Kae Miller

{{Short description|New Zealand conservationist and activist (1910–1994)}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Kae Miller

| image = Kae Miller - Landscape (cropped 2).jpg

| alt =

| caption = Miller in the 1980s

| birth_name = Katrine Fearon Hursthouse

| birth_date = {{Birth date|1910|12|30|df=y}}

| birth_place = Wellington, New Zealand

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1994|06|19|1910|12|30|df=y}}

| death_place = Wellington, New Zealand

| nationality =

| other_names = {{cslist|Kae Hursthouse|Katrine Miller|K. F. Miller}}

| occupation = {{cslist|Psychologist|environmental and mental health activist}}

| years_active = 1940s–1990s

| known_for = Creation of View Road Park and the Alice Krebs Lodge

| notable_works =

| relatives = {{plainlist|

Richmond Hursthouse (grandfather)
Alfred Saunders (great-grandfather)

}}

Kae Miller (also known as Kae Hursthouse, 30 December 1910 – 19 June 1994) was a New Zealand conservationist, mental health activist, and cooperative housing advocate. She grew up in the Wellington area, attending local schools. At the age of thirteen, she went abroad to study and attended a private girls' school in Hertfordshire, England. Returning to New Zealand, she earned a Bachelor of Science in 1932 from Victoria College and the following year completed a master's degree with honours from Massey College. Returning to England, Hursthouse obtained a teaching certificate with an emphasis on child psychology at the Institute of Education in London. After a brief marriage in 1936, she spent almost two years travelling, before returning to England to engage in support work during World War II. Having become a committed pacifist, between 1939 and 1942 she worked with a group to rescue Jews from Germany and served as a nurse's aid in the Civil Nursing Reserve and at two hospitals.

Returning to New Zealand in 1942, Miller worked at the Anglican Boys Home in Lower Hutt, worked as a child welfare officer, and ran a home for maladjusted children. She also gave radio lectures about child welfare. Back in England, from 1947 she spent several years working in children's homes until she again moved back to New Zealand in the early 1950s. Concerned for the well-being of people who struggled with mental illness, she created the Box Trust for Mental Health in 1969. Miller initiated a recycling scheme at the Porirua tip (or landfill) in 1977. She attempted to create an eco-friendly cooperative housing project on land she owned. Unable to secure approval from the Wellington City Council, in 1980 she changed her plans and founded the View Road Park Project Society. Through her efforts, the View Road Park and Reserve (Te Rae Kaihau Park) was developed to conserve the natural environment. The Alice Krebs Lodge was opened both as accommodation for caretakers managing the park and as a spiritual retreat.

Early life and education

Katrine Fearon Hursthouse, known as "Kae", was born on 30 December 1910 in Wellington, New Zealand, to Rhoda (née Buchanan) and William Richmond Hursthouse.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=10}}{{sfn|The Evening Post|1906a|p=1}}{{sfn|The Evening Post|1936|p=15}} Her father was a dentist, but had recurring clinical depression.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=10}}{{sfn|Young|1983}} He studied dental surgery in England and then had a private practice in Wellington.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1906b|p=5}}{{sfn|District Health Board|2016}} Her maternal grandparents were Elizabeth (née Saunders), daughter of Alfred Saunders, a member of New Zealand's Parliament and supporter of women's suffrage, and J. E. Buchanan.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1906a|p=1}}{{sfn|Lyttelton Times|1880|p=6}}{{sfn|McGibbon|1990}} Her paternal grandparents were Mary Fearon and Richmond Hursthouse, also at one time a member of parliament.{{sfn|Kete Horowhenua|2020|p=further information}}{{sfn|Scholefield|1940|pp=422–423}} She was raised with her younger sister Mary and a brother, William.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=10}}{{sfn|Yachting New Zealand|2014}}{{#tag:ref|William "Bill" Weldon Oliver Hursthouse was the son of Robert Henry Weldon Oliver, who died in service in 1915 and Kate Hursthouse, who died in 1920.{{sfn|Kete Horowhenua|2020|p=main}} He was adopted by his aunt and uncle after his mother's death.{{sfn|Yachting New Zealand|2014}}|group="Notes"}} In 1919, at the conclusion of her father's World War I service in the Royal New Zealand Dental Corps, the family joined him in Egypt for several months before going to England.{{sfn|The Dominion|1919|p=2}}{{sfn|Ashburton Guardian|1918|p=5}}{{sfn|The New Zealand Times|1919|p=8}} After he spent a year completing dentistry studies at Guy's Hospital, they returned to New Zealand in August 1920.{{sfn|The Dominion|1920|p=4}} Hursthouse attended Samuel Marsden Collegiate School and then in 1923 went abroad with her mother, sister, and brother. Mary and William studied at a local lyceum in Paris for two years, while their mother studied languages at the Sorbonne.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=10}}{{sfn|Yachting New Zealand|2014}} Kae enrolled at Abbot's Hill School in Hertfordshire, England, a girls' boarding school founded and headed by her godmother Katrine Baird.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=10}}{{sfn|Glucksman Library|2014}}{{sfn|Ots|1994}}

