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John Holmes Jackson

{{short description|American politician}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = John Holmes Jackson

| image = John Holmes Jackson Better.png

| caption =

| office1 = 24th and 26th Mayor of Burlington, Vermont

| term_start1 = April 1, 1929

| term_end1 = April 3, 1933

| predecessor1 = Clarence H. Beecher

| successor1 = James Edmund Burke

| term_start2 = April 2, 1917

| term_end2 = April 6, 1925

| predecessor2 = Albert S. Drew

| successor2 = Clarence H. Beecher

| office3 = Member of the
Vermont House of Representatives
from Burlington

| term_start3 = January 5, 1921

| term_end3 = January 2, 1923

| predecessor3 = Theodore E. Hopkins

| successor3 = Levi P. Smith

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{birth date|1871|03|21}}

| birth_place = Montreal, Canada

| death_date = {{death date and age|1944|12|15|1871|03|21}}

| death_place = Burlington, Vermont, U.S.

|restingplace = Lakeview Cemetery,
Burlington, Vermont

| party = Democratic

| otherparty = Bull Moose

| spouse = Caroline Deming Smalley

| children = 1

| relatives = David Allen Smalley (Grandfather-in-law)
Bradley Smalley (father-in-law)
Samuel Hollister Jackson (brother)
Horatio Nelson Jackson (brother)

| education = Philadelphia Dental College

| signature =

}}

John Holmes Jackson (March 21, 1871 – December 15, 1944) was an American dentist and politician who served as the 24th and 26th Mayor of Burlington, Vermont. He represented Burlington in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1921 to 1923.

Jackson was born in Montreal, Canada, and educated in Kingston, Ontario, before graduating from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery. His family was active in politics with his brother Samuel Hollister Jackson being elected lieutenant governor and his father-in-law being Bradley Smalley. He moved to Burlington in 1896, and became active in politics in the 1910s with an unsuccessful campaign for school commissioner as a Progressive.

The Democratic Party gave its mayoral nomination to Jackson in 1917, and he defeated incumbent Albert S. Drew. Jackson never lost a mayoral election and sometimes received both the Republican and Democratic nominations. He oversaw Burlington's response to the Spanish flu and Great Depression while also reforming its garbage collection system, motorizing the fire department, hiring its first female police officer, and replacing its trolley system with busses. Jackson and James Edmund Burke opposed each other in the 1929 and 1931 elections, but Jackson endorsed Burke to be his successor.

Jackson was a delegate to multiple state and national conventions, serving as the chair of the Democratic delegation to the 1920 national convention and receiving a vote during the presidential balloting of the 1924 convention. He unsuccessfully ran for governor in 1922, and lieutenant governor in 1930.

Early life

John Holmes Jackson was born in Montreal, Canada, on March 21, 1871, to Samuel Nelson Jackson (1838–1913) and Mary Ann Parkyn (1843–1916).{{sfn|Obituary|1944}}{{sfn|Father Death|1913}}{{sfn|Mother Death|1916}} His father, a Canadian born to American parents, was a Congregationalist pastor who attended the International Congregational Council in 1891.{{sfn|Samuel Nelson Jackson|1899}} Jackson was educated in Kingston, Ontario, and graduated from the Collegiate Institute in Kingston.{{sfn|Obituary|1944}}

In 1890, Jackson graduated with a dental degree from the Philadelphia Dental College in the United States, and performed dentistry in Barre, Vermont, before moving to Burlington, Vermont, in 1896.{{sfn|Obituary|1944}} He was appointed to the Vermont State Dental Society's executive committee in 1899,{{sfn|Dental Society|1899}} became president in 1903, and was appointed to Vermont's board of dental examiners by Governor Charles J. Bell in 1904.{{sfn|Dental Examiners|1904}}{{sfn|Obituary|1944}}

Early politics

Jackson ran for a seat on the Burlington school commission from the 6th ward with the Bull Moose nomination in 1913,{{sfn|Nomination|1913}} but placed third behind Republican nominee Roy L. Patrick and Democratic nominee John W. Coffey.{{sfn|Election|1913}} In 1914, was selected as a committee-member for the Burlington Bull Moose Party from the 6th ward and was a delegate to the party's state convention.{{sfn|Progressive Delegates|1914}}

Mayor

=Elections=

The Burlington Democrats gave their mayoral nomination to Jackson on February 16, 1917, by a unanimous vote.{{sfn|Nomination|1917}} He defeated incumbent Republican Albert S. Drew by ten votes.{{sfn|Election|1917}} He defeated Republican nominees Harris R. Watkins in 1919,{{sfn|Election|1919}} and William B. McKillip in 1921.{{sfn|Election|1921}}

Roy L. Patrick, the president of the board of aldermen, declined to seek the Republican mayoral nomination in 1923. State Senator Martin S. Vilas put forward Jackson for the nomination and the Republican caucus accepted it. It was the first time in Burlington's history that the Republicans endorsed the Democratic mayoral candidate{{sfn|No Opposition|1923}}{{sfn|First Time|1923}} and Jackson won without opposition.{{sfn|Election|1923}} The Democratic caucus gave its nomination to Jackson on February 4, 1925,{{sfn|Nomination|1925}} but he declined to run on February 7.{{sfn|Declined|1925}} Republican Clarence H. Beecher was elected to succeed him.{{sfn|Election|1925}} Jackson was appointed to a five-year term as a Burlington park commissioner after leaving office.{{sfn|Park|1925}}

