Kathryn A. Bard

Born in the United States, Bard earned her B.A. from Connecticut College in 1968. She obtained her M.F.A. from Yale University in 1971, followed by M.A. degrees from the University of Michigan in 1974 and the University of Toronto in 1976. In 1987, she completed her Ph.D. in Egyptian Archaeology at the University of Toronto.{{cite web |title=Kathyrn A Bard Faculty CV |url=https://www.bu.edu/classics/files/2018/09/Bard-CV-2-17.pdf|access-date=14 May 2024}}{{cite web |title=Shout Out: Kathryn Bard, archaeologist and Park Ridge native |website=Chicago Tribune |date=9 September 2016 |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2016/09/09/shout-out-kathryn-bard-archaeologist-and-park-ridge-native/|access-date=14 June 2018}}

During her PhD she had her first excavation at an ancient Egyptian temple site at Karnak. They found evidence of four temples by Akhenaten, a heretical king who was the father of Tutankhamun and husband of Nefertiti. These temple foundations were demolished after Akhenaten passed away.{{cite web |title=Harbor of pharaohs |url=https://www.conncoll.edu/news/cc-magazine/past-issues/2023-issues-/summer-2023/harbor-of-pharaohs/|access-date=29 May 2024}}

After her PhD, Bard joined Boston University as an assistant professor in the Department of Archaeology in 1988. She participated in excavations, directing projects at sites HG & SH in the Hu-Semaineh Region, Egypt, in 1989 and 1991, and at Ona Enda Aboi Zewgé and Ona Nagast on Bieta Giyorgis hill, Aksum, from 1993 to 2002, co-directed with Rodolfo Fattovich of the University of Naples "L'Orientale".{{cite web |title=Artifact Trove at Egyptian Tomb Illuminates Life Before Pharaohs |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/140530-egypt-archaeology-pharaohs-hierakonpolis-tomb |website=National Geographic Adventure |access-date=14 May 2024 |language=en |date=1 June 2014}} During the excavations at Aksum, Ethiopia, she and her team discovered the remains of high-status tombs and two elite residences. Among the artifacts at the Ona Enda Aboi Zewgé cemetery was a Roman wine jar from a vineyard in southern Gaul. Later, from 2001 to 2011, she and Fattovich directed excavations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt, uncovering eight man-made caves at the ancient harbor site. These caves preserved ancient ship parts, papyrus ropes, equipment, and food remains. The excavations at the 4,000-year-old harbor revealed materials linked to maritime activities as well as hieroglyphic texts about these expeditions, confirming sea trading to Punt, located somewhere in the southern Red Sea region.{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2013/09/30/robotic-snakes-sliver-their-way-into-ancient-archaeology/?sh=1649f35e79ea|title=Robotic Snakes Slither Their Way Into Ancient Archaeology}}{{cite web |last1=Hoare |first1=Callum |title=How Egypt's mythical kingdom was uncovered in 'remarkable discovery' |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1293381/egypt-breakthrough-land-punt-discovered-red-sea-africa-pharaoh-valley-kings-tomb-spt |website=Daily Express |access-date=14 May 2024 |language=en |date=9 June 2020}}

In a 2005 expedition to Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt, Bard found remains of Egyptian seagoing vessels and hieroglyphic texts on stelae about royal expeditions to Punt, including cedar planks from Queen Hatshepsut's expedition in the 15th century BCE, demonstrating that Mersa/Wadi Gawasis was the port in Egypt from which trade to Punt some 1200 km south on the Red Sea was carried out.{{cite web |date=2021-01-27 |title=Archaeological Investigations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt |publisher=Boston University |website= BU Arts & Scences Archaeology |url=https://www.bu.edu/archaeology/archaeological-investigations-at-mersa-wadi-gawasis-egypt/}}{{cite news |last=Stoddard |first=Tim |date=18 March 2005 |title=Archaeologists discover ancient ships in Egypt |newspaper=B.U. Bridge |volume=7 |issue=23 |publisher=Boston University |url=https://www.bu.edu/bridge/archive/2005/03-18/archaeologist.html |access-date=21 November 2024}}

Bard has contributed to research articles and books, drawing on details from her archaeological excavations. In 1999, she edited the Encyclopedia on the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt.{{cite web|url=https://aus.on.worldcat.org/search?queryString=%28no%3A38738991%29&databaseList=2375%2C3384%2C3284%2C3261%2C2328%2C199%2C3218%2C1875%2C2007%2C233%2C3039%2C1697%2C2268%2C3258%2C2267%2C1672%2C2585%2C638%2C3879%2C2264%2C2263%2C3374%2C2483%2C2262%2C3197%2C2261%2C2260%2C283%2C2281%2C3229%2C2513%2C1842%2C2259%2C2237%2C203%2C1982%2C3201%2C2277%2C3784%2C1708%2C3867&origPageViewName=pages%2Fadvanced-search-page&clusterResults=&groupVariantRecords=&expandSearch=true&translateSearch=false&queryTranslationLanguage=&lang=en&scope=|title=Encyclopedia of the archaeology of ancient Egypt}} In 2000, she authored a chapter in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, where she discussed the Naqada III phase (3200–3000 BC), focusing on Egypt's unification, evidence for the pre-1st Dynasty kings of Dynasty 0, and Early Dynastic rulers.{{cite web|url=https://squ.on.worldcat.org/search?queryString=no%3A743803162|title=The Oxford history of ancient Egypt}} In 2007 she and Fattovich co-edited Harbor of the Pharaohs to the Land of Punt. Archaeological Investigations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, 2001-2005, which synthesized their finds at this site.{{cite web|url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/251490535|title=Harbor of the pharaohs to the land of Punt : archaeological investigations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis}} Their 2018 book, Seafaring Expeditions to Punt in the Middle Kingdom. Excavations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt, summarized the results of these excavations for the organization of these expeditions, and evidence at the harbor for the location of Punt, providing insights into the harbor's artifacts, use and maritime activities during the Middle Kingdom.{{cite web|url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/1044774567|title=Seafaring expeditions to Punt in the Middle Kingdom : excavations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt}}