In 1928, Hursthouse returned from England to New Zealand in September.{{sfn|The Auckland Sun|1928|p=2}} She was severely injured in an accident in November, when the car she was riding in was struck by a train.{{sfn|The New Zealand Herald|1928|p=10}} She began studying botany and zoology at Victoria University of Wellington,{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=10}}{{sfn|Ots|1994}} and graduated in 1932 with a Bachelor of Science.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1932|p=12}} Hursthouse then completed a master's degree with honours in 1933 from Massey College.{{sfn|Manawatū Standard|1933|p=6}}{{sfn|Fearon |1932}} She was back in England in 1934, studying for a teaching certificate and attending lectures on child psychology at the Institute of Education in London.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1945|p=10}} In 1935, she participated in Empire Day celebrations by giving a talk on the League of Nations in Ealing at the junior branch of the League's Union.{{sfn|The Middlesex County Times|1935|p=10}} In the spring of 1936 in Wellington, she married Alexander "Lex" Miller,{{sfn|The Evening Post|1936|p=15}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=11}}{{sfn|The Hawke's Bay Tribune|1936|p=14}} a Scottish, Presbyterian minister living in Auckland, who was the general secretary of the New Zealand Student Christian Movement.{{sfn|The Evening Post''|1936|p=15}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=11}}{{sfn|Church Register|2014|p=Mathew to Miller}} They separated soon after an August trip that year to San Francisco, California, as delegates for New Zealand to the World Student Christian Federation.{{sfn|Ots|1994}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=11}}{{sfn|Alien Passenger Lists|1936}}

In December 1937, Hursthouse and her sister Mary travelled abroad from Australia to the south of France.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1937|p=14}} From France, they journeyed on to Italy and arrived in London the following spring. There they visited their brother, William, who was working at Imperial Airways, and enjoyed the hospitality of an aunt.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1938a|p=18}} The sisters left England to spend the summer in Germany with plans to return to New Zealand on 3 December 1938.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1938a|p=18}}{{sfn|The Evening Post|1938b|p=16}} They were later joined by a cousin and a German-Jewish friend, Alice Krebs, and went to the Ore Mountains on the Czech border. Krebs, who became influential in Hursthouse's life, was a vegetarian and an advocate of foraging for natural foods, a skill she taught the group.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=11}} Hursthouse remained in Germany when Mary returned to New Zealand.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=11}}{{sfn|The Wanganui Chronicle|1939|p=2}} She travelled to Pomerania and stayed with {{ill|Reinhold von Thadden|de}}, chair of the World Student Christian Federation and an adherent of the Confessing Church.{{sfn|The Wanganui Chronicle|1939|p=2}}{{sfn|Boyd|2007|p=3}}{{sfn|Hursthouse|1939|p=1}} Von Thadden opposed the Nazi regime, and stepped down from his post when the German state attempted to restrict membership of the organisation to Aryans.{{sfn|The Wanganui Chronicle|1939|p=2}}{{sfn|Boyd|2007|p=3}}

Career

=War years (1938–1945)=

Although at the beginning of the war Hursthouse was not a pacifist, her friend Laura Livingstone, who was involved in the peace movement, influenced her decision to become an activist in promoting peace.{{sfn|Ots|1994}}{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}} Bishop of Chichester George Bell sent Livingstone, who was his sister-in-law, to Berlin to work with the International Christian Committee for German Refugees.{{sfn|Radcliffe|2008|p=284}} Constituted in London,{{sfn|Gerlach|2000|p=132}} the group worked with Heinrich Grüber's relief offices to assist Jews and non-Aryan Christians in leaving Germany.{{sfn|Gerlach|2000|pp=154–155}}{{sfn|Heschel|2008|p=281}} Hursthouse began working with Livingstone in Berlin,{{sfn|Ots|1994}}{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}} but they returned to England in early 1939 when the bishop advised the work to rescue Jews from Germany should continue from England because of war conditions.{{sfn|Radcliffe|2008|p=284}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|pp=11–12}} Her skill with languages – she was fluent in German and also spoke French and Russian – facilitated her work with refugees.{{sfn|Ots|1994}} She also worked as a nurse's aid in the Civil Nursing Reserve and at two hospitals.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1945|p=10}} During this time, Hursthouse became engaged to Franz Baermann Steiner, a Czech émigré, who was an anthropologist and poet.{{sfn|Lloyd|2007|p=124}} He dedicated his poem "Läuterungen" ("Purifications") to her. Although the engagement was later called off, the two remained friends.{{sfn|Lloyd|2007|p=124}}{{sfn|Adler|2000|p=449}}{{sfn|Hanuschek|2005|p=332}} Through her friendship with Steiner, she met Elias Canetti, who would later win the Nobel Prize in Literature, and his wife, Veza.{{sfn|Lloyd|2007|p=124}}{{sfn|Canetti|2003|pp=14–15}}{{sfn|Hanuschek|2005|pp=337, 613}} To help the Canettis financially, she asked Elias to tutor her to improve her German.{{sfn|Lauer|Wachinger|2014|p=452}}{{sfn|Hanuschek|2005|p=336}}

