Jordan–Turkey relations
{{Infobox bilateral relations|Jordanian-Turkish|Jordan|Turkey}}
Jordan–Turkey relations are the bilateral relations between Jordan and Turkey. Both nations share a relatively close relationship due to long historical commons, as both are majority two Sunni Muslim nations and sharing strong historic ties. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.
Historical relations
=Ottoman Empire=
Following Ottoman conquest, the Hashemite rulers of the Hejaz pledged allegiance to the Ottoman Sultan in 1517 following the Ottoman conquest of Egypt, placing the holy cities of Mecca and Medina under Ottoman Protection until the Arab revolt in 1916 when Sharif Hussayn of Mecca expelled them with the aid of Britain.{{cite news|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3505427,00.html|title=The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan|date=19 February 2008|newspaper=Ynetnews|access-date=19 March 2019}} This had led to scrutiny and hostilities from the Turks towards the Hashemites due to the Hashemites' attempt to create a post-Ottoman state, which ended up in failure.{{cite journal|title=Sharif Husayn ibn Ali and the Hashemite vision of the post-Ottoman order: from chieftaincy to suzerainty|first=Joshua|last=Teitelbaum|date=1 January 1998|journal=Middle Eastern Studies|volume=34|issue=1|pages=103–122|doi=10.1080/00263209808701212}}
=Modern relations=
Following the Turkish War of Independence, Sharif Abdullah and founder of Turkish Republic, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk had a close personal relationship, even met each other in Istanbul at 1937.{{cite web|url=https://isteataturk.com/g/icerik/-Mustafa-Kemal-Ataturk-Urdun-Krali-Abdullah-la-Istanbul-da--6-7061937/1167|title=Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Ürdün Kralı Abdullah'la İstanbul'da. (6-7.06.1937) - İşte Atatürk - Atatürk Hakkında Bilmek İstediğiniz Herşey|website=Isteataturk.com|access-date=19 March 2019}} In years next, with the complete independence of Jordan from British affairs at 1956, two countries established full relations. Entire of the Cold War, Jordan and Turkey both shared pro-Western view, strongly anti-communist and very critical of the new Islamic regime in Iran to a point they even supported Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War.{{cite web|url=https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_world-regional-geography-people-places-and-globalization/s11-06-iraq-turkey-and-iran.html|title=Iraq, Turkey, and Iran|website=Saylordotorg.github.io|access-date=19 March 2019}} Toward the end of the Cold War, both nations adopted to a new, more polar world.
Political relations
In 2014, the Jordanian intelligence said that they arrested ISIS members who tried to enter Jordan from Syria in order to carry attacks against the country and the militants admitted upon interrogation that they have trained in Turkey.{{cite web |author=David L. Phillips |date=11 September 2014 |title=Research Paper: ISIS-Turkey Links |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-l-phillips/research-paper-isis-turke_b_6128950.html |publisher=Huffington Post}}
In early 2016, the King of Jordan, Abdullah II of Jordan, said that the Turkish president "believes in a radical Islamic solution to the problems in the region" and the "fact that terrorists are going to Europe is part of Turkish policy, and Turkey keeps getting a slap on the hand, but they get off the hook".{{cite web |date=25 March 2016 |title=SAS deployed in Libya since the start of the year, says leaked memo |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/25/sas-deployed-libya-start-year-leaked-memo-king-abdullah |work=The Guardian}}
In February 2023, after the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake, Jordan provided urgent medical assistance to Turkey.{{Cite web |title=Jordan sends relief plane to Turkey |url=https://en.royanews.tv/news/40057/2023-02-20 |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=en.royanews.tv |language=en}} The Jordanian government sent a medical hospital, a rescue team and medical aid to Turkey.{{Cite web |title=Jordan sends rescue teams, aid to Syria, Turkey |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/153362 |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=New Vision |language=en}}{{Cite news |last= |date=2023-02-15 |title=Jordan's foreign minister visits Syria in first trip since war |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/jordans-foreign-minister-visit-syria-turkey-show-solidarity-after-quake-2023-02-15/ |access-date=2023-03-13 |work=Reuters |language=en}}{{Cite web |date=2023-02-11 |title=Royal directives: Army dispatches integrated field hospital to Turkey |url=https://jordantimes.com/news/local/royal-directives-army-dispatches-integrated-field-hospital-turkey |access-date=2023-03-13 |website=Jordan Times |language=en}}
On 8 March 2025, high-level delegations from Turkey, Jordan, Syria, and Iraq met in Amman to discuss security cooperation. Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan emphasized the importance of joint efforts to combat the Islamic State in the region, marking the first such meeting. The foreign ministers, defense ministers, and intelligence heads of the four nations attended to discuss counterterrorism, organized crime, and regional developments, especially in Syria following the ousting of President Bashar al-Assad in December 2024.{{Cite web |title=Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Iraq to discuss security cooperation in Amman, Turkish source says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/turkey-jordan-syria-iraq-discuss-security-cooperation-amman-turkish-source-says-2025-03-08/}}
Cultural relations
As Jordan and Turkey are considered to be liberal in a turbulent region like MENA, Jordan and Turkey share a close tie based on common mutual gestures, although sometimes strained due to conflict with Jordanian interests.{{cite web|url=https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/24373/fearing-isolation-in-a-turbulent-region-jordan-and-turkey-inch-closer-together|title=Fearing Isolation in a Turbulent Region, Jordan and Turkey Inch Closer Together|website=Worldpoliticsreview.com|date=16 March 2018 |access-date=19 March 2019}} Two countries also vowed to strengthen their bilateral tie.{{cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/todays-headlines/turkey-jordan-vow-to-boost-economic-ties/1258295|title=Turkey, Jordan vow to boost economic ties|website=Aa.com.tr|access-date=19 March 2019}}
Both Jordan and Turkey share common concerns over the status of Jerusalem and criticized Israel's overact in the city.{{Cite web |url=https://www.albawaba.com/news/original-is-erdogan-now-jordan%27s-new-best-friend%3F-1091116 |title=How the Jerusalem Decision is Pushing Jordan Towards Erdogan | al Bawaba |access-date=2019-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118141103/https://www.albawaba.com/news/original-is-erdogan-now-jordan%27s-new-best-friend%3F-1091116 |archive-date=2019-01-18 |url-status=dead }}
Nonetheless, differences between Jordan and Turkey still prevail over trade disputes and the growing role of Turkey in the Middle East. Jordan, a country highly dependent on aid, has attempted to secure a neutral position on its relations with neighbors and hegemons, including Turkey.{{cite web|url=https://www.middleeastobserver.org/2019/02/06/the-ups-and-downs-of-turkey-jordan-relations/|title=The ups and downs of Turkey - Jordan relations|date=6 February 2019|access-date=19 March 2019}}
Military relations
Turkey and Jordan have coordinated on military matters, particularly concerning the fight against ISIS, with Turkey prioritizing the disarming of the Syrian Democratic Forces and their affiliated YPG militia, which it considers a terrorist group.
Diplomatic missions
The Jordan embassy is located in Ankara.{{cite web |title=EMBASSY OF THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN TO THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY |url=http://www.jordanembassyankara.gov.jo/ |access-date=19 March 2019 |website=Jordanembassyankara.gov.jo}}
The Turkish embassy is located in Amman.{{cite web |title=T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı Turkish Embassy In Amman |url=http://amman.emb.mfa.gov.tr/Mission |access-date=19 March 2019 |website=Amman.emb.mfa.gov.tr}}
==See also==
{{Portal|Jordan|Turkey|Politics}}