Bard's 2008 book, An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt, focused on aspects of ancient Egypt, from its prehistoric origins through the Pharaonic dynasties to the Greco-Roman period. The book also explored the culture, monuments, and civilization of ancient Egypt.{{cite web|url=https://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/discovery/search?vid=44OXF_INST:SOLO&mode=advanced&tab=local&offset=0&query=isbn,contains,9788843066896&pfilter=rtype,exact,books,AND&sortby=rank&lang=en|title=Archeologia dell'antico Egitto}} In 2017, she authored an article in the Journal of Archaeological Research. This article explored the contrasting polities in Egypt and Nubia in the fourth millennium BC from the perspective of the political economy and strategies to power proposed by the dual-processual theory, and the territorial expansionist model, which helps explain where and when the early state emerged. In 2021, the two-volume Harbor of the Pharaohs to the Land of Punt II. Archaeological Investigations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt, 2006-2011 was published.{{cite web|url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/1334892756|title=Harbor of the Pharaohs to the Land of Punt II: Archaeological Investigations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt, 2006-2011}} Furthermore, in 2022, she authored a chapter titled "Middle Kingdom Egypt and Africa", which was published in The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East, Volume II.{{cite web|url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/1257401217|title=The Oxford history of the ancient Near East. Volume II, From the end of the third millennium BC to the fall of Babylon}}

• 1998 – Chairman's Award for Exploration, National Geographic Society
• 2010 – Fellow, American Academy of Arts & Sciences{{cite web|url=https://www.bu.edu/articles/2010/bard-elected-to-american-academy-of-arts-and-sciences/|title=Bard Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences}}
• 2011 – The Boston University Lecture (honoring members of the faculty engaged in outstanding research), Boston University
• 2022 – MLE Award for Egyptology from the Egyptian Lyceum Museum of Leon in Spain{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Melissa Babcock |title=Harbor of Pharaohs |url=https://www.conncoll.edu/news/cc-magazine/past-issues/2023-issues-/summer-2023/harbor-of-pharaohs/?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=Connecticut College |language=en}}

1. {{cite book |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |title=From farmers to pharaohs: mortuary evidence for the rise of complex society in Egypt |date=1994 |publisher=Sheffield Acad. Press |location=Sheffield |isbn=1-85075-387-3 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/kathryn-a-bard-from-farmers-of-pharaohs-mortuary-evidence-for-the-rise-of-complex-society-in-egypt-monographs-in-mediterranean-archaeology-2-viii-144-pages-19-figures-1994-sheffield-sheffield-academic-press-isbn-1850753873-hardback-25-3750/27F4C76AF51963AB3A07940FDD13AB4B}}
2. {{cite book |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |title=An introduction to the archaeology of Ancient Egypt |date=2015 |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |location=Hoboken, NJ |isbn=978-0-470-67336-2 |edition=Second |url=https://www.wiley.com/en-be/An+Introduction+to+the+Archaeology+of+Ancient+Egypt%2C+2nd+Edition-p-9780470673362}}
3. {{cite book |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |last2=Fattovich |first2=Rodolfo |title=Seafaring expeditions to Punt in the Middle Kingdom: excavations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt |date=2018 |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden ; Boston |doi=10.1111/1095-9270.12380 |isbn=978-90-04-37960-2 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1111/1095-9270.12380}}

1. {{cite journal |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |title=The Geography of Excavated Predynastic Sites and the Rise of Complex Society |journal=Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt |date=1987 |volume=24 |pages=81–93 |doi=10.2307/40000263 |jstor=40000263 |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/40000263|url-access=subscription }}
2. {{cite journal |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |last2=Fattovich |first2=Rodolfo |last3=Manzo |first3=Andrea |last4=Perlingieri |first4=Cinzia |title=Archaeological Investigations at Bieta Giyorgis (Aksum), Ethiopia: 1993–1995 Field Seasons |journal=Journal of Field Archaeology |date=1997 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=387–403 |doi=10.2307/530673 |jstor=530673 |url=https://doi.org/10.2307/530673|url-access=subscription }}
3. {{cite journal |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |last2=Fattovich |first2=Rodolfo |title=The Middle Kingdom Red Sea Harbor at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis |journal=Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt |date=2011 |volume=47 |pages=105–129 |jstor=24555387 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/24555387 |issn=0065-9991}}
4. {{cite journal |last1=Bard |first1=Kathryn A. |last2=Fattovich |first2=Rodolfo |title=Mersa/Wadi Gawasis and Ancient Egyptian Maritime Trade in the Red Sea |journal=Near Eastern Archaeology |date=March 2015 |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=4–11 |doi=10.5615/neareastarch.78.1.0004 |url=https://doi.org/10.5615/neareastarch.78.1.0004|url-access=subscription }}

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• {{Official website|https://www.bu.edu/archaeology/profile/bard/}}

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Category:Living people

Category:American archaeologists

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Category:Boston University faculty

Category:1946 births