In August 1941, Hursthouse's father died and her mother began pressing her to return to New Zealand.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|pp=11–12}}{{sfn|The Press|1941|p=1}} She left in May 1942,{{sfn|Hanuschek|2005|p=338}} but remained in contact with the Canettis, facilitating their correspondence to each other and Elias' brother Georges in France. To get around the British censorship rules, the Canettis mailed letters to Hursthouse, who forwarded them from New Zealand until the end of the war.{{sfn|Hanuschek|2005|p=472}}{{sfn|Lauer|Wachinger|2014|pp=i, 453}} By July, she was engaged in an effort to raise funds to facilitate paying the expenses of refugee students who were attending Canterbury University College.{{sfn|The Press|1942|p=4}} Hursthouse continued to work for peace, often speaking from a soapbox and debating the importance of pacifism.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}} She secured a post on the staff of the Anglican Boys Home in Lower Hutt and began lecturing on the radio about child welfare.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1945|p=10}}{{sfn|The Press|1948|p=3}} In 1945, Hursthouse established a Saturday school for five- to nine-year-old children which taught handicrafts and painting, and allowed children to play games or to participate in picnics, puppet shows, and swimming.{{sfn|The Evening Post|1945|p=10}}

=Post-war period (1947–1966)=

In December 1947, Hursthouse returned to London.{{sfn|New Zealand Passenger Lists|1947}} She discovered that Krebs was living there, having survived the war and her internment at the Theresienstadt concentration camp.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|pp=11–12}} In spring 1948, Hursthouse's daughter, Felicity, was born in London,{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=14}}{{sfn|Birth record|1948}}{{sfn|The Press|1967|p=3}} and at the end of the year, her mother died.{{sfn|Probate record|1949}} She worked in several children's homes in England, while living in Camden Town.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|UK Passenger Lists|1948}}{{sfn|Electoral Rolls|1949}} In the early 1950s, she returned to New Zealand and reverted to her married name.{{sfn|Electoral Rolls|1954}} She spent the next several years managing properties she had inherited from her mother and returned to studies to further her education.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=13}}{{sfn|Gabel|1990|p=516}} In 1966, she completed a master's thesis entitled, Kant, Canetti, and the Psychopaths: Doubts Compared at Victoria University of Wellington.{{sfn|Gabel|1990|p=516}}

=New Zealand activism (1969–1994)=

File:Kae Miller - Porirua landfill lodge.jpg

Miller had a life-long interest in mental health and the care of persons with mental illness.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|Donaldson|1983|p=11}} In 1969, she registered a charity, the Box Trust for Mental Health, which was funded from the revenues of property she owned.{{sfn|Young|1983}}{{sfn|Companies Office|2022}} In the early 1970s, she became involved with the Action for the Environment group and quickly began advocating for conservation, responsible management of development projects, and preservation of natural habitats.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|Salient|1974|p=14}} Becoming aware of landfill waste, she began a recycling push to clean up what locals called rubbish tips. In 1977, at the Porirua landfill, she built a lodge, which she called the Alice Krebs Lodge, out of salvaged packing crates and other materials. She lived in the lodge for two years before the Porirua City Council made her vacate the premises.{{sfn|Ots|1994}}{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}} She worked with environmentalists and former psychiatric patients to find and repair recyclable objects in the landfill so that they could be resold.{{sfn|Ots|1994}} The group was able to raise about $100 per month by reclaiming bottles and paper.{{sfn|Donaldson|1983|p=11}} She also gave tours of bush reserves to raise awareness about the importance of maintaining green spaces.{{sfn|Ots|1994}}

During this same time, Miller was committed to creating cooperative housing as a refuge for people with mental illnesses. As she had struggled with depression herself, Miller wanted to establish a natural sanctuary where people could recuperate and relax. She owned property on Mount Kaukau and developed plans to build five homes for this purpose on Simla Crescent in Khandallah.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|Donaldson|1983|p=11}} She formed the Collaborative Housing Society in the 1970s and applied numerous times for a permit to develop the properties. The government was unfavourable to cooperative housing at the time and neighbours opposed the development, fearing problems with the proposed residents.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}}{{sfn|Davey|Barrington|1979|p=23}} Miller owned other properties in Christchurch and Kelburn. In 1980, she sold the Kelburn property with the intent of using the proceeds to establish a housing cooperative. In 1988, the Wellington City Council rejected the housing proposal but allowed the area to be rezoned to prevent development.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}}

In 1980, the Collaborative Housing Society reorganized as the View Road Park Society and began working on development of a park.{{sfn|Gray|Davey|1983|p=41}} This organisation lent money to develop the View Road South Headland Reserve, aiming to create a nature preserve, recreational green space, and sanctuary for recovery from mental illness.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=25}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=12}} In 1981, the View Road Park Society secured approval from the Wellington City Council to establish a park on 9.3 hectares of land located on a ridge overlooking Houghton Bay on one side and Lyall Bay on the other. The city leased the property at peppercorn rental rates to the society for a ten-year term.{{sfn|Gray|Davey|1983|p=41}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=3}} At the time the reserve was acquired, it was overgrown with gorse. Miller focused on planting trees and native plants and bushes on the site.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=4}}{{sfn|Rattenbury|2010|p=28}} Though the lease expired in 1991, the Wellington City Council has allowed a month by month rental to continue.{{sfn|Strategy & Policy Committee|2009|p=7, Appendix E}}

