Jitpursimara
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jitpursimara
| native_name = जीतपुर सिमरा
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Sub-Metropolitan City
| image_skyline = Jitpursimara.jpg
| image_caption = Simara Bazar
| image_size = 300px
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| nickname = Simara
| motto =
| image_map =
| mapsize = 300px
| map_caption = Map of the sub-metropolitan city in Bara district
| pushpin_map = Nepal
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Nepal
| coordinates = {{coord|27.16|84.98|type:adm2nd_region:NP_source:unmaps-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Nepal
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name1 = Madhesh
| subdivision_name2 = Bara
| established_title =
| established_date = 10 March 2017
| government_footnotes =
| government_type =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Mr.Rajan paudel (NCP)
| leader_title1 = Deputy Mayor
| leader_name1 = Mr Bhola Adhikari (NCP)
| unit_pref =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 309.67
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 117,094
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities
| population_note =
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code = 053
| website = [http://www.jeetpursimaramun.gov.np www.jeetpursimaramun.gov.np]
| footnotes = |
| timezone = Nepal Time
| utc_offset = +5:45
| timezone_DST =
| utc_offset_DST =
| blank_name =
| blank_info =
}}
Jitpursimara (also Jeetpursimara or Jeetpur Simara) is a sub-metropolitan city in Bara District in Province No. 2 of southern Nepal that was formed on 10 March 2017 after merging Gadhimai Municipality, Inarwasira, Amlekhganj, as well as parts of Manharwa, Haraiya and Rampur Tokani to form a new sub-metropolitan city.{{Cite news|url=http://www.myrepublica.com/news/13826/|title=Kalaiya residents agitate demanding sub metropolitan city|work=My Republica|access-date=2017-06-16|language=en|archive-date=2017-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129042720/http://www.myrepublica.com/news/13826|url-status=live}} At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, the former settlements that would make up the sub-metropolitan city had a joint population of 117,094 people living in 21,670 individual households.{{cite web|title=National Population and Housing Census 2011|url=http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/2017/Population_Ward_Level_753_Local_Unit.pdf|publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics|access-date=1 May 2018|date=November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127085017/http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/2017/Population_Ward_Level_753_Local_Unit.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2018|url-status=dead}}
Geography
Jitpur Simara lies in the Terrai region of Nepal. To the north, it borders Hetauda Sub-metropolitan city, to south and west Birgunj Metropolitan City, and to the east Kalaiya sub-metropolitan city.
It is regarded as the youngest sub-metropolitan city in the country.{{Cite web|url=http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/nepalcensus/form.php?selection=1|title=Nepal Census 2001|work=Nepal's Village Development Committees|publisher=Digital Himalaya|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012163506/http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/nepalcensus/form.php?selection=1|archive-date=12 October 2008|url-status=dead|access-date=9 December 2008}}
=Climate=
The highest temperature ever recorded in Simara was {{convert|42.8|°C}} on 6 June 1979, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was {{convert|1.0|°C}} on 23 January 1985.{{cite web |url=http://www.dhm.gov.np/uploads/climatic/1368567860Ext%20temp%20of%20November.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-02-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201452/http://www.dhm.gov.np/uploads/climatic/1368567860Ext%20temp%20of%20November.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
{{Weather box
|location = Simara Airport 137m (1991-2020 normals)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan high C = 21.1
|Feb high C = 25.8
|Mar high C = 31.0
|Apr high C = 35.1
|May high C = 35.2
|Jun high C = 34.5
|Jul high C = 33.0
|Aug high C = 33.1
|Sep high C = 32.8
|Oct high C = 31.9
|Nov high C = 29.0
|Dec high C = 24.1
|year high C = 30.6
|Jan mean C = 14.4
|Feb mean C = 17.9
|Mar mean C = 22.4
|Apr mean C = 27.2
|May mean C = 29.2
|Jun mean C = 29.9
|Jul mean C = 29.4
|Aug mean C = 29.4
|Sep mean C = 28.6
|Oct mean C = 26.0
|Nov mean C = 21.5
|Dec mean C = 16.8
|year mean C = 24.4
|Jan low C = 7.6
|Feb low C = 9.9
|Mar low C = 13.8
|Apr low C = 19.2
|May low C = 23.2
|Jun low C = 25.3
|Jul low C = 25.7
|Aug low C = 25.6
|Sep low C = 24.4
|Oct low C = 20.1
|Nov low C = 13.9
|Dec low C = 9.5
|year low C = 18.2
|precipitation colour= green
|Jan precipitation mm = 14.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 15.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 17.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 41.8
|May precipitation mm = 135.5