In 1929, Jackson defeated James Edmund Burke for the Democratic nomination{{sfn|Dem Nomination|1929}} and also received the Republican nomination.{{sfn|Rep Nomination|1929}} Burke claimed that Jackson won the Democratic nomination due to it being packed with Republicans.{{sfn|Pack|1929}} He defeated Burke, running as an independent,{{sfn|Independent|1929}} in the general election{{sfn|Election|1929}} after the two participated in a debate hosted by the League of Women Voters.{{sfn|Debate|1929}}

Burke backed a group of successful anti-Jackson candidates in the 1930 elections, including one elected to the board of aldermen.{{sfn|Insurgent|1930}} In 1931, Jackson lost the Democratic nomination to Burke,{{sfn|Dem Nomination|1931}} but won the election as the nominee of the People and Republican parties.{{sfn|Rep Nomination|1931}}{{sfn|Election|1931}} Jackson declined to run for reelection in 1933 and endorsed Burke, who won.{{sfn|No Run|1933}}{{sfn|Election|1933}} The Republicans wanted Jackson to run for mayor in 1935,{{sfn|Run|1935}} but he declined to do so and supported Burke again.{{sfn|No Run|1935}}

=Tenure=

File:Burning Trolley in Burlington.png

During the Spanish flu outbreak Jackson opened a dispensary in city hall to sell whisky for medical use.{{sfn|Spanish Flu|1918}} The city started distributing 1,200 loaves of bread per week in 1932 in response to the Great Depression.{{sfn|Depression|1932}} A report on November 1, 1932, showed that 563 families, including 1,421 children, were reliant on the city's charity department.{{sfn|Charity|1932}} The charity department's expenses rose from $20,982.51 in 1923, to $34,151.06 in 1928, and $101,460.83 in 1932.{{sfn|Charity Expense|1933}}

File:Patrick J. Russell.png

Jackson created the position of police matron within the police department with the purpose of providing assistance to women and investigating housing conditions, but this not have the power to arrest anybody. He appointed Edith McCully, but the resigned on October 22, 1917, and the position was vacant until N.E.L. Austin was appointed on June 1, 1918. She held the position for 21 years and became the city's first female police officer in 1920.{{sfn|Beerworth|2015|pp=70-72}} Patrick J. Russell, the chief of police since 1903, died on July 29, 1931, and Patrick J. Cosgrove was appointed to replace him{{sfn|Beerworth|2015|p=97}} on September 12.{{sfn|Cosgrove|1931}}

Prior to 1922, garbage in the city was collected by seven men with teams on eight routes. The system was reformed and expanded so that four men, with a wagon of their own that contained a zinc-lined box, collected garbage in the city that was now divided into four sections. The garbage was dumped at the University of Vermont's farm.{{sfn|Garbage Committee|1922}}{{sfn|Garbage Law|1922}}{{sfn|Garbage|1922}}

The mayoral salary was raised from $500 per year to $1,500 per year in 1918.{{sfn|Salary|1918}} The fire department was motorized during Jackson's tenure.{{sfn|Achievements|1929}} The city's trolley system, which was formed in 1885, was transformed into a bus system in 1929, and a trolley car was ceremonially burned on August 4.{{sfn|Trolley|1929}}{{sfn|Trolley|2024}}

{{col-begin}}

{{col-2}}

class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"

|+Composition of the Board of Aldermen{{efn|Each ward has two aldermen elected from it}}

Year

!President

!colspan="2"| Ward 1

!colspan="2"| Ward 2

!colspan="2"| Ward 3

1917

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Eugene A. Luck{{sfn|President|1917}}{{sfn|President|1918}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | C.L. Woodbury{{sfn|Ward Election|1917}}{{sfn|1919 Election|1919}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Roy Lamson{{sfn|Ward Election|1916}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Eugene A. Luck{{sfn|Ward Election|1917}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | George J. Gratton{{sfn|Ward Election|1916}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Charles Caise{{sfn|Ward Election|1917}}{{sfn|1919 Election|1919}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Edward B. Bessette{{sfn|Ward Election|1916}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}

1918

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | George D. McBride{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}{{sfn|1920 Election|1920}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | F.A. Deyette{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}{{sfn|1920 Election|1920}}

1919

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}}| C.L. Woodbury{{sfn|Board President|1919}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Clarence H. Beecher{{sfn|1919 Election|1919}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}

1920

!rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | J.E. Larocque{{sfn|1920 Election|1920}}

1921

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}}| Roy L. Patrick{{sfn|Board President|1921}}{{sfn|Board President|1922}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | W.H. Crockett{{sfn|1921 Election|1921}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1923}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Michael Frank{{sfn|1921 Election|1921}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Independent}} | John B. Lambert{{efn|Elected with the Citizen's nomination}}{{sfn|1921 Election|1921}}

1922

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | H.A. Richardson{{efn|Died on August 16, 1922}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1922}}{{sfn|Richardson Death|1922}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Clarence H. Beecher{{sfn|Ward Election|1922}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Charles Caise{{sfn|Ward Election|1922}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1924}}

