Karol Wojtyła (senior)
{{Short description|Polish Army officer, father of Pope John Paul II}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = Servant of God
| name = Karol Wojtyła
| birth_date = {{birth date|1879|7|18|df=y}}
| birth_place = Lipnik, Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary
| death_date = {{death date and age|1941|2|18|1879|7|18|df=y}}
| death_place = Kraków, General Government
| image = Karol Wojtyla-senior.jpg
| image_upright = 0.9
| caption =
| nickname = Karol
| allegiance = {{flag|Austria-Hungary}}
{{flag|Second Polish Republic}}
| branch = Austro-Hungarian Army
Polish Army
| serviceyears =
| rank = Porucznik
| commands =
| unit = 56th Infantry Regiment
12th Infantry Regiment
| battles = World War I
| awards = Military Merit Cross
| parents = Maciej Wojtyła, Anna Przeczek
| spouse = Emilia Wojtyła
| children = 3 including Pope John Paul II, Dr {{ill|Edmund Wojtyła|pl}}
}}
Karol Wojtyła (18 July 1879 – 18 February 1941) was a Polish military officer who was a non-commissioned officer of the Austro-Hungarian Army and a lieutenant of the Polish Armed Forces' administration. He was the father and namesake of Karol Józef Wojtyła, who became Pope John Paul II in 1978, and the father of Polish doctor Edmund Wojtyła. He died from what is believed to be a heart attack in 1941 while his son was away, an event considered to have influenced his son's decision to join the seminary.
Biography
Karol Wojtyła was born on 18 July 1879, in Lipnik,{{Cite web|title=Karol Wojtyła|url=https://wbh.wp.mil.pl/pl/skanydetale_wyszukiwarka_bazy_personalne/157778/}} the son of Polish tailor Maciej Wojtyła (1 February 1852 in Czaniec – 23 September 1923 in Wadowice{{Cite web|title=Historia
File:Emilia and Karol Wojtyla wedding portrait.jpg
He married Emilia Kaczorowska on 10 February 1906. The wedding took place in Kraków, in Saints Peter and Paul Church, Kraków. They had three children: Edmund Wojtyła (1906–1932), Olga Maria (died soon after birth on 7 July 1916),{{Cite web|title=The genealogical tree of Olga Wojtyła|url=http://lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl/5.html|access-date=27 July 2020|website=lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl}}{{cite web|title=Dziennikarz KAI odkrył fakty dotyczące siostry Jana Pawła II|url=http://ekai.pl/janpawel/x61144/dziennikarz-kai-odkryl-fakty-dotyczace-siostry-jana-pawla-ii/|agency=ekai.pl|date=30 November 2012|access-date=2 March 2014}} Karol Józef (1920–2005).
He was a tailor by trade.{{cite book|title=Alfabet Jana Pawła II|publisher=Wydawnictwo Kluszczyński|location=Kraków|date=2005|pages=167|isbn=83-7447-023-2}} In 1900, he was called up for the Austro-Hungarian Army. He spent a total of 27 years in the army. He was a non-commissioned officer. During World War I, he was transferred to Hranice in Moravia, and he fought in the Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive in May 1915. In August 1915, he was appointed as an officer of the military registrar. On 1 September 1915, he was a noncommissioned officer of the 56th Infantry Regiment. He worked in the Wadowice County Supplementary Command until 1918.{{Cite news|date=26 August 1915|title=Semtember-Borrüdung im Heere|url=http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=ptb&datum=19150826&seite=16|newspaper=Prager Tagblatt|language=de|volume=236|pages=2}}{{Cite book|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/RanglistenHeeres_1916/?pg=1179|title=Ranglisten des Kaiserlich und Königlichen Heeres 1916|date=1916|location=Wiedeń|pages=1168}}{{Cite book|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/RanglistenHeeres_1917/?pg=1533|title=Ranglisten des Kaiserlich und Königlichen Heeres 1917|date=1917|location=Wiedeń|pages=1522}}{{Cite book|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/RanglistenHeeres_1918/?pg=1892|title=Ranglisten des Kaiserlich und Königlichen Heeres 1918|date=1918|location=Wiedeń|pages=1885}} Before 1917, he was awarded the Military Cross of Merit with a crown.