|Jun precipitation mm = 272.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 549.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 422.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 254.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 68.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 4.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 7.7
|year precipitation mm = 1803.0
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 1.7
|Feb precipitation days = 1.8
|Mar precipitation days = 2.0
|Apr precipitation days = 4.1
|May precipitation days = 8.9
|Jun precipitation days = 12.8
|Jul precipitation days = 18.7
|Aug precipitation days = 15.5
|Sep precipitation days = 11.8
|Oct precipitation days = 3.4
|Nov precipitation days = 0.5
|Dec precipitation days = 0.7
|year precipitation days = 81.9
|source 1 = Department of Hydrology and Meteorology{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231014124305/https://nepalindata.com/media/resources/items/0/bPRECIPITATION_NORMAL_MM_1991-2020.pdf
| archive-date = 14 October 2023
| url = https://nepalindata.com/media/resources/items/0/bPRECIPITATION_NORMAL_MM_1991-2020.pdf
| title = PRECIPITATION NORMAL (MM) (1991-2020)
| publisher= Department of Hydrology and Meteorology
| access-date = 14 October 2023}}
|source 2 = World Meteorological Organization{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231014221403/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Nepal/CSV/Simara_44449.csv
| archive-date = 14 October 2023
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Nepal/CSV/Simara_44449.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 15 October 2023}}}}
Infrastructure
Simara Airport lies in Old-Pipara Simara offering flights to Kathmandu and is the nearest airport from Kathmandu.{{cite web|title=Simara Airport|url=http://www.caanepal.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/SIMARA-AIRPORT.pdf|publisher=Civil Aviation authority of Nepal|access-date=1 October 2018|archive-date=7 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907083407/http://www.caanepal.gov.np/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/SIMARA-AIRPORT.pdf|url-status=live}}
Mahendra Highway & Tribhuvan Highway link Jitpur Simara to different regions of Nepal as well as to the Indian Border.
=Amlekhganj Raxaul Railway=
The Amlekhganj Raxaul railway has been a historic monument since India was a British colony. The railway was constructed to transport logs and sleepers. It led to the opening of major roads and construction of the infrastructure. This railway is at the verge of extinction due to the illegal encroachment of lands/buildings and deforestation by gangs.{{Cite web|url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/8537/|title=Land of Nepal Railway in Raxaul remains unutilized|last=Yadav|first=Upendra|website=My Republica|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19|archive-date=2018-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219134246/https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/8537/|url-status=live}}
= Facilities =
=Parsa National Park=
A newly founded park hosts elephants, one horned rhinoceros, "nilgai", diverse birds, python etc. The park is based on "charkose jhhadi".{{Cite web|url=https://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2018-01-28/parsa-national-park-welcomes-baby-elephant.html|title=Parsa National Park welcomes baby elephant|website=kathmandupost.ekantipur.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19|archive-date=2018-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219090858/https://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2018-01-28/parsa-national-park-welcomes-baby-elephant.html|url-status=live}}
Dumarwana
Dumarwana is located in the north east corner of the metropolitan region. It is the center of agriculture. A special economic zone is in development. Protection and development of the sugar mill land has been controversial. It created a loss of billions rupees of taxpayer money. Illegal occupation of government lands impeded the development of the local area and caused the loss of significant agricultural jobs. The plan is to recover these encroached lands and reestablish the Birgunj Sugar Mill for farmers. Destruction of the natural forest and river by domestic and cross border gangs created flood and desertization of fertile lands. Electricity theft using unauthorized hooks disturbed electricity availability.{{Cite web|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2013-04-02/early-sowing-of-maize-seeds-blamed-for-repeated-crop-failures-369374.html|title=Early sowing of maize seeds blamed for repeated crop failures|website=kathmandupost.ekantipur.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19|archive-date=2018-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219090844/http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2013-04-02/early-sowing-of-maize-seeds-blamed-for-repeated-crop-failures-369374.html|url-status=live}}
References
{{Bara District}}
{{Metropolitan Municipalities of Nepal}}
Category:Populated places in Bara District