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Ceyhan

{{Infobox Turkey place

| type = metro district

| name = Ceyhan

| image_skyline = Ceyhan General view 5756.jpg

| image_caption =

| image_map = Adana location Ceyhan.svg

| map_caption = Map showing Ceyhan District in Adana Province

| coordinates = {{coord|37|01|44|N|35|48|45|E|region:TR|display=inline,title}}

| province = Adana

| leader_party = CHP

| leader_name = Hülya Erdem

| leader_name1 =

| area_total_km2 = 1426

| elevation_m =

| population_footnotes =

| population_total = 158922

| population_as_of = 2022

| postal_code = 01960

| area_code = 0322

| website = {{url|http://www.ceyhan.bel.tr/}}

}}

Ceyhan ({{IPA|tr|ˈdʒejhan|pron}}) is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey.[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023. Its area is 1,426 km2,{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=12 July 2023}} and its population is 158,922 (2022).{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=12 July 2023|publisher=TÜİK|language=en|format=XLS}} It is the most populous district of the province, outside the city of Adana. Ceyhan is the transportation hub for Middle Eastern and Central Asian oil and natural gas. The city is situated on the Ceyhan River that flows through Çukurova plain. The Ceyhan River is dammed at Aslantas to provide flood control and irrigation for the lower river basin around Ceyhan.

Climate

Ceyhan has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa){{Cite journal |title=Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria. |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02549-6/tables/1 |journal=Nature: Scientific Data |language=en}} with very hot, muggy summers with low precipitation, and mild, rainy winters.

{{Weather box

| width = auto

| collapsed = yes

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| location = Ceyhan (1991–2020)

| Jan high C = 14.2

| Feb high C = 15.9

| Mar high C = 19.3

| Apr high C = 23.5

| May high C = 28.1

| Jun high C = 31.8

| Jul high C = 34.0

| Aug high C = 34.5

| Sep high C = 32.7

| Oct high C = 29.1

| Nov high C = 21.9

| Dec high C = 15.9

| year high C = 25.1

| Jan mean C = 8.3

| Feb mean C = 9.5

| Mar mean C = 12.8

| Apr mean C = 16.7

| May mean C = 21.2

| Jun mean C = 25.2

| Jul mean C = 28.0

| Aug mean C = 28.3

| Sep mean C = 25.5

| Oct mean C = 21.1

| Nov mean C = 14.3

| Dec mean C = 9.7

| year mean C = 18.4

| Jan low C = 3.7

| Feb low C = 4.4

| Mar low C = 7.2

| Apr low C = 10.7

| May low C = 14.9

| Jun low C = 19.0

| Jul low C = 22.5

| Aug low C = 22.9

| Sep low C = 19.2

| Oct low C = 14.5

| Nov low C = 8.3

| Dec low C = 5.1

| year low C = 12.7

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 103.17

| Feb precipitation mm = 101.96

| Mar precipitation mm = 83.48

| Apr precipitation mm = 65.46

| May precipitation mm = 51.27

| Jun precipitation mm = 22.46

| Jul precipitation mm = 8.41

| Aug precipitation mm = 4.19

| Sep precipitation mm = 26.81

| Oct precipitation mm = 42.2

| Nov precipitation mm = 78.64

| Dec precipitation mm = 133.84

| year precipitation mm = 721.89

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 7.6

| Feb precipitation days = 7.6

| Mar precipitation days = 7.9

| Apr precipitation days = 6.5

| May precipitation days = 5.1

| Jun precipitation days = 2.7

| Jul precipitation days = 2.1

| Aug precipitation days = 1.1

| Sep precipitation days = 3.2

| Oct precipitation days = 4.6

| Nov precipitation days = 5.3

| Dec precipitation days = 8.5

| year precipitation days = 62.2

| Jan humidity = 67.3

| Feb humidity = 65.5

| Mar humidity = 65.1

| Apr humidity = 65.8

| May humidity = 64.1

| Jun humidity = 63.5

| Jul humidity = 66.2

| Aug humidity = 67.0

| Sep humidity = 63.0

| Oct humidity = 59.2

| Nov humidity = 60.3

| Dec humidity = 68.7

| year humidity = 64.6

| source = NOAA{{cite web

|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Ceyhan_17960.csv

|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Ceyhan

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = January 13, 2024}}

}}

Economy

Ceyhan's marine transport terminal is the Mediterranean terminus of the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline (the "BTC") which brings crude oil from the landlocked Caspian Sea across Azerbaijan and Georgia, and entering Turkey in the northeast. The pipeline was completed in May 2005. The terminal contains seven storage tanks, a jetty capable of loading two tankers of up to {{DWT|300,000|metric|disp=long}} simultaneously, metering facilities, a waste water treatment plant and vapor incineration ("burn-off") facilities.

Ceyhan Terminal is also the destination of Kirkuk–Ceyhan Oil Pipeline but this was closed in 2024 due to a payment dispute.{{cite web | author=Gary Dixon (g_dixon) | title=No way out: ‘Hormuz closure would rock tanker markets’, says BRS | website=TradeWinds | date=2024-10-08 | url=https://www.tradewindsnews.com/tankers/no-way-out-hormuz-closure-would-rock-tanker-markets-says-brs/2-1-1721116?zephr_sso_ott=8tfeAp | access-date=2024-10-10}}

Contemporary Life

Ceyhan is the second most developed and populated district of Adana Province after the center of Adana. The river runs through the district.

Transport

Adana Şakirpaşa Airport is the closest airport to Ceyhan {{cvt|60|km|0}} west of the city. There are domestic and international flights to numerous destinations from the airport. There was a plane crash here in 1999. A Saudi bound plane carrying Hajj pilgrims crashed a few minutes after take off. There were many deaths.

Ceyhan railway station was opened in 1912 as part of the Berlin–Baghdad railway. The station is currently served by two regional lines and one long-distance line. Regional lines run from Mersin to İskenderun and Mersin to İslahiye; long-distance line runs from Adana to Elazığ. There are three services daily to Adana Central Station to connect to the western destinations; Mersin, Ankara, Karaman and Kayseri.

Places of interest

Composition

There are 112 neighbourhoods in Ceyhan District:[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Mahalle], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.

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International relations

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey}}

Ceyhan is twinned with:

  • {{flagicon|AZE}} Sumgait, Azerbaijan{{cite web |url=http://www.azerbaijans.com/content_1719_en.html |title=Twin-cities of Azerbaijan |access-date=2013-08-09 |work=Azerbaijans.com |archive-date=2013-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809115218/http://www.azerbaijans.com/content_1719_en.html |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://sumqayit-ih.gov.az/content.php?page=beynelxalq_elaqeler |title=Sumqayıt şəhər icra hakimiyyəti. Beynəlxalq Əlaqələr |trans-title=Sumgayit Executive Power. International Relations |access-date=2010-12-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220065219/http://sumqayit-ih.gov.az//content.php?page=beynelxalq_elaqeler |archive-date=2010-12-20}}

See also

{{commons category|Ceyhan}}

Footnotes

{{reflist}}

{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Adana|}}

{{Ceyhan District}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Çukurova

Category:Populated places in Adana Province

Category:Districts of Adana Province

Category:Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey