Kırıkkale
{{About|the city in Turkey|the village in Cyprus|Melouseia}}
{{Infobox Turkey place
| type = municipality
| name = Kırıkkale
| other_name =
| image_skyline = Kırıkkale Saat Kulesi.jpg
| image_caption = Clock Tower in Kırıkkale
| image_shield =
| coordinates = {{coord|39|50|30|N|33|30|50|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| province = Kırıkkale
| district = Kırıkkale
| leader_party = CHP
| leader_name = Ahmet Önal
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 186960
| population_as_of = 2022
| postal_code = 71000
| area_code = 0318
| website = {{url|https://www.kirikkale.bel.tr/}}
}}
File:Kırıkkale Merkez Nur Camii.jpg
Kırıkkale is a city in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Kırıkkale Province and Kırıkkale District.[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx İl Belediyesi], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023. Its population is 186,960 (2022).{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=13 March 2023|publisher=TÜİK|language=en|format=XLS}} It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. The name of the city means broken castle.
The town of Kırıkkale is located on the Ankara-Kayseri railway near the Kızılırmak River in central Turkey. Formerly a village, it owes its rapid rise in population mainly to the establishment of steel mills in the 1950s. These works, among the largest in the country, specialize in high-quality alloy steel and machinery. In the 1960s, chemical plants were added and in 1986, the Tüpraş Kırıkkale Oil Refinery was established.
History
Perhaps formerly known as Sarmalius in antiquity,{{cite web|url=http://assets.press.princeton.edu/B_ATLAS/BATL063_.pdf|title=Map 63 Ancyra|access-date=2023-03-27|author=S. Mitchell|language=en}}{{cite web|url=https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/619255|title='Sarmalius: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2012|access-date=2023-03-27|author=S. Mitchell, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, and S. Gillies|language=en}}{{cite web|url=http://imperium.ahlfeldt.se/places/36158.html|title=About: Sarmalius, perhaps near Kırıkkale|access-date=2013-08-01|author=Johan Åhlfeldt|language=en}} The name of the city supposedly comes from the name "Kırık" a village 3 km north of the city combined with another name called "Kale", meaning castle, in the centre of the city, the two were put together to make 'Kırıkkale'. Kırıkkale in Turkish means "broken castle". Inhabitation began in the 16th century when Turkish tribes came from the east and settled in Central Anatolia.
{{cite web|url=http://www.allaboutturkey.com/kirikkale.htm%7Ctitle=|title=Web Hosting Control Panel Login|website=www.allaboutturkey.com}} Formerly part of Ankara Province, it became the seat of the new Kırıkkale Province in 1989.[https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20202.pdf Kanun No. 3578], Resmî Gazete, 21 June 1989.
Geography
Kırıkkale lies near Kızılırmak River (translating to Red River) in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. The river is used to produce rice for the Turkish economy. The natural vegetation is steppe type, and vineyards are found in abundance.
=Climate=
Kırıkkale has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) or a continental climate (Trewartha: Dc).{{cite journal |last1=Öztürk |first1= Mehmet Zeynel|last2=Çetinkaya |first2=Gülden |last3=Aydın |first3=Selman |title= Köppen-Geiger İklim Sınıflandırmasına Göre Türkiye’nin İklim Tipleri/Climate Types of Turkey According to Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification|url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/370152 |journal= Coğrafya Dergisi – Journal of Geography |volume=35|issue=2017|pages= 17–27|doi= 10.26650/JGEOG295515|access-date=23 June 2020}} {{in lang|tr|en}} Winters are cold and moderately snowy, whereas summers are hot and dry. Rainfall is most common during spring and autumn.
