Julidini

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Sunset Wrasse, Emily Bay, Kingston 2899, Norfolk Island imported from iNaturalist photo 444014203 (cropped).jpg

| image_caption = Sunset wrasse (Thalassoma lutescens)

| image2 = Eastern King Wrasse, Orau Cove imported from iNaturalist photo 170288982 (cropped).jpg

| image2_caption = Eastern king wrasse (Coris sandeyeri)

| taxon = Julidini

| authority = Russell, 1988

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision = 20., see text

}}

The julidine wrasses are saltwater fish of the tribe Julidini, a subgroup of the wrasse family (Labridae). It contains the highest number of genera and species out of all the wrasse tribes, with 20 genera and over 200 species,{{Cite journal |last1=Westneat |first1=Mark W. |last2=Alfaro |first2=Michael E. |date=2005-03-11 |title=Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the reef fish family Labridae |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790305000400 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |language=en |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=370–390 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.02.001|pmid=15955516 |bibcode=2005MolPE..36..370W |url-access=subscription }} comprising almost a third of all wrasse species.{{Cite journal |last=Hughes |first=Lily C |last2=Nash |first2=Chloe M |last3=White |first3=William T |last4=Westneat |first4=Mark W |date=2023-05-01 |title=Concordance and Discordance in the Phylogenomics of the Wrasses and Parrotfishes (Teleostei: Labridae) |url=https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/72/3/530/6798871 |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=72 |issue=3 |pages=530–543 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syac072 |issn=1063-5157}}

Taxonomy

A 2005 molecular phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the monophyly of Julidini.

It also found that the cleaner wrasse genera that traditionally comprised the tribe Labrichthyini (Labrichthys, Labropsis, Diproctacanthus, Larabicus, and Labroides), although forming a monophyletic group, were all nested within Julidini. Labrichthys is the sister group to the other cleaner wrasse genera, and does not act as a cleaner; it is an obligate corallivore for its entire life.{{Cite journal |last=Cole |first=A. J. |date=2010-03-01 |title=Cleaning to corallivory: ontogenetic shifts in feeding ecology of tubelip wrasse |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00338-009-0563-z |journal=Coral Reefs |language=en |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=125–129 |doi=10.1007/s00338-009-0563-z |issn=1432-0975|url-access=subscription }} Larabicus, Diproctacanthus, and Labropsis are cleaners only as juveniles and feed on corals as adults, while Labroides is a cleaner for its entire life.{{Cite journal |last=Grutter |first=Alexandra S. |last2=Feeney |first2=William E. |date=2016-09-01 |title=Equivalent cleaning in a juvenile facultative and obligate cleaning wrasse: an insight into the evolution of cleaning in labrids? |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00338-016-1460-x |journal=Coral Reefs |language=en |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=991–997 |doi=10.1007/s00338-016-1460-x |issn=1432-0975|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last=Baliga |first=Vikram B. |last2=Law |first2=Chris J. |date=2016-01-01 |title=Cleaners among wrasses: Phylogenetics and evolutionary patterns of cleaning behavior within Labridae |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1055790315002729 |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=94 |pages=424–435 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.006 |issn=1055-7903|url-access=subscription }}

File:Thalassoma lunare, Slaughter Bay, Kingston 2899, Norfolk Island imported from iNaturalist photo 333635337 (cropped).jpg with Gomphosus varius. At Norfolk Island.]]

The tribe Pseudolabrini is likely the sister group of Julidini, if not nested within Julidini; the former is additionally supported by Hughes et al 2023.

Several genera in this tribe are problematic. Most notably, Halichoeres and Coris are paraphyletic or polyphyletic. Gomphosus has also been repeatedly found nested within Thalassoma.

The difficulty in resolving relationships within Julidini is a result of the rapid speciation of julidine wrasses.

Evolution

The tribe Julidini likely originated in the Eocene. It is hypothesized that the relatively warm and stable climate that followed the Early Eocene Climactic Optimum may have played a part in the diversification of julidine wrasses. Fossil julidine wrasses such as †Coris sigismundi have been found in rocks dating to the Miocene.

Genera

class="wikitable"

!Genera

!Image

Anampses

Julidini

Taxonomy

Evolution

Genera

References