Jonagold

{{Short description|Apple cultivar}}

{{Infobox cultivar

| name = Malus 'Jonagold'

| image = Malus-Jonagold.jpg

| hybrid = 'Golden Delicious' × 'Jonathan'

| cultivar = 'Jonagold'

| origin = Geneva, New York, USA, 1943

}}

File:Jonagold aufgeschnitten.jpg

File:Jabuka jonagold - odozdola.jpg

Jonagold {{IPAc-en|ˈ|dʒ|ɒ|n|ə|ˌ|ɡ|oʊ|l|d}} is a cultivar of apple that is a cross between the crisp Golden Delicious and the blush-crimson Jonathan; the name Jonagold is a portmanteau of these two variety names. It was developed in 1943 in New York State Agricultural Experiment Station of Cornell University's College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, selected as N.Y. 43013-1 in 1953, officially released in 1968 by Roger Way.{{cite journal |last1=Way |first1=R.D. |last2=Brown |first2=S.K. |title='Jonagold' apple |journal=Fruit Varieties Journal |date=1991 |volume=45 |page=62 |publisher=American Pomological Society}}

They form a large sweet fruit with a thin skin that is green-yellow with streaks of crimson. The flesh is creamy yellow with a breaking texture and outstanding flavor. Because of their large size they are now favored by commercial growers in many parts of the world, and the apples can last two month in refrigerated storage and ten months in controlled atmosphere storage.

Jonagold is triploid, with sterile pollen, and as such, requires a second type of apple for pollen and is incapable of pollenizing other cultivars.{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Susan K. |title=Varieties of Commercial Interest: 'JONAGOLD' |journal=New York's Food and Life Sciences Bulletin |date=1997 |publisher=Cornell University |location=Geneva, New York |issn=0362-0069}} It is susceptible to the diseases apple scab, powdery mildew, and fire blight, as well as the physiological disorders bitter pit and sunburn.{{cite web |url=http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/pests-diseases-and-weeds/plant-diseases/fruit-and-nuts/pome-fruit-diseases/powdery-mildew-of-apples |title=Powdery mildew of apples |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703234952/http://agriculture.vic.gov.au:80/agriculture/pests-diseases-and-weeds/plant-diseases/fruit-and-nuts/pome-fruit-diseases/powdery-mildew-of-apples |archive-date=2020-07-03}}

In 1988, the cultivar was awarded the American Society for Horticultural Science Outstanding Fruit Cultivar Award.{{cite journal |last1=Volk |first1=Gayle M. |last2=Olmstead |first2=James W. |last3=Finn |first3=Chad E. |last4=Janick |first4=Jules |title=The ASHS Outstanding Fruit Cultivar Award: A 25-year Retrospective |journal=HortScience |date=1 January 2013 |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=4–12 |doi=10.21273/HORTSCI.48.1.4 |url=https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/view/journals/hortsci/48/1/article-p4.xml |issn=0018-5345|doi-access=free }} {{As of|2020}}, it was the most widely produced apple in Belgium,"The largest Belgian apple variety in terms of quantity is Jonagold, followed by amongst others Jonagored, Boskoop and Golden Delicious, Kanzi, Joly Red, Greenstar, etc." - retrieved October 2021 https://www.belgianfruitsandvegetables.com/en/product/fruit where it is used in Stella Cidre, and is credited with saving the European fruit industry. {{As of|2008}}, it was one of the fifteen most popular apple cultivars in the United States according to the US Apple Association.{{cite web |title=Varieties |url=http://usapple.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21&Itemid=21 |website=US Apple Association |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140918025311/http://www.usapple.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21&Itemid=21 |archive-date=18 September 2014 |url-status=dead}}

class="wikitable" |+ Typical size distribution{{cite book|title=Obstsorten – Atlas|last1=Silbereisen|first1=Robert|last2=Götz|first2=Gerhard|last3=Hartmann|first3=Walter|last4=Tambour|first4=Gisela|last5=Eberle|first5=Christl|publisher=Ulmer (Eugen)|date=1996|isbn=9783800155378}}
60-65 mm	65-70 mm	70-75 mm	75-80 mm	80-85 mm	85-90 mm	90-95 mm
5 %	10 %	20 %	34 %	25 %	5 %	1 %

The Jonagored Apple, a sport mutation of Jonagold discovered in Belgium in 1985, was once covered under United States Patent PP05937,{{Cite web |url=http://www.patentgenius.com/patent/PP5937.html |title=Apple tree--Jonagored - Patent # PP5937 - PatentGenius |access-date=2006-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024043155/http://www.patentgenius.com/patent/PP5937.html |archive-date=2017-10-24 |url-status=dead }} now expired.