In 1985, Miller built a small house on the site of the park, which she named the Alice Krebs Lodge.{{sfn|Rattenbury|2010|p=6}} The structure was built in the traditional kiwi bach holiday home style. The thirty square metre building is made of timber and supported by timber pilings because of the steep grade of the site. It is a utilitarian cottage with few amenities, although it is connected to the city's electrical, sewage, and water systems.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|pp=6–8}} The interior contains a bathroom, bedroom, kitchen alcove, and living room.{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=8}} Miller lived in the structure until 1990 and since she vacated it, it has primarily been used as a seasonal residence for caretakers of the park, or a retreat for those seeking mental and physical solace.{{sfn|Rattenbury|2010|p=6}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=9}}

Death and legacy

Miller died on 19 June 1994 in Wellington and her funeral followed on 23 June from the St Peter's Church on Willis Street.{{sfn|Ots|1994}}{{sfn|Piątek|2009|p=13}} At her death, she was remembered as one of the leaders of New Zealand's conservation movement and as a staunch advocate of promoting peace, cooperative housing, and care for people with mental illnesses.{{sfn|Ots|1994}} In 2007, the Kae Miller Trust was established by the Te Rae Kaihau Restoration Group to honour Miller's work in founding the reserve and continue her protection of the environment there.{{sfn|Rattenbury|2010|p=6}} In both 2002 and 2009, the Wellington City Council proposed changing the designation of the site from a recreational reserve to a type B scenic reserve to give greater protection to its unique coastal environment and cultural heritage value.{{sfn|South Coast Management Plan|2002|p=4, Appendix 1}}{{sfn|Strategy & Policy Committee|2009|p=6, Report 5}} The Te Rae Kaihau Restoration Group established a care-taking plan for the reserve in 2010 with a five-year model for monitoring, restoration, and review of the site.{{sfn|Rattenbury|2010|pp=7–12}}

