Juda Grossman

Juda Solomonovich Grossman was born into a Jewish merchant family in Kherson.{{cite book|title=Литературная энциклопедия. — В 11 т.|location=Moscow|publisher=Communist Academy|series=Great Soviet Encyclopedia|last=Grossman-Roshchin|first=Juda Solomonovich|date=1929–1939|editor1=V.M. Fritsche|editor2=A.V. Lunacharsky|language=ru|oclc=673751346}} At the age of 15 he became a Social Democrat and was arrested several times. Juda was influenced by his older brother Abram Grossman, who in 1897 formed the Elisavetgrad circle of the South Russian Workers' Union, which included uda. Abram and Juda were arrested in 1898. From 1899, Juda lived in the town of Novoukrainka and was under police surveillance. In the summer of 1902, Juda Grossman emigrated to Europe, where he established contacts with Russian emigrants - the Social Democrats.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}

In 1903, in London, he moved to an anarchist platform and joined an anarchist group led by Peter Kropotkin. In London, he contacted the Federation of Jewish Anarchists and published his articles in the newspaper of the Federation Freedom. He then moved onto Germany and Switzerland, where he collaborated with a group of anarcho-communists, was a member of the publishing group "Anarchy", defended the methods of terror and expropriation.{{cite book|url=http://hrono.ru/libris/stolypin/1911oglav.html|chapter-url=http://hrono.ru/biograf/bio_g/grossman_is.html|chapter=Гроссман И.С.|first=P.A.|last=Pozhigaĭlo|title=Тайна убийства Столыпина|location=Moscow|publisher=ROSSPEN|year=2003|language=ru|isbn=5824304327|oclc=52792172}} In 1903, Grossman visited Geneva and joined the local group of anarcho-communist emigrants, Bread and Freedom.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}

Grossman gave lectures to revolutionaries and called for the beginning of revolutionary terror in Russia, to raise money for the revolution through expropriation. In 1904, he broke with the Kropotkin circle "Bread and Freedom", trying to forge his own direction in anarchism. At the end of 1904, returning from emigration to the Russian Empire, Grossman settled in Bialystok, where at that time a group of anarchist-terrorists "Bread and Freedom" was formed.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}

During the 1905 Russian Revolution, Grossman organized groups of the Black Banner in Odessa, Nikolaev, Yelisavetgrad, Ekaterinoslav and Kyiv. He published the illegal newspaper Black Flag, in which he called on revolutionaries to terrorize and to organize bloody riots against the government. He acted as a supporter of the revolt, which could be caused by total terror, and was an opponent of anarcho-communism. In the spring of 1906, Grossman traveled through the cities of Russia, organizing terrorist acts against the bourgeoisie. In early 1907, as the leader of the Black Banner group in Kyiv, he was elected a delegate to the International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam. On 14 June 1907 he was arrested, brought to an inquiry, and held in Lukyanivska Prison. In 1908 he fled abroad again. From then on, he took the position of anarcho-syndicalism and advocated the unification of Russian anarchist groups into a single union. While exiled in Switzerland, he was the founder of the newspaper Rabochy Mir in 1914 and during 1915-1917 he edited the anarchist publication Rabochee Znamya.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}

Following the February Revolution, Grossman returned to Russia, where he became actively involved in anarchist agitation. He actively supported the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution, and in late 1917 - early 1918 organized the Bureau of Anarchists of the Donetsk Basin. In the summer of 1918 he took part in the Moscow Conference of Anarchists.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}

In early 1919, Grossman was one of the organizers of a group of "Soviet anarchists" who recognized the dictatorship of the Bolsheviks as necessary for the "transition period" to anarchism. In May 1919 he visited Huliaipole, where he tried to bring Nestor Makhno over to the platform of "Soviet anarchism." He then became a member of the headquarters of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, worked in legal organizations of anarchists and in the anarchist publishing house Golos Truda.{{citation needed|date=June 2025}}

