Kakamas
{{Short description|Town in Northern Cape, South Africa}}
{{use Kenyan English|date=May 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kakamas
| image_skyline = Kakamas-Water wheel-001.jpg
| image_caption = A water wheel in Kakamas
| pushpin_map = South Africa Northern Cape#South Africa#Africa
| coordinates = {{coord|28|48|S|20|39|E|region:ZA|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = South Africa
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = Northern Cape
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = ZF Mgcawu
| subdivision_type3 = Municipality
| subdivision_name3 = Kai !Garib
| subdivision_type4 = Main Place
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 1898
| area_footnotes = {{cite web |url=http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/378020 |title = Main Place Kakamas |work=Census 2011}}
| area_total_km2 = 4.55
| elevation_m = 670
| population_total = 9538
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Racial makeup (2011)
| demographics1_title1 = Black African
| demographics1_info1 = 7.0%
| demographics1_title2 = Coloured
| demographics1_info2 = 81.6%
| demographics1_title3 = Indian/Asian
| demographics1_info3 = 0.9%
| demographics1_title4 = White
| demographics1_info4 = 9.6%
| demographics1_title5 = Other
| demographics1_info5 = 1.0%
| demographics_type2 = First languages (2011)
| demographics2_title1 = Afrikaans
| demographics2_info1 = 93.5%
| demographics2_title2 = Tswana
| demographics2_info2 = 2.3%
| demographics2_title3 = English
| demographics2_info3 = 1.6%
| demographics2_title4 =
| demographics2_info4 =
| demographics2_title5 = Other
| demographics2_info5 = 2.7%
| timezone1 = SAST
| utc_offset1 = +2
| postal_code_type = Postal code (street)
| postal_code = 8870
| postal2_code_type = PO box
| postal2_code = 8870
| area_code_type = Area code
| area_code = 054
}}
Kakamas{{Cite web |url=http://www.greenkalahari.co.za/kaka_background.htm |title=Green Kalahari – Kakamas, name origins |access-date=27 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520010317/http://www.greenkalahari.co.za/kaka_background.htm |archive-date=20 May 2008 |url-status=dead }} is a town founded in 1898 and located in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, on the banks of the Orange River.
Originated as at a place where the Orange River could be relatively easily crossed. The spot was first known as Bassonsdrif. In 1898 a proper settlement was established and under the auspices of the Dutch Reformed Church the area was developed as an agricultural spot. It became a municipality in 1954.[http://www.routes.co.za/nc/kakamas/ Kakamas – municipality] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211075133/http://www.routes.co.za/nc/kakamas/ |date=11 February 2012 }}
History
The small town of Kakamas was built on the sheer hard work and determination of a couple of impoverished stock farmers at the end of the 19th century. The drought of 1895–97 was followed by an outbreak of rinderpest, leaving many farmers destitute.
In 1897, the Dutch Reformed Church started a "colony" on the farms Soetap and Kakamas on the banks of the Orange River for white people who had lost everything as a result of the drought{{#tag:ref |{{cite web|last=Raper|first=R.E.|title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names|url=https://archive.org/stream/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames/SaPlaceNames#page/n235/mode/2up|publisher=Human Science Research Council|access-date=4 December 2013|page=235|year=1987}} |name=dosapn}}.
Ignoring the criticism of qualified engineers about their building methods, the farmers continued to construct the water canals by hand that are still used today to supply the town and surrounding area with water for irrigation. For their efforts, they were each awarded the right to one of the irrigation plots. The men worked extremely hard even taking the yoke themselves, rather than wasting precious time in launching a time-consuming search for oxen and donkeys grazing somewhere in the veld.
The exceptional dry piling of the stone along rocky slopes can still be seen today. By dry piling instead of excavating through rock, the farmers were able to cut the overall costs of the canals considerably.
The ingenuity of the workers under the leadership of Japie Lutz is aptly demonstrated in the workmanship at the water tunnels in the northern canal.
Mr Piet Burger perfected the water wheel that was widely used in Kakamas. This pumping device almost led to a court case about patent rights, when a blacksmith who used to live in Kakamas registered the patent in 1922.
The Commission that ran the "colony" planned ahead and in 1912 building operations on a hydro-electric power station and turbine in the northern canal were started. Ultimately the power station, built to look like an Egyptian temple, generated enough electricity that Kakamas liaised with Upington about the possibility of supplying Upington with electricity as well.
Economy
The economy of this town is based on farming, and thanks to irrigation from the Orange River farmers from the Kakamas area are now prime exporters of table grapes to Europe and England. The region also exports peaches, dried fruit, raisins, oranges and dates.
Name origins
The name Kakamas was originally given to a drift that was known as Takemas or T’Kakamas since 1779. The name means "place of the raging cow" – probably referring to an incident when a raging cow stormed the Korana while they were herding their cattle through this ford.
To some the town's name originates from the Khoi word "gagamas" (brown), referring to the red clay of the area with which women daub their faces. To most, though, Kakamas is a Korana word meaning "poor pasture".
Today, the name reflects poorly on a fertile valley in the Lower Orange River, graced with vineyards, cotton and lucern fields.
Schools
Kakamas has numerous schools. Among them is Martin Oosthuizen High School which held their centennial celebrations in 2020. (www.hmoskool.co.za). Other schools include:
Laerskool Sentraal
Laerskool Oranje-Suid
Laerskool Kakamas
Laerskool Lutzburg
Hoërskool Kakamas
Notes
{{reflist}}
External links
{{commons category}}
- [http://www.greenkalahari.co.za Green Kalahari] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025042818/http://www.greenkalahari.co.za/ |date=25 October 2020 }}
- [http://www.kakamas.co.za Kakamas site]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120211075133/http://www.routes.co.za/nc/kakamas/ Routes]
{{Geographic Location
|Centre = Kakamas
|North =
|Northeast = Upington
|East = Keimoes
|Southeast = Kenhardt
|South = Brandvlei
|Southwest = Loeriesfontein
|West = Pofadder
|Northwest = Augrabies
}}
{{ZF Mgcawu District Municipality}}
Category:Populated places established in 1954
Category:Populated places in the Kai !Garib Local Municipality