Notes

References

=Citations=

=Bibliography=

{{cite book |ref={{harvid|Adler|2000}} |last1=Adler |first1=Jeremy |author1-link=Jeremy Adler |last2=Steiner |first2=Franz Baermann |author2-link=Franz Baermann Steiner |editor1-last=Adler |editor1-first=Jeremy |title=Am stürzenden Pfad: gesammelte Gedichte |url=https://archive.org/details/amsturzendenpfad0000stei/page/449/mode/1up |date=2000 |edition=1. Aufl |series=Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung Darmstadt |volume=76 |publisher=Wallstein Verlag |location=Göttingen, Germany |language=German |trans-title=On the Falling Path: Collected Poems |chapter=Nachwort [Afterword] |quote=1938 hat er sich mit der Neuseeländerin Kae Faeron Hursthouse verlobt, der die Läuterungen gewidmet sind, auch später hat er die Freundschaft mit Kae gepflegt, aber das Verlöbnis mißglückte. [In 1938 he became engaged to the New Zealander Kae Faeron Hursthouse, to whom the Purifications are dedicated. Later he maintained his friendship with Kae, but the engagement failed.] |page=449 |isbn=978-3-89244-411-4}}
{{cite journal |last1=Boyd |first1=Robin |title=The Witness of the Student Christian Movement |journal=International Bulletin of Mission Research |date=January 2007 |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=3–8 |doi=10.1177/239693930703100101 |publisher=Overseas Ministries Study Center |location=Princeton, New Jersey |s2cid=148677182 |issn=0272-6122 |oclc=5211607221}}{{subscription required|via=SAGE Publishing}}
{{cite book |last1=Canetti |first1=Elias |author-link=Elias Canetti |editor1-last=Adler |editor1-first=Jeremy |editor-link=Jeremy Adler |title=Party im Blitz: Die englischen Jahre |url=https://archive.org/details/partyimblitzdiee0000cane/page/14/mode/1up |date=2003 |publisher=Carl Hanser Verlag |location=Munich, Germany |language=German |trans-title=Party in the Blitz: The English Years |isbn=978-3-446-20350-1}}
{{cite book |ref={{harvid|Lauer|Wachinger|2014}} |last1=Canetti |first1=Elias |last2=Canetti |first2=Veza |editor1-last=Lauer |editor1-first=Karen |editor2-last=Wachinger |editor2-first=Kristian |translator-last=Dollenmayer |translator-first=David |title='Dearest Georg': Love, Literature, and Power in Dark Times: The Letters of Elias, Veza, and Georges Canetti, 1933–1948 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LJyFA6cJGyMC&pg=PT452 |date=2014 |publisher=Other Press |location=New York, New York |chapter=Notes |isbn=978-1-59051-366-8}}
{{cite journal |last1=Davey |first1=Judith A. |last2=Barrington |first2=Rosemary |title=Special Housing Needs in New Zealand: An Overview of the Housing Situation of Minority Groups |date=1979 |journal=Research Papers |volume=80 |issue=2 |publisher=New Zealand National Housing Commission |location=Wellington, New Zealand |id=HD7381 |issn=0110-1609}}
{{cite news |last1=Donaldson |first1=Linda |title=Conservation Put Into Practice |work=The Dominion |date=15 November 1983 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=11}} (Clipping provided by [https://www.maxrashbrooke.net/more-about-me Max Rashbrooke])
{{Cite thesis |last=Fearon |first=Hursthouse, Katrine |type=Master's thesis|publisher= Massey Research Online, Massey University| year=1932|url=https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/15847 |title=A study of some wool-disintegrating bacteria |oclc=154766789|hdl=10179/15847}}
{{cite journal |last1=Gabel |first1=Gernot U. |title=Theses on Kant Accepted by Universities in Australia and New Zealand, 1918–1987 |journal=Bulletin de la Société française de philosophie |date=January 1990 |volume=81 |issue=4 |page=516 |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/01d42901f73697e54447ec7c6db7696e/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1817983 |access-date=2 July 2022 |publisher=Société américaine de philosophie de langue française |location=DeKalb, Illinois |issn=1042-6833}}
{{cite book |last1=Gerlach |first1=Wolfgang |translator-last1=Barnett |translator-first1=Victoria J. |title=And the Witnesses Were Silent: The Confessing Church and the Persecution of the Jews |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ryYLqMy6sykC&pg=PA132 |date=2000 |publisher=University of Nebraska Press |location=Lincoln, Nebraska |isbn=978-0-8032-2165-9}}
{{cite journal |last1=Gray |first1=Alison |last2=Davey |first2=Judith A. |title=Prospects for Co-operative Housing in New Zealand |journal=Research Papers |date=1983 |volume=83 |issue=1 |publisher=New Zealand National Housing Commission |location=Wellington, New Zealand |id=HUD.002.0285 |issn=0110-1609}}
{{cite book |last1=Hanuschek |first1=Sven |title=Elias Canetti: Biographie |url=https://archive.org/details/eliascanettibiog0000hanu/page/332/mode/1up |date=2005 |publisher=Carl Hanser Verlag |location=Munich, Germany |language=German |trans-title=Elias Canetti: Biography |isbn=978-3-446-20584-0}}
{{cite book |last1=Heschel |first1=Susannah |title=The Aryan Jesus: Christian Theologians and the Bible in Nazi Germany |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fiCJeNJIhoAC&pg=PA281 |date=2008 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, New Jersey |isbn=978-0-691-12531-2}}
{{cite report |last1=Hursthouse |first1=Kae |title=Letter to Rhoda and William Richmond Hursthouse 'Bei Frau von Thadden, Pomerania' |date=19 February 1939 |quote=Herr and Frau von Thadden…went across to the church together and climbed up a steep stair case through a funny white washed door to the family gallery. I could follow all the service easily as the [illegible] preacher [spoke] very distinctly.}} (Letter provided by Max Rashbrooke)
{{cite book |last1=Lloyd |first1=Jill |title=The Undiscovered Expressionist: A Life of Marie-Louise Von Motesiczky |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jFHzcLA8QIkC&pg=PA124 |date=2007 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven, Connecticut |isbn=978-0-300-12154-4}}
{{cite web |last1=McGibbon |first1=Ian |author-link=Ian McGibbon |title=Saunders, Alfred |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1s1/saunders-alfred |website=Dictionary of New Zealand Biography |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage |access-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823012012/https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1s1/saunders-alfred |archive-date=23 August 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=1990 |url-status=live}}
{{cite news |last1=Ots |first1=Angela |title=Idealist Who Lived Dreams |work=The Evening Post |date=30 June 1994 |location=Wellington, New Zealand }} (Clipping provided by Max Rashbrooke)