Highest recorded temperature:{{Convert|42.0|C|F|abbr=on}} on 15 August 2023
Lowest recorded temperature:{{Convert|-22.4|C|F|abbr=on}} on 16 January 1980.{{cite web
| url = https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=A&m=KIRIKKALE | title = Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Genel İstatistik Verileri | publisher = Turkish State Meteorological Service | language = tr | access-date = 25 December 2024}}
{{Weather box
|metric first= Yes
|single line= Yes
|collapsed=
|location= Kırıkkale (1991–2020, extremes 1963–2023)
| Jan record high C = 18.0
| Feb record high C = 21.4
| Mar record high C = 30.4
| Apr record high C = 32.0
| May record high C = 36.0
| Jun record high C = 37.6
| Jul record high C = 41.8
| Aug record high C = 42.0
| Sep record high C = 40.6
| Oct record high C = 33.5
| Nov record high C = 24.8
| Dec record high C = 19.0
| year record high C = 41.8
| Jan high C = 4.7
| Feb high C = 7.8
| Mar high C = 13.2
| Apr high C = 18.7
| May high C = 23.8
| Jun high C = 28.2
| Jul high C = 31.8
| Aug high C = 31.9
| Sep high C = 27.7
| Oct high C = 21.4
| Nov high C = 13.0
| Dec high C = 6.3
| year high C = 19.0
| Jan mean C = 0.8
| Feb mean C = 2.7
| Mar mean C = 7.2
| Apr mean C = 12.2
| May mean C = 17.1
| Jun mean C = 21.4
| Jul mean C = 24.9
| Aug mean C = 24.9
| Sep mean C = 20.3
| Oct mean C = 14.4
| Nov mean C = 7.0
| Dec mean C = 2.4
| year mean C = 12.9
| Jan low C = -2.4
| Feb low C = -1.4
| Mar low C = 2.0
| Apr low C = 6.1
| May low C = 10.7
| Jun low C = 14.5
| Jul low C = 17.6
| Aug low C = 17.7
| Sep low C = 13.1
| Oct low C = 8.3
| Nov low C = 2.2
| Dec low C = -0.6
| year low C = 7.3
| Jan record low C = -22.4
| Feb record low C = -21.6
| Mar record low C = -19.8
| Apr record low C = -6.8
| May record low C = 0.4
| Jun record low C = 4.6
| Jul record low C = 7.4
| Aug record low C = 7.2
| Sep record low C = 2.7
| Oct record low C = -5.0
| Nov record low C = -9.7
| Dec record low C = -18.0
| year record low C = -22.4
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 42.8
| Feb precipitation mm = 30.2
| Mar precipitation mm = 39.1
| Apr precipitation mm = 40.0
| May precipitation mm = 50.2
| Jun precipitation mm = 42.3
| Jul precipitation mm = 9.6
| Aug precipitation mm = 14.4
| Sep precipitation mm = 15.0
| Oct precipitation mm = 29.1
| Nov precipitation mm = 30.6
| Dec precipitation mm = 43.6
| year precipitation mm = 386.9
| Jan precipitation days = 11.57
| Feb precipitation days = 9.93
| Mar precipitation days = 11.03
| Apr precipitation days = 11.87
| May precipitation days = 13.37
| Jun precipitation days = 9.83
| Jul precipitation days = 3.50
| Aug precipitation days = 3.57
| Sep precipitation days = 4.73
| Oct precipitation days = 7.50
| Nov precipitation days = 8.00
| Dec precipitation days = 11.27
| year precipitation days = 106.2
|Jan humidity=80.0
|Feb humidity=72.8
|Mar humidity=64.5
|Apr humidity=60.7
|May humidity=59.1
|Jun humidity=54.6
|Jul humidity=47.4
|Aug humidity=47.3
|Sep humidity=50.9
|Oct humidity=61.5
|Nov humidity=71.4
|Dec humidity=80.0
|year humidity=62.3
| Jan sun = 83.7
| Feb sun = 121.5
| Mar sun = 170.5
| Apr sun = 216.0
| May sun = 269.7
| Jun sun = 312.0
| Jul sun = 359.6
| Aug sun = 337.9
| Sep sun = 267.0
| Oct sun = 207.7
| Nov sun = 141.0
| Dec sun = 74.4
| year sun =
| Jand sun = 2.7
| Febd sun = 4.3
| Mard sun = 5.5
| Aprd sun = 7.2
| Mayd sun = 8.7
| Jund sun = 10.4
| Juld sun = 11.6
| Augd sun = 10.9
| Sepd sun = 8.9
| Octd sun = 6.7
| Novd sun = 4.7
| Decd sun = 2.4
| yeard sun = 7.0
|source 1 = Turkish State Meteorological Service{{cite web
| url = https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=H&m=KIRIKKALE
| title = Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)
| publisher = Turkish State Meteorological Service
| language = tr
| access-date = 6 July 2021}}
|source 2 = NOAA (humidity){{cite web
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Kirikkale_17135.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020: Bursa
| publisher = National centers for Environmental Information |format=CSV
| access-date = 2 August 2023}}
}}
Education
Kırıkkale University is located in the city.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [https://www.kirikkale.bel.tr/ Municipality's official website] {{in lang|tr}}
- [https://www.kku.edu.tr/ Kirikkale University official website]
- [https://www.gundem71.con/ Kirikkale haberleri]{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{Kırıkkale District}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kirikkale}}