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Jonathan (apple)

{{Short description|Apple cultivar}}

{{Infobox cultivar

| name = Malus domestica Jonathan

| image = Malus-Jonathan.jpg

| species = Malus domestica

| cultivar = Jonathan

| origin = Woodstock, New York, before 1826 {{citation |chapter-url=http://www.nationalfruitcollection.org.uk/full2.php?id=3077&&fruit=apple |title=National Fruit Collection UK |chapter=Jonathan |url-status=live |access-date=7 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120130728/http://www.nationalfruitcollection.org.uk/full2.php?id=3077&&fruit=apple |archive-date=20 November 2015 }}

}}

File:Pomological Watercolor POM00000538.jpg

File:Pomological Watercolor POM00002581.jpg

Jonathan is a medium-sized sweet apple, with a touch of acid and a tough but smooth skin, good for eating fresh and for cooking. Parentage = Esopus Spitzenburg x ?Luby, Howard, Tillman, Bedford. HortScience 57(3):472-477. 2022{{cite book |last1=Beach|first1=S.A. |last2=Booth|first2=N.O. |last3=Taylor|first3=O.M. |year=1905 |title=The apples of New York |publisher=J. B. Lyon |location=Albany |chapter-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/56420#page/296/mode/1up |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library|chapter=Jonathan |volume=1 |pages=172–174}}

  • Sugar 12.5%
  • Acid 7.7 g/litre{{cite book|last1=Silbereisen|first1=Robert|last2=Götz|first2=Gerhard |last3=Hartmann|first3=Walter|title=Obstsorten Atlas|date=2014 |publisher=Nikol |lang=de|trans-title=Fruit Varieties Atlas|isbn=978-3-86-820219-9}}
  • Vitamin C 5mg/100g.{{citation|title=Obst und Garten 10/2000|lang=de|trans-title=Fruit and Garden}}

class="wikitable"

|+ Typical size distribution

<55 mm55-60 mm60-65 mm65-70 mm70-75 mm
9 %17 %38 %31 %5 %

History

There are two alternative theories about the origin of the Jonathan apple.

The first theory; it was grown by Rachel Negus Higley, who gathered seeds from the local cider mill in Connecticut. This was before the family made their journey to the wilds of Ohio in 1796, where she planted them.{{cite book |last=Johnson|first=Mary Coffin|author-link=Mary Coffin Johnson|title=The Higleys and their ancestry|publisher=D. Appleton and Company|location=New York| year=1896 |url=https://archive.org/details/higleystheirance00johniala |via=Archive.org}} She continued to carefully cultivate her orchard to maturity and named the resulting variety after a young local boy, Jonathan Lash, who frequented her orchard.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}}

The other, more accepted, theory is that it originated from an Esopus Spitzenburg seedling in 1826, on the farm of Philip Rick(s) in Woodstock, Ulster County, New York. A DNA profiling study supports this descent.DOI 10.1186/s12870-019-2171-6 Although it may have originally been called the "Ricks" apple, it was soon renamed by Judge Jesse Buel, President of Albany Horticultural Society, after Jonathan Zander, who discovered the apple and brought it to Buel's attention.{{cite web |last1=Routson |first1=Kanin |last2=Nabhan |first2=Gary Paul |website=Northern Arizona University |url-status=dead |url=http://www.environment.nau.edu/food/Regis-Tree/Regis-Tree_Fruit_and_Nut_descriptions.pdf |title=Southwest Regis-Tree of Heirloom Perennial Species and Varieties-Fruit and Nut descriptions |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222035045/http://www.environment.nau.edu/food/Regis-Tree/Regis-Tree_Fruit_and_Nut_descriptions.pdf |archive-date=2006-12-22}}

File:Pomological Watercolor POM00002151.jpg

Descendants

Disease susceptibility

  • Scab: highDr. Stephen Miller of the USDA Fruit Research Lab in Kearneysville, West Virginia.{{full citation needed|reason=personal communication is not an acceptable source in wikipedia|date=September 2018}}
  • Powdery mildew: high
  • Cedar apple rust: high
  • Fire blight: high
  • Apple canker (Neonectrica ditissima): medium

{{commons category}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Apples|state=collapsed}}

Category:Cooking apples

Category:American apples

{{apple-fruit-stub}}