1923

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Clarence H. Beecher{{sfn|Annual Report|1923|p=3}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | George L. Edwards{{efn|Elected in special election on September 14, 1922, to fill vacancy created by H.A. Richardson's death.}}{{sfn|Special Election|1922}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1924}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Barnet Frank{{sfn|Ward Election|1923}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | B.A. Altieri{{sfn|Ward Election|1923}}

1924

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | George L. Edwards{{sfn|President|1924}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Ralph H. Robinson{{sfn|Ward Election|1924}}

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

1929

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Harry C. Wheelock{{sfn|President|1929}}{{sfn|Wheelock|1930}}{{sfn|President|1931}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | D.H. Cameron{{sfn|Election|1929}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Sedgwick A. Rand{{sfn|Ward Election|1928}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1930}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Frank H. Brown{{sfn|Election|1929}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | J. W. Stevens{{sfn|Ward Election|1928}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1930}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | William Delorme{{sfn|Election|1929}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | William Thynne{{efn|Reelected in 1930 as the nominee of the Citizen's Party against Republican and Democratic opponents.}} {{sfn|Ward Election|1928}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1930}}

1930
1931

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | D.W. Doane{{sfn|Ward Election|1931}}{{sfn|Candidates|1931}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Merton W. Preston{{sfn|Ward Election|1931}}{{sfn|Candidates|1931}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Charles Caise{{sfn|Ward Election|1931}}{{sfn|Candidates|1931}}

1932

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | F.W. Shepardson{{sfn|Annual Report|1932|p=3}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Roswell Bromley{{sfn|Ward Election|1932}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1932|p=3}}

! {{Party shading/Democratic}} | John J. Burns{{sfn|Ward Election|1932}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Ernest A. Limoge{{sfn|Ward Election|1932}}

Year

!President

!colspan="2"| Ward 4

!colspan="2"| Ward 5

!colspan="2"| Ward 6

1917

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Eugene A. Luck

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Victor A. Bergeron{{sfn|Ward Election|1916}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Harold F. Wakefield{{sfn|Ward Election|1917}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | F.W. Baylies{{sfn|Ward Election|1916}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Arthur G. Mansur{{sfn|Ward Election|1917}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | J. Lindley Hall{{sfn|Ward Election|1916}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Charles L. Dolan{{sfn|Ward Election|1917}}

1918

! rowspan="5" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Frank Dwyer{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}{{sfn|1919 Election|1919}}{{sfn|1921 Election|1921}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Jed P. Ladd{{sfn|Ward Election|1918}}

1919

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | C.L. Woodbury

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Edward Hanbridge{{sfn|1919 Election|1919}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}{{sfn|1921 Election|1921}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Roy L. Patrick{{sfn|1919 Election|1919}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}{{sfn|1921 Election|1921}}

1920

! rowspan="5" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Edward H. McGrath{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}{{sfn|1920 Election|1920}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1922}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1924}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | E.O. Mitiguy{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}{{sfn|1920 Election|1920}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | William H. Wilson{{sfn|Annual Report|1920|p=3}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1923|p=3}}{{sfn|1920 Election|1920}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1922}}

1921

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}}| Roy L. Patrick

1922

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Lewis G. Irwin{{sfn|Ward Election|1922}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1923|p=3}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1924}}

1923

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Clarence H. Beecher

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Joseph E. Moore{{sfn|Ward Election|1923}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | D.L. Sanders{{sfn|Ward Election|1923}}

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Lyman P. Wood{{sfn|Ward Election|1923}}

1924

! {{Party shading/Republican}} |George L. Edwards

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | R.L. Soule{{sfn|Ward Election|1924}}

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

1929

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Harry C. Wheelock

! rowspan="4" | Charles Ables{{efn|Elected in 1929 as the nominee of the Citizen's Party. Resigned on April 21, 1932, and was replaced by Francis D. Foley}}{{sfn|Election|1929}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1931}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1932|p=3}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Hugh L. Finnegan{{sfn|Ward Election|1928}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1930}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Frank S. Lanou{{sfn|Election|1929}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1931}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1932|p=3}}

! rowspan="3" {{Party shading/Republican}} | Harry C. Wheelock{{sfn|Ward Election|1928}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1930}}

! rowspan="4" {{Party shading/Republican}} | F.W. Shepardson{{sfn|Election|1929}}{{sfn|Ward Election|1931}}{{sfn|Annual Report|1932|p=3}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Ben B. Lane{{sfn|Ward Election|1928}}

1930

! rowspan="2" {{Party shading/Republican}} | John H. Patrick{{sfn|Ward Election|1930}}

1931
1932

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | F.W. Shepardson

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Louis F. Dow{{sfn|Ward Election|1932}}

! {{Party shading/Republican}} | Ethan V. Howard{{sfn|Ward Election|1932}}

{{col-end}}

State politics

Jackson defeated Republican nominee Levi P. Smith for a seat in the Vermont House of Representatives representing Burlington in 1920, and served one term.{{sfn|Election|1920}}{{sfn|Obituary|1944}} He was chair of the suffrage and elections committee.{{sfn|Chair|1921}} He received the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1922, with Harry C. Shurtleff as lieutenant governor,{{sfn|Nomination|1922}} but he was defeated by Republican nominee Redfield Proctor Jr. in the election.{{sfn|Election|1922}} The Democratic lieutenant gubernatorial nomination was given to Jackson in 1930,{{sfn|Dem Nomination|1930}} but he lost to Republican nominee Benjamin Williams in the general election.{{sfn|Election|1930}}