After Poland regained its independence, he was admitted to the Polish Army and was an officer of the 12th Infantry Regiment from Wadowice. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the corps of professional administrative officers of the office department.{{Sfn|Rocznik Oficerski|1924}} In 1924, he served in the Wadowice County Supplementary Command.{{Sfn|Rocznik Oficerski|1924}} He had retired by 1928.{{Sfn|Rocznik Oficerski|1928}} In 1934, as a retired lieutenant, he remained in the records of the Poviat Supplementary Command Wadowice.{{Sfn|Rocznik Oficerski Rezerw|1934}}
File:Grób rodziców Jana Pawła II na cmentarzu Rakowickim w Krakowie.jpg
In 1929, as a result of myocarditis and kidney failure, his wife died, and three years later, his eldest son, Edmund, died of scarlet fever. In 1938, he moved from Wadowice, together with his adolescent son Karol, to Kraków. He died there on 18 February 1941.{{Cite news|date=21 February 1941|title=Kronika żałobna|url=https://jbc.bj.uj.edu.pl/publication/152170|newspaper=Goniec Krakowski|volume=43|pages=4}}{{Cite web|title=Zarząd Cmentarzy Komunalnych w Krakowie. Internetowy lokalizator grobów. Karol Wojtyła|url=http://www.rakowice.eu}} He was buried in the military cemetery on Prandoty Street in Kraków.
Commemoration
The role of Karol Wojtyła Senior was played by Olgierd Łukaszewicz{{Cite web|title=Karol – człowiek, który został papieżem (2005) TV|date=24 June 2023 |url=https://www.filmweb.pl/Karol.Czlowiek.Ktory.Zostal.Papiezem}} in the film Karol: A Man Who Became Pope and Robert Mazurkiewicz in the Pope John Paul II miniseries.{{Cite web|title=Pope John Paul II|url=http://www.filmpolski.pl/fp/index.php?film=1215847}} Alfred Burke played him in the film Pope John Paul II.{{Cite web|title=Pope John Paul II (1984)|website = IMDb|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0087931/?ref_=nm_flmg_act_13}}
In 2018, one of the streets in Lublin was named for him and for his wife.{{Cite news|title=Ulica w Lublinie nazwana imieniem Emilii i Karola Wojtyłów|newspaper=Dzieje.pl|url=https://www.dzieje.pl/aktualnosci/ulica-w-lublinie-nazwana-imieniem-emilii-i-karola-wojtylow|archive-date=21 November 2018|access-date=4 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121120659/https://www.dzieje.pl/aktualnosci/ulica-w-lublinie-nazwana-imieniem-emilii-i-karola-wojtylow|url-status=dead}} The Wojtyłas are also patrons of a street in Wadowice.{{Cite web|title=Ulica Wojtyłów, Wadowice|url=https://mapy.eholiday.pl/ulica-wojtylow-wadowice,206442.html|access-date=4 June 2020|archive-date=24 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124003733/https://mapy.eholiday.pl/ulica-wojtylow-wadowice,206442.html|url-status=dead}}
On 11 March 2020, Marek Jędraszewski, Archbishop of Kraków, announced the beginning of the process of beatification of Karol and Emilia Wojtyła;{{Cite web|title=Abp Marek Jędraszewski ogłosił decyzję o otwarciu procesów kanonizacyjnych Emilii I Karola Wojtyłów|url=https://diecezja.pl/aktualnosci/abp-marek-jedraszewski-oglosil-decyzje-o-otwarciu-procesow-kanonizacyjnych-emilii-i-karola-wojtylow/}} The process of beatification of John Paul II's parents began officially on 7 May 2020 in Wadowice.{{Cite web|title=Rozpoczął się proces beatyfikacyjny Emilii i Karola Wojtyłów|date=7 May 2020|url=https://ekai.pl/rozpoczal-sie-proces-beatyfikacyjny-emilii-i-karola-wojtylow/}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{Cite book|url=http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/42263|title=Rocznik Oficerski 1924|date=1924|publisher=Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych|location=Warszawa |ref={{sfnref|Rocznik Oficerski|1924}} }}
- {{Cite book|url=http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/42533|title=Rocznik Oficerski 1928|date=1928|publisher=Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych|location=Warszawa |ref={{sfnref|Rocznik Oficerski|1928}} }}
- {{Cite book|url=http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/publication/39606|title=Rocznik Oficerski Rezerw 1934|date=1934|publisher=Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych|location=Warszawa |ref={{sfnref|Rocznik Oficerski Rezerw|1934}} }}
- [http://www.genpol.com/Poradnik-GenPol-art119.html Genealogia Polska – przodkowie Karola Wojtyły] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711084345/http://www.genpol.com/Poradnik-GenPol-art119.html |date=11 July 2011 }}
- [http://lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl/karol-wojtyla-dokumenty-wojskowe.html "Dokumenty wojskowe Karola Wojtyły"]
- [http://lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl/2.html "Dane metrykalne Karola Wojtyły"]
- [http://lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl/3.html "Dane metrykalne Emilia Kaczorowska"]
- [http://lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl/5.html "Dane metrykalne Olga Wojtyła"]
- [http://lipnik-jan-jp2.prv.pl/4.html "Dane metrykalne Edmund Wojtyła"]
External links
{{Commons category|Karol Wojtyła (senior)}}
- {{OSM|punkt|1941602703|Location of the tomb of the Wojtyls}}
{{John Paul II}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wojtyla, Karol}}
Category:Polish people of the Polish–Soviet War
Category:Polish people of World War I