Grossman withdrew from anarchist activity following the suppression of the left-wing opposition to Bolshevik rule. After that, he worked at the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers, published a number of works on the creative method of proletarian literature, polemicized with the theoretical opponents of the RAPP - with the Lefovites, Aleksandr Voronsky's group and others. In works of art he was mainly interested in their ideological side. During this time, he published a book of memoirs Thoughts of the Past (1924), a collection of articles The Artist and the Epoch (Moscow, 1928) and the book The Art of Changing the World (1929). In 1931-1934 he worked in the Methodology Sector of the Scientific Research Cinema and Photo Institute (NIKFI),{{Cite web|language=ru|url=https://adzhaya.livejournal.com/353377.html|title=Некоторые лица советского кино 1930-х|author=|website=adzhaya.livejournal.com|date=15 April 2012|publisher=|access-date=27 July 2020}} published in the journal "Soviet Cinema".{{cite journal|url=http://electro.nekrasovka.ru/books/6150841/pages/5|last=Grossman-Roshchin|first=Juda Solomonovich|title="Двадцать шесть комиссаров"|year=1933|language=ru|journal=Film Art|issue=3–4|pages=5–11|issn=0130-6405|oclc=3321631}}{{cite journal|url=http://electro.nekrasovka.ru/books/6150729/pages/4|last=Grossman-Roshchin|first=Juda Solomonovich|title=Мысли об "Иване"|year=1933|language=ru|journal=Iskusstvo Kino|issue=9|pages=4–14|issn=0130-6405|oclc=3321631}}

• {{cite journal|title=Critique of Kropotkin's Fundamental Teachings|url=https://libcom.org/library/critique-kropotkin%E2%80%99s-fundamental-teachings|year=1924|last=Grossman-Roshchin|first=Juda Solomonovich|journal=Krasnaya Nov|volume=2|location=Moscow|pages=139–154}}
• {{cite journal|title=From the history of the anarchist "Black Banner" movement in Białystok|url=https://libcom.org/library/history-anarchist-%E2%80%9Cblack-banner%E2%80%9D-movement-bia%C5%82ystok|last=Grossman-Roshchin|first=Juda Solomonovich|year=1924|journal=Biloye|issue=27/28|pages=172–182}}
• {{cite journal|url=https://libcom.org/library/notes-layman-Juda-grossman-roshchin|title=Notes of a Layman|year=1926|last=Grossman-Roshchin|first=Juda Solomonovich|issue=3|page=77|journal=Modern Architecture|archive-date=2021-05-12|access-date=2021-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512220139/https://libcom.org/library/notes-layman-Juda-grossman-roshchin|url-status=dead}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite web|title=Иуда Соломонович Рощин Гроссман р. 7 февраль 1883 ум. 1934|publisher=Rodovid|series=Дерево предков и потомков|access-date=25 December 2020|url=http://ru.rodovid.org/wk/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C:945677}}
• И. Гроссман-Рощин. [http://leftcom.wordpress.com/2011/08/30/и-гроссман-рощин-к-критике-основ-учени/ К критике основ учения П. А. Кропоткина]
• И. Гроссман-Рощин. [http://www.ruthenia.ru/sovlit/j/2977.html О природе действенного слова]
• И. Гроссман-Рощин. [http://www.ruthenia.ru/sovlit/j/2919.html Социальный замысел футуризма]
• И. Гроссман-Рощин. [http://www.ruthenia.ru/sovlit/j/2924.html Е. ПРЕОБРАЖЕНСКИЙ. «О морали и классовых нормах»]
• [http://socialist.memo.ru/lists/shtrihi/l125.htm Гроссман-Рощин Иуда Соломонович. Штрихи к портрету] на сайте Российские социалисты и анархисты после Октября 1917 года

{{Anarchism}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grossman, Juda}}

Category:1883 births

Category:1934 deaths

Category:20th-century anarchists

Category:20th-century Ukrainian Jews

Category:20th-century Ukrainian journalists

Category:Anarcho-syndicalists

Category:Jewish anarchists

Category:Revolutionaries of the Russian Revolution

Category:Revolutionaries of the Russian Revolution of 1905

Category:Soviet film critics

Category:Ukrainian anarchists

Category:Ukrainian Jews

Category:Ukrainian male journalists

Category:Ukrainian revolutionaries