Joseph Mascolo

{{Short description|American musician and actor (1929–2016)}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2014}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Joseph Mascolo

| image = Joseph Mascolo.JPG

| image_upright =

| caption = Mascolo, on the red carpet at the 62nd Annual Mother Goose Parade in San Diego County, 2008

| birth_name = Joseph Peter Mascolo

| birth_date = {{birth date|1929|3|13}}

| birth_place = West Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.

| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|12|8|1929|3|13}}

| death_place = Santa Clarita, California, U.S.

| resting_place = Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills

| occupation = Actor

| alma_mater = {{hlist|University of Miami|United States Military Academy}}

| years_active = 1957–2016

| spouse = {{Plain list |

  • {{marriage|Rose Maimone|1953|1986|reason=d}}
  • {{marriage|Patricia Schultz|2005}}

}}

| children = 1

}}

Joseph Peter Mascolo (March 13, 1929 – December 8, 2016) was an American musician and dramatic actor. During his long career, he acted in numerous motion pictures and television series. He played villain Stefano DiMera on NBC's soap opera Days of Our Lives from 1982 to 2016.{{cite web|last=Lynne|first=Amanda|url=http://www.inquisitr.com/2699157/days-of-our-lives-spoilers-stefano-dead-for-good-shocking-death-details/ |title='Days Of Our Lives' Spoilers: Stefano Dead For Good, Shocking Death Details|work=Inquisitr|location=Beit Shemesh|publisher=Daniel Treisman Properties|date=January 11, 2016|access-date=December 9, 2016}} He also starred as Massimo Marone on the CBS' soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful from 2001 to 2006.

Early life

Mascolo was born on March 13, 1929,{{cite web|url=http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?(db=1930usfedcen&gss=sfs28_ms_db&new=1&rank=1&msT=1&gsfn=Joseph&gsfn_x=0&gsln=Mascolo&gsln_x=0&msbdy=1929&msbpn__ftp=West%20Hartford%2C%20Connecticut&MSAV=1&uidh=000Ancestry.com|title=Joseph Mascolo 1930 census|work=Ancestry.com|location=Lehi, Utah|publisher=Permira|access-date=December 10, 2016}} and raised in West Hartford, Connecticut. His parents, Anna Mascolo (née DeTuccio; 1910–2010) and Peter Mascolo (1901–2008), were immigrants from Naples, Italy, and had their 80th wedding anniversary shortly before his father died.{{cite web|url=http://soaps.sheknows.com/days-of-our-lives/news/1802/joseph-mascolos-parents-celebrate-80-years|title=Joseph Mascolo's Parents Celebrate 80 years!|website=Soaps.com|publisher=SheKnows Media|location=United States|date=April 28, 2008|access-date=December 15, 2016}} Mascolo had one sister, Marie LaVoie.{{cite web|url=http://soaps.sheknows.com/days-of-our-lives/news/1830/joseph-mascolos-father-peter-mascolo-passes-away|title=Joseph Mascolo's Father, Peter Mascolo, Passes Away|website=Soaps.com|publisher=SheKnows Media|location=United States|date=May 5, 2008|access-date=December 9, 2016}} He attended the United States Military Academy after graduating high school.{{cite web|url=https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&mtch=1&cat=all&tf=F&q=Joseph+Mascolo&bc=&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=2555135|title=Joseph Mascolo|work=National Archives and Records Administration|publisher=U.S. Government|location=Washington, D.C.|access-date=December 13, 2016}} Mascolo attended the University of Miami.{{cite news|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/obituaries/20161211_Joseph_Mascolo___Actor_and_musician__87.html|title=Joseph Mascolo: Actor and musician, 87|author=Philadelphia Daily New Staff|work=Philadelphia Daily News|publisher=Interstate General Media|location=Philadelphia|date=December 11, 2016|access-date=December 31, 2016}} To support himself financially, he studied acting under famed acting coach Stella Adler in New York City.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/12/arts/television/joseph-mascolo-days-of-our-lives-villain-dies-at-87.html|title=Joseph Mascolo, 'Days of Our Lives' Villain, Dies at 87|agency=Associated Press|work=The New York Times|location=New York City|date=December 12, 2016|access-date=December 31, 2016}} He originally was trained in classical music and opera.{{cite web|url=http://www.josephmascolo.com/career.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904234140/http://www.josephmascolo.com/career.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 4, 2012|title=Career|access-date=August 12, 2008|work=JosephMascolo.com|location=United States}}

Career

= Theatre =

Mascolo was in the 1962 production of Night Life as Kazar and the understudy of Neville Brand. He was in the 1966 production of Dinner at Eight as Ricci. Mascolo was in the 1969 production of The Time of Your Life as Blick. His final theatrical appearance was in 1972's That Championship Season as Phil Romano.

