (humidity 1981-2010){{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181224171550/http://bmd.gov.bd/file/2016/08/17/pdf/21827.pdf | archive-date = 24 December 2018 | url = http://bmd.gov.bd/file/2016/08/17/pdf/21827.pdf | title = Climate of Bangladesh | publisher = Bangladesh Meteorological Department | access-date = 24 December 2018}}{{cite web

| url = http://www.bmd.gov.bd/?/p/=Monthly-Humidity-Normal-Data

| title = Normal Monthly Humidity

| publisher = Bangladesh Meteorological Department

| access-date = 31 January 2016}}

}}

• Upazilas of Bangladesh
• Districts of Bangladesh
• Divisions of Bangladesh
• Upazila
• Thana

{{notelist}}

{{Commons category|Jashore}}

{{reflist}}

{{Bangladesh cities}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Populated places in Khulna Division

Category:Municipalities of Bangladesh