The 1920 Vermont Democratic Convention, which Jackson was a delegate to,{{sfn|State Convention|1920}} selected him as one of the delegates to the national convention.{{sfn|National Convention|1920}} Jackson was the chair of the Democratic delegation while his brother Horatio Nelson Jackson was chair of the delegation to the Republican National Convention.{{sfn|Brothers|1920}}{{sfn|Obituary|1944}} Charles L. Woodbury, president of the board of aldermen, served as acting mayor while Jackson was at the convention.{{sfn|Acting|1920}}

Seven of Vermont's eight delegates to the 1924 Democratic National Convention were selected without opposition.{{sfn|National Convention|1924}} Jackson was a delegate to the 1924 state convention{{sfn|State Convention|1924}} and defeated J.P. Kelly to become a delegate.{{sfn|National Convention|1924}} Jackson returned to Burlington during the convention to resume his duties as mayor and was replaced by alternate delegate George R. Stackpole.{{sfn|Stackpole|1924}} Arthur H. Gleason, another member of Vermont's delegation, voted for Jackson on the 39th presidential nomination ballot.{{sfn|Ballot 39|1924}}{{sfn|Gleason|1924}}{{sfn|Ostermeier|2015}}

During the 1928 presidential election Jackson was a delegate to the state convention,{{sfn|State Convention|1928}} vice-chair of the Al Smith for President Club in Chittenden county,{{sfn|Vice Chair|1928}} and chair of the Smith for President club in Burlington.{{sfn|Chair|1928}} Jackson and his wife were delegates to the 1932 state convention{{sfn|State Convention|1932}} and his wife attended the national convention as a delegate with 1/2 a vote.{{sfn|Wife Delegate|1932}} The 1936 state convention, which Jackson was a delegate to,{{sfn|State Convention|1936}} elected him as a delegate to the national convention,{{sfn|Convention|1936}} but he was replaced by alternate delegate Fred C. Martin due to him being sick.{{sfn|Sick|1936}}

Later life

Jackson was appointed director of the Federal Housing Administration in Vermont in 1934, and served until his death,{{sfn|Obituary|1944}} after which Frederick C. Hinchey was appointed.{{sfn|Hinchey|1944}} During World War II, Jackson, James J. Carney, and Phillips M. Bell were appointed by Governor William Wills to serve as Burlington's rationing board.{{sfn|Typewriter|1942}}{{sfn|Tire|1942}} On December 15, 1944, Jackson died at the Bishop DeGoesbriand Hospital and was buried at the Lakeview Cemetery.{{sfn|Obituary|1944}}

Personal life

{{multiple image

| align = right

| total_width = 320

| image1 = Samuel Nelson Jackson Better.png

| alt1 = Photograph of Samuel Nelson Jackson

| caption1 = Samuel Nelson Jackson, the father of John Holmes Jackson

| image2 = Sons of Samuel Nelson Jackson.png

| alt2 = Photographs of John Holmes Jackson and his four brothers

| caption2 = John Holmes Jackson and his four brothers

| image3 = Caroline Deming Smalley.png

| alt3 = Photograph of Caroline Deming Smalley

| caption3 = Caroline Deming Smalley

| footer =

}}

Samuel Hollister Jackson, Jackson's brother, became the lieutenant governor of Vermont and died during the Great Vermont Flood of 1927{{sfn|Obituary|1944}} while his other brother Horatio Nelson Jackson was the first person to cross the United States in a car.{{sfn|Jackson|1911|p=58}}

Jackson was put on trial in 1894 for interfering with an officer while he was beating a criminal and was found not guilty.{{sfn|Trial|1894}} He was one of 373 people in Vermont and one of 43 in Burlington to own a registered car in 1905.{{sfn|Car|1905}}

Jackson married Caroline Deming Smalley, with whom he had one child, on June 4, 1901.{{sfn|Marriage|1901}}{{sfn|Obituary|1944}} Caroline was the daughter of Bradley Smalley, a member of the Democratic National Committee, and granddaughter of David Allen Smalley.{{sfn|Bradley Smalley|1906}} After his death, the couple donated land that formerly belonged to Caroline's father to become a park in Burlington.{{sfn|Donation|1920}} During Jackson's career as mayor he appointed Caroline to the library board of commissioners.{{sfn|Wife Appoint|1929}}