= Film =

Mascolo's first film appearance was in 1968's Hot Spur as Carlo. He was in 1972's neo-noir action crimedrama film Shaft's Big Score! as Gus Mascola. Mascolo was in 1973's The Spook Who Sat by the Door and 1978's Jaws 2 as Len Peterson. He was in 1981's Sharky's Machine as JoJo Tipps and 1982's Yes, Giorgio Mascolo's last film appearance was in 1986's Heat as Baby.

= Television =

Mascolo was best known in the recurring role of Stefano DiMera on Days of Our Lives from 1982 to 1985, returning briefly in 1988, again from 1993 to 2001, and making appearances again since 2007 until Stefano's death in 2016, making his final appearance on February 9, 2017, airing 2 months after his death,{{cite news|url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/days-lives-star-joseph-mascolo-204736474.html|title='Days of Our Lives' Star Joseph Mascolo, Who Played Stefano, Dead at 87|first=Dace|last=Nemetz|work=Yahoo! TV|publisher=Yahoo!|location=Sunnyvale, California|date=December 9, 2016|access-date=December 9, 2016}} and won three Soap Opera Digest Awards.{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/12/10/entertainment/obit-joseph-mascolo-stefano-dimera-days-of-our-lives-trnd-irpt/|title='Days of Our Lives' star Joseph Mascolo dies at 87|first=Amanda|last=Jackson|work=CNN|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|date=December 11, 2016|access-date=December 12, 2016}} He has also played a wide range of roles on many different series including (but not limited to) a Stefano-like villain named Nicholas Van Buren on General Hospital, and Carlos Alvarez on Santa Barbara. Before achieving his fame, he was seen in the earlier soap operas Where the Heart Is and From These Roots. He also made primetime television appearances on All in the Family, The Eddie Capra Mysteries, Lou Grant and The Rockford Files.{{cite news|url=http://tvline.com/2016/12/09/joseph-mascolo-dead-died-days-of-our-lives-stefano-dimera/|title=Days of Our Lives Star Joseph Mascolo, Who Played Stefano, Dead at 87|work=TVLine|publisher=Penske Media Corporation|location=United States|first=Dave|last=Nemetz|date=December 9, 2016|access-date=December 9, 2016}}

Mascolo portrayed Massimo Marone on CBS's The Bold and the Beautiful beginning August 2001.{{cite news|url=http://www.click2houston.com/entertainment/joseph-mascolo-days-of-our-lives-villain-stefano-dies-at-87|title=Joseph Mascolo, 'Days of our Lives' villain Stefano, dies at 87|work=KPRC-TV|publisher=Graham Media Group|location=Houston|date=December 9, 2016|access-date=December 9, 2016}} He decided not to renew his contract with the show in July 2006, due to a lack of storyline and decided to return to Days of Our Lives, where his character Stefano DiMera was resurrected after six years.{{cite news|url=http://www.soapoperadigest.com/news/breaking/ |title=Breaking News – Soap Opera News – Soap News – Soap Updates – Spoilers – Scoops |work=Soap Opera Digest |agency=American Media, Inc. |access-date=December 9, 2016 |location=United States |date=December 9, 2016 |author=SOD |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070918154726/http://www.soapoperadigest.com/news/breaking/ |archive-date=September 18, 2007 }}

Mascolo also appeared in The Incredible Hulk in October 1979, as Mr. Arnold in the episode "Brain Child". 10 years later, he would appear again in NBC's The Trial of the Incredible Hulk, as Albert G. Tendelli, a police confidant of Daredevil.

He also appeared in an episode of Hart to Hart on 1/3/84 as villain Mr. Rhodes.

Personal life and death

Mascolo married Rose Maimone in 1953. They had a son named Peter. Maimone died in 1986. In 2005, Mascolo married his second wife, Patricia Schultz.{{cite news|author=SOD|url=http://www.soapoperadigest.com/actors/joseph-mascolo|title=JOSEPH MASCOLO|work=Soap Opera Digest|agency=American Media, Inc.|location=United States|access-date=December 8, 2016}} In January 2016, he told Soap Opera Digest that he had suffered a stroke in the spring of 2015. "During my rehab, I thought this would be a good time for Stefano to leave."

