Jules Ferrette

Ferrette was born in Épinal, France, possibly of Protestant parents.{{Cite book|last=Series|first= The Covenanter: Devoted to the Principles of the Reformed Presbyterian Church Volume 13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XnY0AQAAMAAJ&dq=%22jules+ferrette%22+%22protestant%22&pg=PA123|title=The Covenanter: Devoted to the Principles of the Reformed Presbyterian Church Volume 13|date=1858|pages=123|language=en}}{{Rp|pages=33}} Ferret joined the Catholic Church during his youth, then joined the Flavigny province of the Dominican Order in 1851, where he was given the religious name Raymond. He thereafter studied philosophy and theology at Grenoble and Paris, and was ordained a priest on 2 June 1855.{{Cite book|last=Anson|first=Peter F.|title=Bishops at Large|publisher=Apocryphile press|year=2006|isbn=0-9771461-8-9|series=Independent Catholic Heritage|pages=|chapter=Jules Ferrette, Mar Julius, Bishop of Iona, and alleged Patriarchal Legate of the Syrian Jacobite Church for Western Europe|author-link=Peter Anson|orig-year=1964}}{{Rp|pages=33}}

He was a Dominican missionary in Mesopotamia and Kurdistan from September to June 1856, but then apostasized from the Catholic Church.{{Rp|pages=33–4}}

Ferrette became a Presbyterian minister and missionary.{{Cite book|last=Series|first=Evangelical Christendom:Its State and Prospects VOL III-New|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7QYFAAAAQAAJ&dq=%22jules+ferrette%22+%22presbyterian%22&pg=PA584|title=Evangelical Christendom:Its State and Prospects VOL.III-New Series|date=1862|pages=584|language=en}}{{Cite book|last=Pruter|first=Karl|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l79xM4Cxde0C&dq=%22jules+ferrette%22+%22presbyterian%22&pg=PA38|title=The Old Catholic Church, Third Edition|date=2006-10-01|publisher=Wildside Press LLC|isbn=978-0-912134-41-3|pages=38|language=en|author-link=Karl Pruter}}{{Rp|pages=34}} He worked with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in Damascus from 1858 to 1865, and assisted Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood's Mission to the poor Christians of Mount Lebanon from 1860 to 1862.{{Rp|pages=34}}

Ferrette claims he was consecrated as the Bishop of Iona and its dependencies by Mutran Boutros (later the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch) at Homs (Emesa) on 2 June 1866 who was allegedly acting solus and would have given Ferrette a mission to introduce Oriental Orthodoxy to the West.{{Rp|pages=35–6}}{{cite web|title=Jules Ferrette {{!}} Roman Catholic priest|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jules-Ferrette|access-date=2021-09-11|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}{{cite web|title=British Orthodox Church|url=https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/British-Orthodox-Church?fq=;fq-Browse:Browse;L;|access-date=11 September 2021|website=Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition}} No original document of this alleged consecration is known to exist; Ferrette published what he claimed was an English translation of his Syrian consecration document after he arrived in London.{{Rp|pages=35, 37}}

Allegedly, in Oxfordshire in 1858, Richard Williams Morgan, an Anglican priest, was conditionally "baptised, confirmed, ordained and consecrated" as Patriarch of the Ancient British Church by Ferrette, and given by Ferrette the following name and full title: Mar Pelagius I, Hierarch of Caerleon-on-Usk.{{cite book|last=Pearson|first=Joanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Au_paUclEZkC&pg=PA166|title=Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic|date=27 June 2007|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-25413-7|pages=34–6|access-date=9 November 2012}}

Ferrette died in Geneva in 1904 or in 1903.{{cite book|last=Pearson|first=Joanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Au_paUclEZkC&pg=PA166|title=Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic|date=27 June 2007|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-25413-7|pages=34|access-date=9 November 2012}}

The following churches and bishops are the main ones which claim, have claimed or are believed to be descending from Ferrette's apostolic succession through alleged episcopal consecrations received from Ferrette or from bishops who claim their consecration line goes back to Ferrette:

• Jules Ferrette
• Richard Williams Morgan allegedly consecrated bishop by Ferrette.
• Charles Isaac Stevens, allegedly consecrated by Richard Williams Morgan in 1879;{{Rp|pages=|page=46}} Stevens was allegedly re-consecrated bishop by Leon Chechemian sometimes after Stevens with Richardson had consecrated Chechemian (see below).{{Cite book|last=Anson|first=Peter F.|title=Bishops at Large|publisher=Apocryphile press|year=2006|isbn=0-9771461-8-9|series=Independent Catholic Heritage|pages=|chapter=Churches Claiming the Ferrette Succession|orig-year=1964}}{{Rp|pages=219–22}}
• Leon Chechemian, allegedly consecrated in 1890 by Charles Isaac Stevens and Alfred Spencer Richardson (the latter was from the Reformed Episcopal Church in the United States).{{Rp|pages=219–20}}
• James Martin, allegedly consecrated bishop in 1897 by Leon Chechemian.{{Rp|pages=221–22}}
• Charles Albert McLaglen, consecrated bishop in 1897 by James Martin, Leon Chechemian, G.W.L. Maaers, and F. Boucher.{{Rp|pages=|page=222}}
• Mar Jacobus II (Herbert James Monzani Heard), consecrated bishop by McLaglen.{{Rp|pages=|page=224}}
• William Bernard Crow, founder of the esoteric Order of Holy Wisdom; ordained bishop in 1943 by Mar Jacobus II under the name Mar Bernard, then took the name Abdullah III.{{Rp|pages=236, 238, 241|page=}}
• Hugh George de Willmott Newman, ordained bishop in 1944 by Abdullah III.{{Rp|pages=|page=243}}{{Cite book|last=Anson|first=Peter F.|title=Bishops at Large|publisher=Apocryphile press|year=2006|isbn=0-9771461-8-9|series=Independent Catholic Heritage|pages=|chapter=The Catholicate of the West (Catholic Apostolic Church), otherwise known as The United Orthodox Catholic Rite and The Celtic Catholic Church|orig-year=1964}}{{Rp|pages=449–50|page=}}
• British Orthodox Church and abba Seraphim{{cite web|title=The British Patriarchate Restored After 24 Years In Commission - The British Orthodox Church|url=https://britishorthodox.org/6277/the-british-patriarchate-restored-after-24-years-in-commission/|access-date=2021-10-24}}
• Celtic Orthodox Church{{cite web|date=|title=Succession apostolique dans l'Église Orthodoxe Celtique|url=http://www.orthodox.ch/lignee2.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030005907/http://www.orthodox.ch/lignee2.htm|archive-date=2008-10-30|access-date=2021-10-27|website=Eglise Orthodoxe Celtique, éparchie de Suisse}}
• Mar Frederic (Harrington), consecrated bishop under condition by Jacobus II.{{Rp|pages=|page=231}}
• The line of succession also continued at least into the late 1950s in Britain under Dorian A. F. Herbert of Newport, Wales, who was the head of {{Clarify|date=October 2021|text=the offshoot Ancient British Church}}.{{cite book|author=James R. Lewis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3w8ZAQAAIAAJ|title=The encyclopedia of cults, sects, and new religions|publisher=Prometheus Books|year=2002|isbn=978-1-57392-888-5|access-date=10 November 2012}} Herbert founded the Jesuene Church, also called the Free Orthodox-Catholic Church, in 1937.{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IMRsJ1gnIYkC&dq=Jesuene+%28Free-Orthodox+Catholic+Church&pg=PA307|title=World Christian Trends Ad30-ad2200 (hb)|date=2001|publisher=William Carey Library|isbn=978-0-87808-608-5|pages=307|language=en|chapter=Part 6. Independency: The shift to postdenominationalism in church lifestyle worldwide}} Thereafter, Herbert was consecrated bishop of Caerleon in 1937 by the primate of the Orthodox-Keltic Church of the British Commonwealth of Nations, Mar Frederic (Harrington).{{Cite book|last=Anson|first=Peter F.|title=Bishops at Large|publisher=Apocryphile press|year=2006|isbn=0-9771461-8-9|series=Independent Catholic Heritage|pages=|chapter=Churches of the Vilatte succession|orig-year=1964}}{{Rp|pages=|page=294}} On 3 December 1944, Herbert was re-consecrated bishop by Willmott Newman.{{Rp|pages=|page=454}}{{Rp|page=295}} After this, Herbert "later syling himself Mar Doreo and regarding himself as the successor of Mar Pelagius (Morgan) [...] revived the [...] Ancient British Church" which had ceased to exist as it had merged into the Catholicate of the West.{{cite book|last=Pearson|first=Joanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Au_paUclEZkC&pg=PA166|title=Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic|date=27 June 2007|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-25413-7|pages=51, 133|access-date=9 November 2012}}{{Rp|page=|pages=294–8}} In 1957, the name of Herbert's church was changed to "Ancient British Church (Agnostic)", with "(Agnostic)" meaning his church did not follow any dogma.{{Rp|page=|pages=298}}

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Category:1828 births

Category:1904 deaths

Category:People from Épinal

Category:French Oriental Orthodox Christians

Category:Converts to Oriental Orthodoxy from Roman Catholicism

Category:Dominican missionaries

Category:French Roman Catholic missionaries

Category:French Dominicans

Category:Roman Catholic missionaries in Iraq

Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Protestantism

Category:Founders of new religious movements