John Scott Medal
{{Infobox award
| name = John Scott Award
| current_awards =
| image = JohnScottMedal.jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| caption =
| awarded_for =
| presenter = The Franklin Institute and the City Council of Philadelphia
| country = USA
| location =
| reward =
| year = 1816
| year2 =
| holder =
| website = https://thejohnscottaward.org/index.html
}}
John Scott Award, created in 1816 as the John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium, is presented to men and women whose inventions improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way.{{cite web |url=http://www.citytrusts.com/sundry.html |title=Sundry Trusts |publisher=Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia |access-date=March 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321153922/http://www.citytrusts.com/sundry.html |archive-date=March 21, 2012 }} "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...". Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia{{cite web|url=http://www.citytrusts.com/ |title=Board of Directors of City Trusts |access-date=March 27, 2011}} provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee.{{cite web|url=http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html |title=The John Scott Award |publisher=John Scott Award Advisory Committee |first=E. |last=Garfield |author-link=Eugene Garfield |access-date=March 21, 2011}} Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee.{{cite journal |date=March 31, 1922 |title=John Scott Medal Fund |journal=Science |volume=55 |issue=1422 |page=344 |publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science |doi=10.1126/science.55.1422.344-a |url=https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.55.1422.344.a |access-date=March 27, 2011 |url-access=subscription }}
In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture{{cite web|url=http://www.pspaonline.com/ |title=Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture |access-date=March 23, 2011}} entrusted by the "Corporation of the city of Philadelphia".{{cite journal |author=Benjamin Silliman |year=1830 |title=Miscellanies - Premiums for useful inventions |journal=American Journal of Science and Arts |volume=18 |issue=July |page=382 |publisher=Hezekiah Howe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_PQQAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA382 |access-date=March 23, 2011 |author-link=Benjamin Silliman }}
The druggist John Scott of Edinburgh organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the City Council of Philadelphia, which decides from the annual list of nominees made by the Franklin Institute.
Notable recipients
Most awards have been given for inventions in science and medicine. Notable
recipients include:
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
- Luis W. Alvarez
- Frederick G. Banting
- John Bardeen
- James Black
- William T. Bovie
- Ralph L. Brinster
- Marie Curie
- William Duane
- Thomas Edison
- Alexander Fleming
- Peter Koch
- Irving Langmuir
- Edwin Land
- Christian J. Lambertsen
- Luther D. Lovekin
- Benoît Mandelbrot
- Guglielmo Marconi
- Edgar Sharp McFadden{{Cite journal|url=https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/finding_aids-manuscript/75|title=E.S. (Edgar Sharp) McFadden Papers|date=Jan 1, 2019|journal=Manuscript Archive|accessdate=Jun 5, 2022}}
- Humberto Fernandez Moran
- Kary B. Mullis
- Jonas Salk
- Glenn Seaborg
- Richard E. Smalley
- Nikola Tesla
- Wright brothers
- Robert Burns Woodward
- David Gestetner{{div col end}}
Recent winners
class="wikitable"
! Year ! Winner ! Area of Innovation | |
rowspan="3" |2024
|R. Vijay Kumar |cooperative and multi-agent robotics | |
Takeo Kanade
|computer vision and robotics | |
Daniela Rus
|distributed, networked autonomous robotic systems | |
rowspan="2" |2023{{cite web |title=The John Scott Award |url=https://thejohnscottaward.github.io/jsc/recent.html |website=thejohnscottaward.github.io |publisher=The John Scott Award |access-date=11 April 2024}}
|scientific understanding of historic climate change | |
Robert H. Socolow
|pioneering new concepts and creating new fields in energy and the environment | |
rowspan="3" |2022 {{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
|translational research on taste, smell, and flavor | |
Nancy Bonini
|use of Drosophila to gain insight into degenerative diseases of the brain | |
Barry Arkles
|Silicon-based science for medical devices and polymeric materials | |
rowspan="2" |2021 {{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
|stable mRNA enabling gene-induced immune response | |
Drew Weissman
|mRNA approach to enable-induced response within the human body | |
rowspan="3" |2020 {{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}
|Gene therapies for curing retinal degeneration | |
William DeGrado
|development of antimicrobial peptides | |
Michael Klein
|algorithms for computational simulation of biological systems | |
rowspan=3| 2019 | reverse combustion |
Charles L. Kane | topological insulators |
Eugene Mele | topological insulators |
rowspan=2| 2018 | foil electret microphone |
Bjarne Stroustrup | c++ computer programming language |
rowspan=3| 2017 | robotics and engineering science |
Warren Ewens | population genetics research |
Masatoshi Nei | evolutionary theory |
rowspan=4| 2016 | rowspan=3| CRISPR-Cas genome editing |
Jennifer Doudna | |
Feng Zhang | |
Carl H. June | cancer immunology |
rowspan=2| 2015 | synthetic chemistry |
John P. Perdew | density functional theory |
rowspan=3| 2014 | cancer therapeutics |
Leonard Hayflick | rowspan=2| discovery of cellular senescence and innovations in microscopy |
Paul S. Moorhead | |
rowspan=3| 2013{{cite news|last=Vitez|first=Michael|title=3 Phila. medical men to be honored|newspaper=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=21 November 2013}} | redox reactions in biochemistry |
N. Scott Adzick | fetal surgery |
Robert L. Brent | environmental causes of birth defects |
rowspan=3| 2012 | quasicrystals |
John Q. Trojanowski | rowspan=2| neurodegenerative diseases |
Virginia Man-Yee Lee | |
rowspan=2| 2011 | PET scans |
Jenny Pickworth Glusker | crystallography |
rowspan=2| 2010 | underwater diving equipment |
William A. Eaton | protein aggregation and folding |
See also
- Carl Roman Abt, A past recipient (1889)
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html The award webpage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316180853/http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward.html |date=2020-03-16 }}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20111017220213/http://www.fi.edu/learn/case-files/sperry-2524/scott.html The Franklin Institute: The John Scott Legacy Medal]
- {{cite web |url=http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward/johnscottaward%28full%29.html |title=The John Scott Award Recipients |publisher=Eugene Garfield at University of Pennsylvania |access-date=28 September 2018 |archive-date=15 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615165455/https://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/johnscottaward/johnscottaward%28full%29.html |url-status=dead }} Medals awarded by The Franklin Institute between 1822 and 2017.
Category:Awards established in 1816
Category:History of Philadelphia