Electoral history

{{Election box begin no change|title = 1913 Burlington, Vermont School Commission 6th Ward election{{sfn|Election|1913}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John W. Coffey

|votes = 184

|percentage = 43.40%

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = Roy L. Patrick

|votes = 152

|percentage = 35.85%

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Bull Moose Party

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 88

|percentage = 20.75%

|change =

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 424

|percentage = 100.00%

|change =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title = 1917 Burlington, Vermont mayoral election{{sfn|Election|1917}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 1,416

|percentage = 50.11%

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = Albert S. Drew (incumbent)

|votes = 1,410

|percentage = 49.89%

|change =

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 2,826

|percentage = 100.00%

|change =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title = 1919 Burlington, Vermont mayoral election{{sfn|Election|1919}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes = 2,149

|percentage = 52.68%

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = Harris R. Watkins

|votes = 1,930

|percentage = 47.32%

|change =

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 4,079

|percentage = 100.00%

|change =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title = 1920 Vermont House of Representatives election{{sfn|Election|1920}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes = 3,009

|percentage = 50.62%

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = Levi P. Smith

|votes = 2,935

|percentage = 49.38%

|change =

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 5,944

|percentage = 100.00%

|change =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title = 1921 Burlington, Vermont mayoral election{{sfn|Election|1921}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes = 1,941

|percentage = 56.80%

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = William B. McKillip

|votes = 1,476

|percentage = 43.20%

|change =

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 3,417

|percentage = 100.00%

|change =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box open primary begin no change|title= 1922 Vermont gubernatorial election{{sfn|Primary|1922}}{{sfn|Election|1922}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 2,961

|percentage = 99.20%

}}

{{Election box write-in with party link no change

|votes = 24

|percentage = 0.80%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 2,985

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box open primary general election no change}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = Redfield Proctor Jr.

|votes = 49,161

|percentage = 71.97%

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Prohibition Party

|candidate = Redfield Proctor Jr.

|votes = 1,943

|percentage = 2.84%

}}

{{Election box winning candidate no change

|party = Total

|candidate = Redfield Proctor Jr.

|votes = 51,104

|percentage = 74.82%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 17,059

|percentage = 24.97%

}}

{{Election box write-in with party link no change

|votes = 144

|percentage = 0.21%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 68,307

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box open primary begin no change|title= 1929 Burlington, Vermont mayoral election{{sfn|Dem Nomination|1929}}{{sfn|Election|1929}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 162

|percentage = 52.09%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = James Edmund Burke

|votes = 149

|percentage = 47.91%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 311

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box open primary general election no change}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes =

|percentage =

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes =

|percentage =

}}

{{Election box winning candidate no change

|party = Total

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 3,426

|percentage = 59.27%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Independent politician

|candidate = James Edmund Burke

|votes = 2,354

|percentage = 40.73%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 5,780

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box open primary begin no change|title= 1930 Vermont gubernatorial election{{sfn|Primary|1930}}{{sfn|Election|1930}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 1,720

|percentage = 99.88%

}}

{{Election box write-in with party link no change

|votes = 2

|percentage = 0.12%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 1,722

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box open primary general election no change}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = Benjamin Williams

|votes = 49,635

|percentage = 69.97%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson

|votes = 21,301

|percentage = 30.03%

}}

{{Election box write-in with party link no change

|votes = 1

|percentage = 0.00%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 70,937

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box open primary begin no change|title= 1931 Burlington, Vermont mayoral election{{sfn|Dem Nomination|1931}}{{sfn|Election|1931}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = James Edmund Burke

|votes = 403

|percentage = 51.21%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes = 384

|percentage = 48.79%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 787

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box open primary general election no change}}

{{Election box winning candidate no change

|party = People's

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes =

|percentage =

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change

|party = Republican Party (United States)

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes =

|percentage =

}}

{{Election box winning candidate no change

|party = Total

|candidate = John Holmes Jackson (incumbent)

|votes = 3,743

|percentage = 53.75%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Democratic Party (United States)

|candidate = James Edmund Burke

|votes = 3,066

|percentage = 44.03%

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change

|party = Independent politician

|candidate = Ernest A. Limoge

|votes = 155

|percentage = 2.23%

}}

{{Election box total no change

|votes = 6,964

|percentage = 100.00%

}}

{{Election box end}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Notes

{{notelist}}

Works cited

{{refbegin|30em}}

=Books=

  • {{cite book |title=Fifty-Ninth Annual Report of the City of Burlington, Vermont |publisher=Burlington, Vermont |date=1923 |url=http://archive.org/details/annualreportofci00burl |ref={{harvid|Annual Report|1923}}}}
  • {{cite book |title=Fifty-Sixth Annual Report of the City of Burlington, Vermont |publisher=Burlington, Vermont |date=1920 |url=https://archive.org/details/annualreportofci00burl_6 |ref={{harvid|Annual Report|1920}}}}
  • {{cite book |title=Sixty-eighth Annual Report of the City of Burlington, Vermont |publisher=Burlington, Vermont |date=1932 |url=https://archive.org/details/annualburlvt1932 |ref={{harvid|Annual Report|1932}}}}
  • {{cite book |last=Beerworth |first=Jeffrey |title=Historic Crimes and Justice in Burlington, Vermont |publisher=The History Press |date=2015 |url=https://archive.org/details/historiccrimesju0000beer |isbn=9781467118408}}
  • {{cite book |last=Jackson |first=Samuel |title=A Branch of the Jackson and Correlated Families: 1730-1911 |publisher=Bartlett-Orr Press |date=1911 |url=https://archive.org/details/branchofjacksons01jack}}

