Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline

{{Infobox pipeline

| name = Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline

| type = oil

| map = Kirkuk–Ceyhan oil pipeline.svg

| map_caption = Location of Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline

| country = Iraq, Turkey

| coordinates =

| photo =

| caption =

| operator =

| partners =

| length_mi = 600

| discharge = {{convert|1.6|Moilbbl/d}}

| direction = east-west

| start = Kirkuk, Iraq

| finish = Ceyhan, Turkey

| est = 1970

| through =

| par =

}}

The Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline, also known as the Iraq–Turkey Crude Oil Pipeline, is a {{convert|600|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} pipeline that runs from Kirkuk in Iraq to Ceyhan in Turkey. It is Iraq's largest crude oil export line.

Technical description

The pipeline consists of two pipes with diameters of {{convert|46|in|mm|-1}} and {{convert|40|in|mm|-1}} and designed capacity of {{bbl to t|1100|and|500|mlt=k|per=d|t_per=a}} respectively. Usable capacity of the line is believed to be only {{bbl to t|300|mlt=k|per=d|t_per=a}}, with significant repairs still required.

{{cite news

| newspaper = Upstream Online

| publisher = NHST Media Group

| url= http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article133371.ece

| title = Gulf states mull over Hormuz bypass

| date=2007-05-11

| access-date=2008-03-08}}

History

The line's Iraqi part has been a principal sabotage target since 2003.

{{cite news

| publisher= USA Today

| url= https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2003-06-22-iraq-oil_x.htm

| title = Explosion at fuel pipeline west of Baghdad

| date=2003-06-22

| access-date=2008-03-08}}

On 26 October 2009, the blast near Mosul halted oil supplies through the pipeline.

{{cite news

| newspaper = Upstream Online

| publisher = NHST Media Group

| url= http://www.upstreamonline.com/live/article197086.ece?referrer=htmlemail&date=2009-10-28

| title = Blast rocks Kirkuk export link

| date=2009-10-28

| access-date=2009-10-28}}

On 16 August 2013, at around 0100 GMT near the al-Shura area 60 km to the south of the city of Mosul a bomb attack damaged the pipeline.{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iraq-oil-pipeline-idUSBRE97F0YD20130816 | work=Reuters | title=Iraq-Turkey oil pipeline bombed: officials | date=2013-08-16}} On 3 September 2013, at around 0200 GMT near Ein al-Jahash area, a bomb attack damaged the pipeline.

{{cite news

|newspaper = The Peninsula Qatar (newspaper)

|publisher = Dar Al-Sharq

|url = http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/latest-news/251526-bomb-attack-halts-kirkuk-ceyhan-pipeline-crude-flow-.html

|title = Bomb attack halts Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline crude flow

|date = 2013-09-03

|access-date = 2013-09-03

|url-status = dead

|archive-url = https://archive.today/20130903161530/http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/latest-news/251526-bomb-attack-halts-kirkuk-ceyhan-pipeline-crude-flow-.html

|archive-date = 2013-09-03

}}

In 2013, the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq completed a pipeline from the Taq Taq oil field through Khurmala (the northwest sector dome of the greater Kirkuk field) and Duhok to Pesh Khabur (Fesh Khabur) on the Turkey-Iraq border, where it is connected to the Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline. This {{convert|36|in|adj=on}} diameter pipeline has capacity of {{convert|150000|oilbbl/d}}. It allows the export of oil from the Taq Taq and Tawke oil fields.{{cite web

| publisher = Genel Energy

| url = http://www.genelenergy.com/operations/kurdistan-region-of-iraq.aspx

| title = Operations in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

| access-date = 2014-06-14

| archive-date = 2014-06-12

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140612192458/http://www.genelenergy.com/operations/kurdistan-region-of-iraq.aspx

| url-status = dead

}} On 23 May 2014, the Kurdistan Regional Government announced that the first oil transported via the new pipeline was loaded into a tanker at Ceyhan.{{cite press release

| publisher = Kurdistan Regional Government

| url = http://www.krg.org/a/d.aspx?l=12&a=51589

| title = KRG statement on first oil sales through pipeline export

| date = 2014-05-23

| access-date = 2014-06-14

| archive-date = 2014-07-15

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140715021442/http://www.krg.org/a/d.aspx?l=12&a=51589

| url-status = dead

}}

In March 2023, the International Chamber of Commerce ruled that the pumping agreement between the Kurdistan Region and the Turkish government was illegal, causing the pumping of petroleum products to and from the Kurdistan Region to cease.{{cite news |title=Iraq halts northern crude exports after winning arbitration case against Turkey |date=2023-03-25 |first1=Ahmed |last1=Rasheed |first2=Rowena |last2=Edwards |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/iraq-halts-northern-crude-exports-after-winning-arbitration-case-against-turkey-2023-03-25/}}

In August 2024, the North Oil Company carried out repairs to the pipeline to allow it to resume operations following agreement with the Kurds.{{cite web | title=Iraq’s Kirkuk-Ceyhan pipeline repairs complete | website=IranOilGas Network | date=2023-03-25 | url=https://www.iranoilgas.com/news/details.aspx?id=26652&title=Iraq%E2%80%99s+Kirkuk-Ceyhan+pipeline+repairs+complete | access-date=2025-03-26}}