Jhenaidah
{{short description|City and District headquarter of Jhenaidah District}}
{{about|the city|the district|Jhenaidah District|the subdistrict|Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Jhenaidah
| other_name =
| native_name = ঝিনাইদহ
| settlement_type = City & Municipality
| nickname =
| image_skyline = Roads of jhenaidah - 6.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Roads of jhenaidah
| image_flag =
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| map_caption1 =
| pushpin_map = Bangladesh Khulna division#Bangladesh
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bangladesh
| coordinates = {{coord|23.541668|N|89.183334|E|type:city_region:BD|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| subdivision_type1 = Division
| subdivision_name1 = Khulna
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Jhenaidah
| subdivision_type3 = Upazila
| subdivision_name3 = Jhenaidah Sadar
| subdivision_type4 =
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| government_footnotes =
| government_type = Mayor–Council
| governing_body = Jhenaidah Municipality
| leader_title = Paura Mayor
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| established_title2 = Municipality
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| area_magnitude =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 32.42
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| population_total = 140256
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_as_of =
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| population_blank1_title = Rank
| population_blank1 = 19th
| population_blank2_title = Religions
| timezone = Bangladesh Time
| utc_offset = +6
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 7300{{cite web |url=http://www.geopostcodes.com |title=ZIP Code database of Bangladesh|publisher=Geopostcodes.com|access-date=11 June 2008}}
| blank_name = National Dialing Code
| blank_info = +880
| blank1_name = Local Dialing Code
| blank1_info =
}}
Jhenaidah ({{langx|bn|ঝিনাইদহ}}) is a city in the Khulna Division of south-western Bangladesh.{{cite web|url=http://geonames.nga.mil/ggmagaz|title=NGA GeoNames Database|publisher=National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|access-date=2 January 2015}} Jhenaidah is the headquarters of Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila and Jhenaidah District.{{cite book |last=Bhuiyan |first=Md Abu Taher |year=2012 |chapter=Jhenaidah Sadar Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Jhenaidah_Sadar_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh}} The city has a population of about 140,000, making it the 19th largest city in Bangladesh. It is the fourth largest city in the Khulna division, after Khulna, Kushtia, and Jessore.{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/National%20Reports/Population%20%20Housing%20Census%202011.pdf |title=Population & Housing Census-2011: Urban Area Report |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |page=11 |access-date= 2019-10-06}}
Etymology
This area was once very popular for trading oysters. In the past, people of this area used to collect a huge quantity of oysters from the river bed Nabaganga and the adjacent {{transl|bn|khaals}} and {{transl|bn|beels}}. It is believed that the name of the aea might have derived from Jhinuk.{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/National%20Reports/Population%20%20Housing%20Census%202011.pdf |title=Population & Housing Census-2011: Urban Area Report |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |page=70 |access-date= 2019-10-06}}
History
Jhenaidah, the largest city of Jhenaidah District, likely came into existence in the middle of the 18th century. Previously, it was a part of Greater Kushtia, itself once a part of Greater Nadia.
Demographics
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Jhenaidah city (2011)
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|Islam|green|87.23}}
{{bar percent|Hinduism|darkorange|12.71}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.06}}
}}
According to the 2022 Bangladesh census, Jhenaidah city had a population of 140,256.{{Cite book |url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-11-20-05-20-e6676a7993679bfd72a663e39ef0cca7.pdf |title=Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |date=November 2023 |isbn= |volume=1 |pages=}}{{rp||pages=388-394}}
According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Jhenaidah city had 25,286 households and a population of 107,834. 18,813 (17.45%) were under 10 years of age. Jhenaidah had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 68.09%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 959 females per 1000 males.{{cite web |title=Population & Housing Census 2011 (Zila Series & Community Series) |url=https://bbs.gov.bd/site/page/47856ad0-7e1c-4aab-bd78-892733bc06eb/- |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics}}
Administration
The city consists of a paurashava which is further divided into 9 wards and 34 Mahalla
Wards & included mahallas are
| class="wikitable" | |
| Ward no. | Mahallas |
|---|---|
| 1 | Bhutiargati, Khudropara, Gobindopur, Pabohati, Udaypur |
| 2 | Kalikapur, Shatbaria, Municipal office area, Mahila college area, North Hamdah |
| 3 | Chhoto kamarkundu, Dari gobindopur, Shikarpur, South Hamdah |
| 4 | Hamdah, Kanchanpur |
| 5 | Beparypara |
| 6 | Jhenaidah, Kalabagan, North Kanchannagar, South Kanchannagar |
| 7 | South khordo jhenaidah, Bergram, Lokkhikhol, Mothurapur, Mahishakundu |
| 8 | North kordha jhenaidah, Arappur, Khajura |
| 9 | Muraridah, Char Muraridah, East arappur. |
Transport
Jhenaidah is the road transport hub of its district. It is on the Daulatdia–Mongla Highway (N7). The stretch that runs east to Magura, about {{convert|27|km}} away, was the second deadliest in Bangladesh as of 2004.{{cite web |url=http://www.rhd.gov.bd/RoadMasterPlan/RoadMasterPlan.pdf |title=Road Master Plan |year=2009 |publisher=Bangladesh Roads and Highways Department |page=60 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221175258/http://www.rhd.gov.bd/RoadMasterPlan/RoadMasterPlan.pdf |archive-date=2014-02-21 |access-date=2012-12-12}} The length that runs south to Jessore, about {{convert|45|km}} away, is the busiest segment of the highway.{{cite book |last1=Sharkia |first1=S. |last2=Haque |first2=M. N. |last3=Bhuiya |first3=M. S. K. |date=21 August 2015 |chapter=Structural condition assessment of bridges and culverts in national highway N7 |chapter-url=http://www.iabse-bd.org/session/70.pdf |title=IABSE-JSCE Joint Conference on Advances in Bridge Engineering-III |publisher=International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering |page=428 |isbn=978-984-33-9313-5}} To the west it is connected by regional highway R745 to Chuadanga, {{convert|36|km}} away. National highway N704 splits off the N7 north to Kushtia, {{convert|47|km}} distant.{{cite web |url=http://www.rhd.gov.bd/RHDMaps/Maps/Khulna_Zone.pdf |title=RHD Road Network, Khulna Zone |author= |date=May 2005 |website=Roads and Highways Department |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123203252/http://www.rhd.gov.bd:80/RHDMaps/Maps/Khulna_Zone.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-23 |access-date=2014-07-25}}
Education
The literacy rate (age 7 years and above) is 67.2%.
Jhenaidah is known as important educational city of Khulna division. Educational institutions of Jhenaidah city are
- Jhenaidah Cadet College (Almost every year, it becomes first in Jessore board)
- Government K.C. College Jhenaidah
- Jhenaidah Government High School
- Jhenaidah Government Girls High School
- Kanchannagar Model High School and College
- Shaheen Cadet School, Jhenaidah
- Institute of Health and Technology
- Jhenaidah Polytechnical Institute
- Agricultural Training Institute, Jhenaidah
Aside from these, there are Jhenaidah Government Veterinary College, Sheikh Kamal Textile Engineering College, and Islamic University Bangladesh outside Jhenaidah municipality.