{{cite web |last1=Piątek |first1=Tomek |title=Alice Krebs Lodge: The Big Story of a Little Building |url=http://houghtonvalley.org.nz/playing/Kae%20Miller/kae%20miller.pdf |website=houghtonvalley.org.nz |publisher=Victoria University of Wellington |access-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130002234/http://houghtonvalley.org.nz/playing/Kae%20Miller/kae%20miller.pdf |archive-date=30 January 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=11 June 2009 |url-status=live}}
{{cite journal |last1=Radcliffe |first1=James |title=Bishop Bell of Chichester and Non-Aryan Christians: The Role of the Berlin Quakers, the Paulusbund, the Grüberbüro and the German Jewish Emigration Office |journal=Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte |date=2008 |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=277–286 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43751827 |access-date=16 January 2023 |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht |location=Göttingen, Germany |doi=10.13109/kize.2008.21.2.277 |jstor=43751827 |issn=0932-9951 |oclc=6261239081}}
{{cite report |last1=Rattenbury |first1=Jenny |title=Te Raekaihau Park (View Road South Headland Reserve) Restoration Plan: 2011 – 2015 |url=http://www.houghtonvalley.org.nz/playing/TRiG/Te%20Raekaihau%20Park%20Restoration%20Plan.pdf |publisher=Te Raekaihau Restoration Group and Kae Miller Trust |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127044719/http://www.houghtonvalley.org.nz/playing/TRiG/Te%20Raekaihau%20Park%20Restoration%20Plan.pdf |archive-date=27 January 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=21 July 2010 |url-status=live}}
{{cite book |editor1-last=Scholefield |editor1-first=G. H. |title=A Dictionary of New Zealand Biography |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/files/documents/dnzb-1940/scholefield-dnzb-v1.pdf |volume=1: A – L |date=1940 |publisher=Department of Internal Affairs |location=Wellington, New Zealand |chapter=Hursthouse, Richmond (1845–1902) |pages=422–423 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408092315/https://nzhistory.govt.nz/files/documents/dnzb-1940/scholefield-dnzb-v1.pdf |archive-date=8 April 2022 |oclc=1231689573 |url-status=live}}
{{cite report |author=((Strategy & Policy Committee)) |title=Classification of Land under the Reserves Act 1977 |url=https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/meetings/committees/strategy-and-policy-committee/2009/08/20/files/report_5 |publisher=Wellington City Council |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703181419/https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/meetings/committees/strategy-and-policy-committee/2009/08/20/files/report_5 |archive-date=3 July 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |pages=[https://web.archive.org/web/20220703181419/https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/meetings/committees/strategy-and-policy-committee/2009/08/20/files/report_5 Report 5], [https://web.archive.org/web/20220703181637/https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/meetings/committees/strategy-and-policy-committee/2009/08/20/files/report_5_-_appendix_e.pdf Appendix E] |date=20 August 2009 |id=Report #5: 1215/52/IM |url-status=live}}
{{cite news |last1=Wilson |first1=Sarah |title=Promise of Peace |work=The Evening Post |date=9 November 1985 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=25}} (Clipping provided by Max Rashbrooke)
{{cite news |last1=Young |first1=David |title=Beauty in the Eye of the Recycler |work=The Evening Post |date=1983 |location=Wellington, New Zealand }} (Clipping provided by Max Rashbrooke)
{{cite magazine |ref={{harvid|Yachting New Zealand|2014}}|author= |title=Bill Hursthouse's 100 Year Birthday |magazine=Yachting New Zealand |date=21 July 2014 |url=https://www.yachtingnz.org.nz/news/bill-hursthouses-100-year-birthday |access-date=1 July 2022 |publisher=Yachting New Zealand Organization |location=Auckland, New Zealand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701191416/https://www.yachtingnz.org.nz/news/bill-hursthouses-100-year-birthday |archive-date=1 July 2022 |url-status=live}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Companies Office|2022}}|author= |title=Box Trust |url=https://www.bizdb.co.nz/company/9429042595588/ |website=bizdb.co.nz |publisher=New Zealand Companies Office |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301031611/https://www.bizdb.co.nz/company/9429042595588/ |archive-date=1 March 2021 |location=Auckland, New Zealand |date=2022 |url-status=live}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Press|1941}}|author= |title=Deaths: Hursthouse |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19410819.2.2.2 |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=The Press |issue=23,411 |volume=LXXVII |date=19 August 1941 |location=Christchurch, New Zealand |page=1 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|Manawatū Standard|1933}}|author= |title=Degree Examinations: Successful Students |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/MS19330131.2.46 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=Manawatū Standard |issue=54 |volume=LIII |date=31 January 1933 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=6 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Electoral Rolls|1949}}|author= |title=Electoral Rolls: Greencroft Gardens, Camden, Hampstead, Priory Ward 2: Katrine F. Hursthouse |url=https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/32118521:1795 |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=London Metropolitan Archives |access-date=17 January 2023 |location=London, UK |date=1949 |id=#3125}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Electoral Rolls|1954}}|author= |title=Electoral Rolls: Karori, Wellington West: Katrine Fearon Miller |url=https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/14965420:1836 |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=New Zealand Parliamentary Library |access-date=17 January 2023 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=1954 |page=194 |id=#9649}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Birth record|1948}}|author= |title=England and Wales Birth Registration: Rhoda F. Hursthouse |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVQR-PS9Z |website=FamilySearch |publisher=General Register Office |access-date=2 July 2022 |location=Southport, England |date=1948 |id=Hammersmith, London, England, Births volume 5C, page 1324}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Probate record|1949}}|author= |title=England and Wales, Probate: National Index of Wills and Administrations: Rhoda Hursthouse |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:W7ZT-ZQPZ?from=lynx1UIV8&treeref=GWCD-YWP |website=FamilySearch |publisher=Her Majesty's Stationery Office |access-date=2 July 2022 |location=London, England |date=5 November 1949 |quote=Death Date: 9 October 1948}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1945}}|author= |title=Holiday Home for Children |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19451203.2.110.9 |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=133 |volume=CXL |date=3 December 1945 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=10 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|District Health Board|2016}}|author= |title=Hursthouse, W R |url=https://www.ccdhb.org.nz/about-us/history/wellington-hospital-smo-archive/specialty-services/dental-services/senior-dental-appointments/hursthouse-w-r/ |website=ccdhb.org.nz |publisher=Capital and Coast District Health Board |access-date=1 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202095418/https://www.ccdhb.org.nz/about-us/history/wellington-hospital-smo-archive/specialty-services/dental-services/senior-dental-appointments/hursthouse-w-r/ |archive-date=2 February 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date=3 November 2016 |url-status=live}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|Lyttelton Times|1880}}|author= |title=Inquest at Ashburton |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/LT18800204.2.41 |access-date=28 September 2022 |work=Lyttelton Times |issue=5910 |volume=LIII |date=4 February 1880 |location=Christchurch, New Zealand |page=6 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Press|1942}}|author= |title=International Student Week |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19420725.2.40.1 |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=The Press |issue=23,699 |volume=LXXVIII |date=25 July 1942 |location=Christchurch, New Zealand |page=4 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Glucksman Library|2014}}|author= |title=Katrine 'Nitter' Baird |url=https://longwaytotipperary.ul.ie/kbaird/ |website=Glucksman Library |publisher=University of Limerick |access-date=29 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128001853/https://longwaytotipperary.ul.ie/kbaird/ |archive-date=28 November 2021 |location=Limerick, Ireland |date=2014 |url-status=live}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Alien Passenger Lists|1936}}|author= |title=List or Manifest of Alien Passengers for the United States Arriving at San Francisco, California: S. S. "Maunganui" via Wellington, New Zealand |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-G5GQ-WM1?i=557&cc=1916078&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AKXHQ-6Z1 |website=FamilySearch |publisher=National Archives and Records Administration |access-date=1 July 2022 |location=Washington, D.C. |date=4 August 1936 |id=NARA microfilm #M1410, Roll 329: lines 1–2}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Press|1967}}|author= |title=Magistrate Halts Charges |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19670512.2.32 |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=The Press |issue=31,367 |volume=CVI |date=12 May 1967 |location=Christchurch, New Zealand |page=3 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1906a}}|author= |title=Marriages: Hursthouse – Buchanan |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19060917.2.2 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=67 |volume=LXXII |date=17 September 1906 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=1 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1936}}|author= |title=Miller — Hursthouse |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19360102.2.162.2 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=1 |volume=CXXI |date=2 January 1936 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=15 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|New Zealand Passenger Lists|1947}}|author= |title=New Zealand Passenger Lists: Outbound to London S. S. "Ruahinei" via Wellington, New Zealand |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-61C9-999?i=12&cc=1609792&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AKGM8-9M5 |website=FamilySearch |publisher=Archives New Zealand |access-date=2 July 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |date= 19 December 1947 |id=record SS-1-813, line 6}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Press|1948}}|author= |title=Next Week's Radio: 'That Child' |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19480403.2.29 |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=The Press |issue=25,459 |volume=LXXXIV |date=3 April 1948 |location=Christchurch, New Zealand |page=3 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Hawke's Bay Tribune|1936}}|author= |title=Personal |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/HBTRIB19360508.2.133.9 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Hawke's Bay Tribune |issue=123 |volume=XXVI |date=8 May 1936 |location=Hastings, New Zealand |page=14 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Dominion|1920}}|author= |title=Personal Items: Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Hursthouse |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/DOM19200803.2.13 |access-date=28 September 2022 |work=The Dominion |issue=265 |volume=13 |date=3 August 1920 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=4 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|Ashburton Guardian|1918}}|author= |title=Personal: Lieutenant Leslie Buchanan |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AG19180928.2.17 |access-date=28 September 2022 |work=Ashburton Guardian |volume=XXXIX |issue=9411 |date=28 September 1918 |location=Ashburton, New Zealand |page=5 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1938a}}|author= |title=Personal Notes |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19380728.2.167.2 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=24 |volume=CXXVI |date=28 July 1938 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=18 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1938b}}|author= |title=Personal Notes |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19381108.2.175 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=112 |volume=CXXVI |date=8 November 1938 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=16 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1937}}|author= |title=Pleasant Australia: Wellington Girls' Visit |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19371229.2.153.6 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=155 |volume=CXXIV |date=29 December 1937 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=14 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The New Zealand Times|1919}}|author= |title=Public Money |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZTIM19190927.2.63 |access-date=28 September 2022 |work=The New Zealand Times |issue=10395 |volume=XLIV |date=27 September 1919 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=8 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|Salient|1974}}|author= |title=Raping