=Newspapers=

  • {{Cite news |date=May 10, 1932 |title=105 Delegates Are Chosen By Democrats Here |page=6 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166197482/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|State Convention|1932}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=September 17, 1932 |title=1200 Loaves of Bread Per Week Issued In City |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166221441/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Depression|1932}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 18, 1932 |title=12 Nominated |page=1 |work=St. Albans Messenger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-albans-daily-messenger/166197861/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Wife Delegate|1932}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 22, 1920 |title=Acting Mayor |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165069871/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Acting|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=December 7, 1904 |title=Additional Executive Appointments |page=4 |work=St. Johnsbury Republican |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-johnsbury-republican/164785234/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Dental Examiners|1904}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=July 12, 1924 |title=Arthur H. Gleason |page=4 |work=The Caledonian-Record |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-caledonian-record/165368859/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Gleason|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=July 19, 1905 |title=Automobiles in Vermont |page=6 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164785535/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Car|1905}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 27, 1899 |title=Barre Enterprise |page=19 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/barre-enterprise/164736645/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Samuel Nelson Jackson|1899}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 11, 1918 |title=Big Boost In Salaries Ordered |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164928139/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Salary|1918}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 19, 1931 |title=Big Vote Is Expected at City Election |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166475906/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Candidates|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 13, 1929 |title=Both Parties Name Jackson |page=5 |work=Brattleboro Reformer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brattleboro-reformer/165534313/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Rep Nomination|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 8, 1933 |title=Burke Wins Mayoralty By Majority of 658 |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166226249/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1933}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 7, 1918 |title=Burlington Again In No-License Column |page=12 |work=Burlington Weekly Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-weekly-free-press/166471077/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1918}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 5, 1913 |title=Burlington City Election Results |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/164804406/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1913}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 2, 1929 |title=Burlington City Government Organizes For Sixty-Fifth Year |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/31482245/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|President|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 24, 1920 |title=Burlington Recipient of Magnificent Gift |page=1 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/165068419/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Donation|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=October 19, 1918 |title=Burlington Sells Whiskey |page=2 |work=St. Albans Messenger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-albans-daily-messenger/164927617/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Spanish Flu|1918}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 31, 1922 |title=City Begins Garbage Collection June 1 |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165116819/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Garbage|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 5, 1924 |title=City Election Tame Affair This Year |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166398316/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 5, 1917 |title=City Government Organizes For 1917 |page=9 |work=Burlington Weekly Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-weekly-free-press/31482029/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|President|1917}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 2, 1918 |title=City Government Organizes For 1918 |page=6 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166473604/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|President|1918}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 6, 1922 |title=Collecting of Garbage |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165116667/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Garbage Law|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 9, 1922 |title=Committee Report on Garbage Collection |page=6 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165116593/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Garbage Committee|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 12, 1924 |title=Delegates Chosen To State Conventions |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165368305/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|State Convention|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 10, 1920 |title=Delegation Heads |page=2 |work=Grand Isle Star |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/grand-isle-star/165069446/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Brothers|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 7, 1928 |title=Democratic Caucus A Harmonious Affair |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165464673/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|State Convention|1928}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 25, 1930 |title=Democrats Choose Park Pollard For Governor; J. Holmes Jackson Lieutenant Governor |page=3 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165688025/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Dem Nomination|1930}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 28, 1920 |title=Democratic Delegates |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165069101/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|State Convention|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 16, 1935 |title=Democrats Name Mayor J.E. Burke |page=11 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166227982/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|No Run|1935}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 5, 1925 |title=Democrats Name Jackson Again |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165461343/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Nomination|1925}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 5, 1936 |title=Democrats Name Their Delegates |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/31609960/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|State Convention|1936}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=August 18, 1928 |title=Democrats Take Preliminary Steps For Forming Al Smith Club |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165464769/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Vice Chair|1928}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 7, 1917 |title=Democrats Win The Election |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164866444/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1917}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 18, 1899 |title=Dental Meeting Closed |page=5 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164736806/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Dental Society|1899}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 4, 1925 |title=Dr. Clarence H. Beecher Mayor-Elect of Burlington |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/40154084/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1925}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=December 16, 1944 |title=Dr. J. Holmes Jackson, 73, Dies; Was Mayor of This City 12 Years |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164661004/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512200206/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31497845/argus_and_patriot/ |archive-date=May 12, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Obituary|1944}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 7, 1929 |title=Dr. Jackson Wins Nomination |page=1 |work=Barre Daily Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-barre-daily-times/165534143/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Dem Nomination|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 8, 1919 |title=Economy Necessary In Conduct of City Affairs This Year |page=6 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/40197386/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Board President|1919}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=September 10, 1928 |title=Elect Jackson Chairman of Al Smith Club |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165464837/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Chair|1928}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 7, 1923 |title=Elect Jackson Mayor of Burlington, Again |page=2 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/165299986/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1923}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=December 22, 1944 |title=F.C. Hinchey In New Post |page=7 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/164735552/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Hinchey|1944}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 5, 1930 |title=Finnegan And Heininger Win In Ward 4; Patrick In Ward 6 |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166475604/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1930}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=July 9, 1924 |title=George Stackpole |page=16 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165368701/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Stackpole|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=January 22, 1935 |title=G.O.P. Leaders Want Dr. Jackson |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166227930/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Run|1935}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=August 16, 1922 |title=H.A. Richardson At Death's Door In Auto Crash |page=1 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166397833/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Richardson Death|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 8, 1930 |title=H.C. Wheelock Again President of Board |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165686528/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Wheelock|1930}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 5, 1930 |title=Insurgents Take Burlington Votes |page=10 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/165685726/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Insurgent|1930}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 16, 1917 |title=J.H. Jackson Named |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164866167/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Nomination|1917}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 4, 1931 |title=J. Holmes Jackson Is Re-Elected Mayor of City Over James Burke |page=1 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166086554/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 3, 1921 |title=Jackson Again Elected Mayor |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/40057999/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204092700/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/40057999/burlington_daily_news/ |archive-date=December 4, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1921}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 7, 1917 |title=Jackson Beats Drew By Narrow Margin of 10 |page=1 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166472619/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1917}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 17, 1931 |title=Jackson Holds Full Approval Of Republicans |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166085903/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Rep Nomination|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 