KLT-40 reactor

{{Short description|Nuclear fission reactor family}}

The KLT-40 family are nuclear fission reactors originating from OK-150 and OK-900 ship reactors. KLT-40 were developed to power the Taymyr-class icebreakers (KLT-40M, 171 MW) and the LASH carrier Sevmorput (KLT-40, 135 MW).[http://www.bellona.org/english_import_area/international/russia/civilian_nuclear_vessels/icebreakers/30107 Nuclear icebreakers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110413075406/http://www.bellona.org/english_import_area/international/russia/civilian_nuclear_vessels/icebreakers/30107 |date=2011-04-13 }}. Bellona Foundation, 18 June 1997. {{retrieved | accessdate=2011-11-29}} They are pressurized water reactors (PWR) fueled by either 30–40% or 90%90 % according to information provided to Norwegian government in 1990, 30–40 % according to Bellona Foundation citing communication with Murmansk Shipping Company. (Diakov, Anatoli C. et al.) enriched uranium-235 fuel to produce 135 to 171 MW of thermal power.{{Citation| last1=Diakov| first1=Anatoli C.| last2=Dmitriev| first2=Alexander M.| last3=Kang| first3=Jungmin| last4=Shuvayev| first4=Alexey M.| last5=von Hippel| first5=Frank N.| display-authors=1|year=2006|pages=33–48|title=Feasibility of Converting Russian Icebreaker Reactors from HEU to LEU Fuel|journal=Science and Global Security|volume=14| issue=1|publisher=Taylor & Francis, Inc.

|url=http://www.armscontrol.ru/pubs/en/heu-leu-reactors-sgs.pdf|access-date=2011-11-26| doi=10.1080/08929880600620575| bibcode=2006S&GS...14...33D| s2cid=56235901}}

The KLT-40S variant is used in the Russian floating nuclear power station Akademik Lomonosov. It was developed by OKBM Afrikantov and produced by NMZ. The KLT-40S produces 150 MW thermal (about 52 MWe at 35% efficiency). It uses low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel enriched below 20%, averaging at 14.1% enrichment, and has a fuel cycle of 3 years.{{cite web |url=https://aris.iaea.org/PDF/KLT-40S.pdf |title=KLT-40S |publisher=IAEA |work=Advanced Reactor Information System |year=2013 |access-date=10 November 2021 |archive-date=13 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013045730/https://aris.iaea.org/PDF/KLT-40S.pdf |url-status=dead }}

The KLT-40 design was further improved and evolved into RITM-200 family of SMR.