Mascolo died on December 8, 2016, in Santa Clarita, California at 87 after years of battling Alzheimer's disease. He was interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills).

Theatre

class="wikitable sortable"
scope="col" style="width:1%;" | Year

!scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Title

!scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Venue

!scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Role

!scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Dates

! class="unsortable" | Notes

!scope="col" style="width:1%;" class="unsortable"|{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}

1962

| Night Life

| Brooks Atkinson Theatre

| Kazar

| October 23, 1962 – December 15, 1962

| {{Plain list |

}}

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/night-life-2923|title=Night Life|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

1966

| Dinner at Eight

| Alvin Theatre

| Ricci

| September 27, 1966 – January 14, 1967

| Directed by Tyrone Guthrie, written by George S. Kaufman & Edna Ferber, and produced by Elliot Martin, Lester Osterman, Jr., Alan King & Walter A. Hyman, Ltd.

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/dinner-at-eight-3287|title=Dinner at Eight|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/television/article/Days-of-Our-Lives-bad-guy-Joseph-Mascolo-dies-10786985.php|title='Days of Our Lives' bad guy Joseph Mascolo dies at 87|author=Los Angeles|author-link=Los Angeles|work=San Francisco Chronicle|publisher=Hearst Corporation|location=San Francisco|date=December 11, 2016|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

1968

| West Side Story

| Lincoln Center

| Schrank

| June 24, 1968 – September 7, 1968

| Directed and choreography by Lee Theodore and produced by The Musical Theater of Lincoln Center & Richard Rodgers.

|{{cite web|url=http://www.sondheimguide.com/wss.html#1968BR|title=West Side Story|work=The Stephen Sondheim Reference Guide|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

1969

| The Time of Your Life

| rowspan="4" | Vivian Beaumont Theatre

| Blick

| November 6, 1969 – December 20, 1969

| Directed by John Hirsch, written by William Saroyan, and produced by Jules Irving.

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/the-time-of-your-life-3302|title=The Time of Your Life|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

rowspan="3" | 1970

| Camino Real

| Officer

| January 8, 1970 – February 21, 1970

| Directed by Milton Katselas, written by Tennessee Williams, and produced by Jules Irving.

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/camino-real-3313|title=Camino Real|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

Operation Sidewinder

| Colonel Warner

| March 12, 1970 – April 25, 1970

| Directed by Michael Schultz, written by Sam Shepard, music composed and performed by The Holy Modal Rounders, and produced by Jules Irving.

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/operation-sidewinder-3513|title=Operation Sidewinder|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

The Good Woman of Setzuan

| Policeman

| November 5, 1970 – December 13, 1970

| Directed by Robert Symonds, written by Bertolt Brecht, translated by Ralph Manheim, featuring songs by John Lewin & Herbert Pilhofer, and produced by Jules Irving.

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/the-good-woman-of-setzuan-3095|title=The Good Woman of Setzuan|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

1971

| Murderous Angels

| Playhouse Theatre

| Col. Alcibiade Zbyre

| December 20, 1971 – January 9, 1972

| {{Plain list |

}}

|{{cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/Murderous-Angels-Conor-Cruise-OBrien/dp/B001IOL880|title=Murderous Angels|first=Conor Cruise|last=O'Brien|author-link=Conor Cruise O'Brien|publisher=Little, Brown and Company|location=New York City|year=1968|asin=B001IOL880}}{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/murderous-angels-3630|title=Murderous Angels|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}{{sfn|New York Magazine Staff|1972|page=50}}

1972

| That Championship Season

| Booth Theatre

| Phil Romano

| September 14, 1972 – April 21, 1974

| {{Plain list |

}}

|{{cite web|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/that-championship-season-3549|title=That Championship Season|work=Internet Broadway Database|publisher=The Broadway League|location=New York City|access-date=December 15, 2016}}

Filmography

= Film =

class="wikitable sortable"
Year

! Title

! Role

! class="unsortable" | Notes

1968

| Hot Spur

| Jason O'Hara

| Western film written and directed by R.L. Frost.{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/559433/hot-spur#credits|title=Hot Spur|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 10, 2016}}

1972

| Shaft's Big Score!