4, 1931 |title=Jackson Is Re-elected Mayor of Burlington |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166475885/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 6, 1929 |title=Jackson Overwhelms Burke In Mayoral Contest |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/40058203/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 2, 1929 |title=Jackson Promises No Increase In Taxes If Elected Mayor |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/40058231/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Achievements|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 18, 1933 |title=Jackson Says He Will Support Burke for Mayor |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31546550/jackson_says_he_will_support_burke_for/ |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516015941/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31546550/jackson_says_he_will_support_burke_for/ |archive-date=May 16, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|No Run|1933}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 16, 1929 |title=James E. Burke Holds Rally As An Independent |page=2 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165535526/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Independent|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 13, 1931 |title=James E. Burke Wins Mayoralty Nomination By A 19 Vote Margin |page=12 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166085579/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Dem Nomination|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=November 21, 1894 |title=John Holmes Jackson Trial |page=4 |work=The Vermont Watchman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-vermont-watchman/164736408/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Trial|1894}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=January 12, 1921 |title=Legislature Gets Down To Business; 20 Bills Appear |page=1 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165092832/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Chair|1921}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 21, 1929 |title=Little Opposition Indicates Discontinuance of Trolleys |page=3 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165541653/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Trolley|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 18, 1913 |title=Many Nominations Made |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164804326/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Nomination|1913}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 2, 1929 |title=Mayor Appoints Commissioners |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/31482250/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514021813/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31482250/the_burlington_free_press/ |archive-date=May 14, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Wife Appoint|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 9, 1925 |title=Mayor Jackson Declines Nomination |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165461283/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Declined|1925}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=July 3, 1924 |title=Mayor Jackson Gets One Vermont Vote |page=1 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165368943/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ballot 39|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 8, 1923 |title=Mayor Jackson Is Re-Elected |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166398057/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1923}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 5, 1919 |title=Mayor Jackson Re-Elected by 219 Majority |page=5 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/40057954/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204092052/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/40057954/burlington_daily_news/ |archive-date=December 4, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1919}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 6, 1929 |title=Mayor Jackson Questions Convention Bureau Claims |page=11 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165540232/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Doubt|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 5, 1921 |title=Mayor Jackson Urges Strict Supervision of Department Expenses |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166312321/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Board President|1921}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=May 21, 1924 |title=Mayor Jackson Wins Contest |page=5 |work=Brattleboro Reformer |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brattleboro-reformer/165368367/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|National Convention|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=November 17, 1932 |title=Mayor Sees No Improvement In Labor Situation |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166222339/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Charity|1932}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 7, 1931 |title=Mayor Wants Street Lighting Paid by City Light Dept. Earnings |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166474900/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|President|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 5, 1901 |title=Miss Caroline Smalley Married to Dr. J. Holmes Jackson |page=6 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164735828/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Marriage|1901}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 7, 1925 |title=Motorcycles For Police Department |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165462584/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Park|1925}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=October 5, 1916 |title=Mrs. Mary H. Parkyn Jackson |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164809097/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Mother Death|1916}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=December 4, 1906 |title=National Democratic Committeeman Bradley B. Smalley of Burlington Celebrates His 71st Birthday |page=7 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-johnsbury-republican/164785234/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Bradley Smalley|1906}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 4, 1922 |title=New City Government |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166313426/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Board President|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 8, 1929 |title=Packing |page=4 |work=St. Albans Messenger |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/st-albans-daily-messenger/165534389/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Pack|1929}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=September 14, 1931 |title=Patrick J. Cosgrove Appointed Chief of Police, Succeeding Late Patrick J. Russell |page=6 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166089103/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Cosgrove|1931}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=September 14, 1914 |title=Progressive Delegates |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164806451/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Progressive Delegates|1914}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 22, 1942 |title=Rationing Board Now Has Say On Typewriters |page=6 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/31610010/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516015255/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31610056/the_burlington_free_press/ |archive-date=May 16, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Typewriter|1942}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 20, 1923 |title=Republicans Endorse Jackson As Candidate For Mayorship |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165299465/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|No Opposition|1923}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 19, 1923 |title=Republicans Indorse Dr. Jackson for Mayor |page=2 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/165299730/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|First Time|1923}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=September 15, 1922 |title=Special Election |page=16 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166397936/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Special Election|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 18, 1936 |title=State Democrats Ready For Parley |page=7 |work=Rutland Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/rutland-daily-herald/164661607/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516021003/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31609960/the_burlington_free_press/ |archive-date=May 16, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Convention|1936}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 30, 1913 |title=The Rev. S.N. Jackson |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164805128/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Father Death|1913}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 3, 1920 |title=The Ward Tickets |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166293467/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|1920 Election|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 8, 1922 |title=The Voting By Wards |page=8 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166397857/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 7, 1928 |title=Thynne Beats Caise In Ward Three; K. of C. Tax Exemption Proposal Defeated |page=1 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166474490/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1928}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=January 12, 1942 |title=Tire Rationing Board Issues Four Permits; To Meet Twice a Week |page=12 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/31610056/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190516015255/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/31610056/the_burlington_free_press/ |archive-date=May 16, 2019 |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Tire|1942}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 17, 1933 |title=Up, Up, Up To More Than One Tenth Of Million |page=10 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166225871/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Charity Expense|1933}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 3, 1920 |title=Vermont Democrats Do Not Instruct |page=1 |work=Barre Daily Times |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-barre-daily-times/165069176/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|National Convention|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 22, 1922 |title=Vermont Democrats Select Candidates |page=7 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165117616/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Nomination|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 8, 1916 |title=Vote for Aldermen |page=5 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166471986/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1916}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=November 3, 1920 |title=Vote In Burlington |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/165071643/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Election|1920}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 2, 1932 |title=Voters Reject Zoning Article At City Polls |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166475982/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Ward Election|1932}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=June 24, 1936 |title=VT. Delegates Awaiting Call |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166269781/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Sick|1936}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=April 8, 1924 |title=Want Ban Placed On Imported Carnivals |page=9 |work=The Burlington Free Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/166398370/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|President|1924}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 3, 1921 |title=Ward Elections |page=3 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166312309/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|1921 Election|1921}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=March 5, 1919 |title=Ward Officers |page=5 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166290929/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|1919 Election|1919}}}}
  • {{Cite news |date=February 28, 1929 |title=Women Voters Hear Mayoral Candidates |page=2 |work=Burlington Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165535626/ |via=Newspapers.com |ref={{harvid|Debate|1929}}}}