the Ngaio Hills |url=https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/etexts/Salient37261974/Salient37261974_014.gif |access-date=1 October 2022 |work=Salient |issue=26 |volume=37 |date=2 October 1974 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021023922/https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/etexts/Salient37261974/Salient37261974_014.gif |archive-date=21 October 2016 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=14 |url-status=live}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Church Register|2014}}|author= |title=Register of New Zealand Presbyterian Ministers, Deaconesses & Missionaries 1840 to 2015 |url=https://www.presbyterian.org.nz/archives/page143.htm |website=Presbyterian Archives Research Centre |publisher=Knox College |access-date=29 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407053231/https://www.presbyterian.org.nz/archives/page143.htm |archive-date=7 April 2022 |location=Dunedin, New Zealand |page=[https://web.archive.org/web/20220307164531/https://presbyterian.org.nz/archives/Page183.htm Mathew to Miller-Keeley] |date=2014 |url-status=live}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Kete Horowhenua|2020}}|author= |title=Robert Henry Weldon Oliver |url=https://horowhenua.kete.net.nz/item/f3def0cc-2805-4099-b714-d31ef42bb60b |website=Kete Horowhenua |publisher=Horowhenua Library Trust |access-date=1 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701183200/https://horowhenua.kete.net.nz/item/f3def0cc-2805-4099-b714-d31ef42bb60b |archive-date=1 July 2022 |location=Horowhenua, New Zealand |page=[https://archive.today/20220701184435/https://horowhenua.kete.net.nz/item/9280d0bc-cfc5-4ed3-a923-fa455d21fd5f/pdf further information] |date=2020 |url-status=live}}
{{cite report |ref={{harvid|South Coast Management Plan|2002}}|author= |title=South Coast Management Plan |url=https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/plans-policies-and-bylaws/plans-and-policies/a-to-z/southcoastmgmt/files/southcoast01.pdf?la=en&hash=376AB375AF41https%3A%2F%2Fwellington.govt.nz%2F-%2Fmedia%2Fyour-council%2Fmeetings%2Fcommittees%2Fstrategy-and-policy-committee%2F2010%2F06%2F10%2Ffiles%2F2010_june_10_report_3 |publisher=Wellington City Council |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703181925/https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/plans-policies-and-bylaws/plans-and-policies/a-to-z/southcoastmgmt/files/southcoast01.pdf?la=en&hash=376AB375AF41https%3A%2F%2Fwellington.govt.nz%2F-%2Fmedia%2Fyour-council%2Fmeetings%2Fcommittees%2Fstrategy-and-policy-committee%2F2010%2F06%2F10%2Ffiles%2F2010_june_10_report_3 |archive-date=3 July 2022 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |pages=[https://web.archive.org/web/20220703181925/https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/plans-policies-and-bylaws/plans-and-policies/a-to-z/southcoastmgmt/files/southcoast01.pdf?la=en&hash=376AB375AF41https%3A%2F%2Fwellington.govt.nz%2F-%2Fmedia%2Fyour-council%2Fmeetings%2Fcommittees%2Fstrategy-and-policy-committee%2F2010%2F06%2F10%2Ffiles%2F2010_june_10_report_3 Introduction], [https://web.archive.org/web/20220703182228/https://wellington.govt.nz/-/media/your-council/meetings/committees/strategy-and-policy-committee/2010/06/10/files/2010_june_10_report_3_reserves_classification_appendix_1.pdf Appendix 1] |date=2002 |url-status=live}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The New Zealand Herald|1928}}|author= |title=The Deadly Crossing |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19281117.2.34 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The New Zealand Herald |issue=20,106 |volume=LXV |date=17 November 1928 |location=Auckland, New Zealand |page=10 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Auckland Sun|1928}}|author= |title=The Log Book |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/SUNAK19280926.2.20.2 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=Auckland Sun |issue=469 |volume=II |date=26 September 1928 |location=Auckland, New Zealand |page=2 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Wanganui Chronicle|1939}}|author= |title=Treatment of Jews: Barred from Theaters |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WC19390317.2.4.12 |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=The Wanganui Chronicle |issue=64 |volume=83 |date=17 March 1939 |location=Whanganui, New Zealand |page=2 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite web |ref={{harvid|UK Passenger Lists|1948}}|author= |title=UK Passenger Lists: Inbound to London S. S. "Ruahinei" via Wellington, New Zealand |url=https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/30933079:1518 |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=17 January 2023 |location=London, UK |date=1948 |id=record 184417, line 76}}{{subscription required}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1932}}|author= |title=University Exams |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19320219.2.121 |access-date=29 September 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=42 |volume=CXIII |date=19 February 1932 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=12 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Evening Post|1906b}}|author= |title=(untitled) |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/EP19060929.2.53 |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Evening Post |issue=78 |volume=LXXII |date=29 September 1906 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=5 |quote=Messrs. W. R. and J. F. Hursthouse have just returned from studying dentistry in England and America… |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Dominion|1919}}|author= |title=Woman's World: Mrs. Hursthouse |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/DOM19190102.2.4 |access-date=28 September 2022 |work=The Dominion |issue=83 |volume=12 |date=2 January 1919 |location=Wellington, New Zealand |page=2 |via=Papers Past}}
{{cite news |ref={{harvid|The Middlesex County Times|1935}}|author= |title=Work of the Ealing Junior Branch |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/104706208/middlesex-county-times/ |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=The Middlesex County Times |date=1 June 1935 |location=Ealing, London |page=10 |via=Newspapers.com}}

Category:1910 births

Category:1994 deaths

Category:People from Wellington City

Category:People educated at Abbot's Hill School

Category:Victoria University of Wellington alumni

Category:Massey University alumni

Category:Mental health activists

Category:New Zealand women environmentalists

Category:New Zealand conservationists

Category:New Zealand pacifists

Category:New Zealand health activists

Category:Conservationists

Category:Atkinson–Hursthouse–Richmond family

Category:Saunders family