| Gus Mascola

| Neo-noir action crimedrama film directed by Gordon Parks.{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/1496/shafts-big-score#credits|title=Shaft's Big Score!|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 10, 2016}}

rowspan="2" | 1973

| Happy Mother's Day, Love George

| Piccolo

| {{Plain list |

}}

The Spook Who Sat by the Door

| Senator Hennington

| {{Plain list |

}}

1978

| Jaws 2

| Len Peterson

| Horror thriller film directed by Jeannot Szwarc.{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/22497/jaws-2#credits|title=Jaws 2|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 11, 2016}}

rowspan="2" | 1981

| Gangster Wars

| Salvatore Maranzano

| {{Plain list |

}}

Sharky's Machine

| Detective Joe "Joe-Joe" Tipps

| {{Plain list |

}}

1982

| Yes, Giorgio

| Dominic Giordano

| {{Plain list |

}}

1986

| Heat

| "Baby"

| {{Plain list |

}}

= Television =

class="wikitable sortable"
YearTitleRoleclass="unsortable" | Notes
1957

| True Story

| Tony Brenner

| Episode: "The Accident" {{small|(S1.E3)}}

rowspan="2" | 1961

| From These Roots

| Jack Lander

| American soap opera

True Story

| Tony Brenner

| Episode: "6 May 1961" {{small|(S5.E11)}}

1967

| Coronet Blue

| Bodyguard

| Episode: "A Dozen Demons" {{small|(SS1.E3)}}

rowspan="3" | 1969

| The Good Guys

| Chauffeur

| Episode: "The World's Second Greatest Lover" {{small|(S1.E18)}}

rowspan="2" | The Doctors

| rowspan="2" | Policeman

| Episode: "#1.1668" {{small|(S6.E96, 30 Apr 1969)}}

Episode: "#1.1669" {{small|(S6.E97, 1 May 1969)}}
rowspan="3" | 1973

| The Resolution of Mossie Wax

| {{cGuest}}

| TV movie. Drama film directed by Bob Walsh.

rowspan="2" | Where the Heart Is

| rowspan="2" | Ed Lucas

| Episode: "#1.868"

Episode: "#1.873"
rowspan="2" | 1974

| All in the Family

| Pat Bushmill

| Episode: "Gloria's Boyfriend" {{small|(S4.E19)}}

Dominic's Dream

| Dominic Bente

| Pilot sitcom written and directed by Garry Marshall.{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/461332/dominics-dream#credits|title=Dominic's Dream|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 10, 2016}}

1975

| Baretta

| Frank Cassell

| Episode: "He'll Never See Daylight" {{small|(S1.E1, Pilot)}}

1975–1976

| Bronk

| Mayor Pete Santori

| Contract role

rowspan="4" | 1976

| NBC Special Treat

| Papa

| Episode: "Papa and Me" {{small|(S1.E5)}}

Kojak

| Detective Jeff Braddock

| Episode: "A Summer Madness" {{small|(S4.E2)}}

Monster Squad

| Lawrence of Moravia

| Episode: "Lawrence of Moravia" {{small|(S1.E12)}}

ABC Afterschool Special

| Mr. Singleton

| Episode: "Mighty Moose and the Quarterback Kid" {{small|(S5.E3)}}

rowspan="3" | 1977

| Switch

| Phillip Aspen / Martin Lorrimer

| Episode: "Portraits of Death" {{small|(S2.E13)}}

Stonestreet: Who Killed the Centerfold Model?

| Max Pierce

| TV movie. Mystery film directed by Russ Mayberry.{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/479187/stonestreet-who-killed-the-centerfold-model#credits|title=Stonestreet: Who Killed the Centerfold Model?|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 10, 2016}}

The Rockford Files

| Gibby

| Episode: "Crack Back" {{small|(S3.E21)}}

rowspan="2" | 1978

| The Eddie Capra Mysteries

| Joe Callen/Dr. David Weller

| Episode: "Dirge for a Dead Dachshund" {{small|(S1.E6)}}

Lou Grant

| McIntyre

| Episode: "Babies" {{small|(S2.E10)}}

1979

| The Incredible Hulk

| Mr. Arnold

| Episode: "Brain Child" {{small|(S3.E3)}}

1981

| The Gangster Chronicles

| Salvatore Maranzano

| Miniseries directed by Richard C. Sarafian.{{Cite journal|url=http://people.com/tv/joseph-mascolo-days-of-our-lives-actor-dies-at-87-obituary/|title=Joseph Mascolo, Days of Our LivesActor, Dies at 87|journal=People|publisher=Time Inc.|first=Natalie|last=Stone|location=United States|date=December 9, 2016|access-date=December 11, 2016}}{{sfn|Brooks|Marsh|2007|page=517}}