=Websites=

  • {{Cite web |title=1922 Governor Democratic Primary |url=https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/elections/view/83701/ |work=Secretary of State of Vermont |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250210030309/https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/elections/view/83701/ |archive-date=February 10, 2025 |ref={{harvid|Primary|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite web |title=1922 Governor General Election |url=https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/data/serve_file_pages_for_item/82921/Election/ |work=Secretary of State of Vermont |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250210030554/https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/data/serve_file_pages_for_item/82921/Election/ |archive-date=February 10, 2025 |ref={{harvid|Election|1922}}}}
  • {{Cite web |title=1930 Lieutenant Governor Democratic Primary |url=https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/elections/view/83774/ |work=Secretary of State of Vermont |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250216025442/https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/elections/view/83774/ |archive-date=February 16, 2025 |ref={{harvid|Primary|1930}}}}
  • {{Cite web |title=1930 Lieutenant Governor General Election |url=https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/elections/view/83120/ |work=Secretary of State of Vermont |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250216025622/https://electionarchive.vermont.gov/elections/view/83120/ |archive-date=February 16, 2025 |ref={{harvid|Election|1930}}}}
  • {{Cite web |last=Bushnell |first=Mark |date=February 18, 2024 |title=Then Again: Vermont’s love affair with the trolley |work=VTDigger |url=https://vtdigger.org/2024/02/18/then-again-vermonts-love-affair-with-the-trolley/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215054331/https://vtdigger.org/2024/02/18/then-again-vermonts-love-affair-with-the-trolley/ |archive-date=February 15, 2025 |ref={{harvid|Trolley|2024}}}}
  • {{Cite web |last=Ostermeier |first=Eric |date=April 30, 2015 |title=Bernie Sanders Becomes 5th Presidential Candidate in Vermont History |url=http://editions.lib.umn.edu/smartpolitics/2015/04/30/bernie-sanders-becomes-5th-pre/ |work=Smart Politics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130135450/http://editions.lib.umn.edu/smartpolitics/2015/04/30/bernie-sanders-becomes-5th-pre/ |archive-date=January 30, 2019}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/164867064/ 1917 Oath of Office speech]
  • [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/40197386/ 1919 Oath of Office speech]
  • [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-burlington-free-press/31482245/ 1929 Oath of Office speech]
  • [https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165300446/ 1923 Annual Message]
  • [https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/165367655/ 1924 Annual Message]
  • [https://www.newspapers.com/article/burlington-daily-news/166196557/ 1932 Annual Message]

{{s-start}}

{{s-ppo}}

{{s-bef|before=Fred C. Martin}}

{{s-ttl|title=Democratic nominee for Governor of Vermont|years=1922}}

{{s-aft|after=Fred C. Martin}}

{{s-bef|before=John W. Sheehey}}

{{s-ttl|title=Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Vermont|years=1930}}

{{s-aft|after=Harry W. Witters}}

{{s-end}}

{{Mayor of Burlington, Vermont}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jackson, John Holmes}}

Category:1871 births

Category:1944 deaths

Category:20th-century mayors of places in Vermont

Category:Canadian emigrants to the United States

Category:American dentists

Category:Mayors of Burlington, Vermont

Category:Democratic Party members of the Vermont House of Representatives

Category:Politicians from Montreal

Category:20th-century members of the Vermont General Assembly

Category:Burials at Lakeview Cemetery (Burlington, Vermont)