1982–2017

| Days of Our Lives

| Stefano DiMera

| {{Plain list |

  • Contract role {{small|(1982–85; 1993–2001; 2007–16)}}
  • Recurring {{small|(1988; 2016–17)}}

}}

rowspan="2" | 1984

| Hart to Hart

| Nick Rhodes

| Episode: "Harts on the Run" {{small|(S5.E12)}}

Ernie Kovacs: Between the Laughter

| Richards

| TV movie. Biographical film directed by Lamont Johnson{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/464284/ernie-kovacs-between-the-laughter#credits|title=Ernie Kovacs: Between the Laughter|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 12, 2016}} and written by April Smith.{{Cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AVAtAAAAIBAJ&pg=1093,2022267&dq=ernie+kovacs&hl=en|title=When the Laughter Stopped|last=Hastings|first=Julianne|date=May 14, 1984|work=The Modesto Bee|publisher=McClatchy Company|location=Modesto, California|access-date=December 12, 2016}}{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

rowspan="4" | 1985

| Comedy Factory

| Peter Wagner

| Episode: "Side by Side" {{small|(S1.E1, Pilot)}}

Brothers

| Howard Dovall

| Episode: "A House Divided" {{small|(S2.E10)}}

Crazy Like a Fox

| {{cGuest}}

| Episode: "Fox in 3/4 Time" {{small|(S2.E5)}}

Santa Barbara

| Carlo Alvarez

| {{cRecurring}}

rowspan="3" | 1986

| CBS Schoolbreak Special

| Ed Martinson

| Episode: "Have You Tried Talking to Patty?" {{small|(S3.E2)}}

Hill Street Blues

| Melvin Jardino

| Episode: "I Want My Hill Street Blues" {{small|(S6.E15)}}

Joe Bash

| Captain Charles Taylor

| Episode: "Joe's First Partner {{small|(S1.E5)}}

rowspan="3" | 1987

| Hunter

| Mick Shaughnessy

| Episode: "Shades" {{small|(S3.E22)}}

It's Garry Shandling's Show

| Lieutenant Gerard

| Episode: "The Fugitive" {{small|(S2.E3)}}

Rags to Riches

| Viktor Leskov

| Episode: "Russian Holiday" {{small|(S2.E10)}}

1988

| The Equalizer

| Tony Costa

| Episode: "Always a Lady" {{small|(S3.E22)}}

rowspan="2" | 1989

| General Hospital

| Nicholas Van Buren

| {{cRecurring}}

The Trial of the Incredible Hulk

| Albert G. Tendelli

| TV movie. Superhero film directed by Bill Bixby.{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/475611/the-trial-of-the-incredible-hulk#credits|title=The Trial of the Incredible Hulk|work=Turner Classic Movies|publisher=Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner)|location=Atlanta|access-date=December 12, 2016}}

2001–2006

| The Bold and the Beautiful

| Massimo Marone IV

| Contract role {{small|(2001–06)}}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

= Sources =

{{Refbegin|30em}}

  • {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ziz6zQ73yx0C&q=Patricia+Neal+as+Cara&pg=PA240|title=Ron Howard: From Mayberry to the Moon...and Beyond|first=Beverly|last=Gray|publisher=Thomas Nelson|location=Nashville, Tennessee|year=2003|isbn=978-1-55853-970-9|edition=1st|page=240}}
  • {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w8KztFy6QYwC&q=Joseph+Mascolo+as+Salvatore+Maranzano&pg=PA517|title=The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946-Present|first1=Tim|last1=Brooks|first2=Earle F.|last2=Marsh|publisher=Ballantine Books|location=New York City|year=2007|isbn=978-0-345-49773-4|page=517}}
  • {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yyqc0Qa6b60C&q=Anne+Piper+novels&pg=PA580|title=The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film|editor-first=Alan |editor-last=Globe|publisher=De Gruyter Saur|location=Berlin|year=1999|isbn=978-3-598-11492-2|page=369}}
  • {{Cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3-YCAAAAMBAJ|title=To Heaven Via The Congo|journal=New York|publisher=New York Media, LLC|location=New York City|author=New York Magazine Staff|date=July 10, 1972|access-date=December 15, 2016|volume=5|issn=0028-7369|number=28|page=50}}

{{Refend}}