Kozhikode Municipal Corporation

{{Short description|Local civic body in Kozhikode, Kerala, India}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}

{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}

{{Infobox legislature

| name = Kozhikode Corporation

| native_name =കോഴിക്കോട് നഗരസഭ

| native_name_lang = ML

| transcription_name =

| legislature =

| coa_pic =

| coa_res =

| coa_alt =

| coa_caption = A map of the Kozhikode Municipal Corporation

| logo_pic =

| logo_res =

| logo_alt =

| logo_caption = Emblem of Kozhikode Corporation

| house_type = Municipal Corporation

| body =

| jurisdiction = Kozhikode

| term_limits = None

| foundation = {{Start date|1962}}

| preceded_by =

| new_session =

| leader1_type = Mayor

| leader1 = Dr. Beena philip

| party1 = Communist Party of India (Marxist)

| election1 =

| leader2_type = Deputy Mayor

| leader2 = C.P Musafar Ahamed

| party2 = Communist Party of India (Marxist)

| election2 =

| leader3_type = Municipal Corporation Secretary

| leader3 = Mrunmai Joshi

| party3 =

| election3 =

| leader4_type =

| leader4 =

| party4 =

| election4 =

| seats = 75

| house1 =

| structure1 = India_Kozhikode Municipal Corporation_2020.svg

| structure1_res = 300px

| structure1_alt =

| political_groups1 =

• {{legend|#FF0000|LDF: 49 seats}}
• {{legend|#00BFFF|UDF: 14 seats}}
• {{legend|#FF9933|NDA: 7 seats}}
• {{legend|#DDDDDD|Independent: 5 seats}}

| committees1 = {{ubl|Finance Standing Committee|Development Standing Committee|Welfare Standing Committee|Health Standing Committee|Public Works Standing Committee|Town Planning Standing Committee|Tax Appeal Standing Committee|Education & Sports Standing Committeehttp://lsgkerala.gov.in/pages/standingCommittee.php?intID=4&ID=171&ln=en {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}}}

| term_length = 5 years

| authority =

| salary =

| seats1_title =

| seats1 =

| seats2_title =

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| seats3_title =

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| seats4_title =

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| seats5 =

| seats6_title =

| seats6 =

| seats7_title =

| seats7 =

| seats8_title =

| seats8 =

| voting_system1 = First-past-the-post

| first_election1 =

| last_election1 = 2020

| next_election1 = 2025

| redistricting =

| motto =

| session_room =

| session_res =

| session_alt =

| meeting_place = Corporation Office, Kozhikode

| session_room2 =

| session_res2 =

| session_alt2 =

| meeting_place2 =

| website = {{URL|http://kozhikodecorporation.lsgkerala.gov.in/en|kozhikodecorporation.lsgkerala.gov.in}}

| constitution =

| footnotes =

}}

Kozhikode Corporation is the municipal corporation that administers the city of Kozhikode, Kerala. Established in 1962, it is in the Kozhikode parliamentary constituency. The first mayor was H. Manjunatha Rao. Its four assembly constituencies are Kozhikode North (State Assembly constituency), Kozhikode South (State Assembly constituency), Beypore (State Assembly constituency) and Elathur (State Assembly constituency).[https://web.archive.org/web/20080209134539/http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/05/stories/2008020561140500.htm Kozhikode Lok Sabha constituency redrawn Delimitation impact], The Hindu 5 February 2008 The Corporation is headed by a mayor and council,{{cite web|publisher=kozhikode corporation|url=http://www.kozhikodecorporation.org/images/Councillors/council.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927224119/http://www.kozhikodecorporation.org/images/Councillors/council.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 September 2024|title=Kozhikode Corporation, Councillors|access-date=27 November 2011}} and manages 118.58 km² of the city of Kozhikode, with a population of about 609,224 within that area.{{cite web|title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011|url=http://urbanaffairskerala.org/images/downloads/ulb_population2011.pdf|work= Population of the urban local bodies in Kerala (2011)|publisher=Government of Kerala|access-date=4 December 2020}} Kozhikode Municipal Corporation has been formed with functions to improve the infrastructure of town.

==History==

The ancient port of Tyndis which was located on the northern side of Muziris, as mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, was somewhere around Kozhikode.{{cite book|author=Menon, A. Sreedhara |title=A Survey of Kerala History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FVsw35oEBv4C|year=2007|publisher=DC Books|isbn=9788126415786}} Its exact location is a matter of dispute. The suggested locations are Ponnani, Tanur, Beypore-Chaliyam-Kadalundi-Vallikkunnu, and Koyilandy. Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only to Muziris, between the Cheras and the Roman Empire.Coastal Histories: Society and Ecology in Pre-modern India, Yogesh Sharma, Primus Books 2010

In the 14th century, Kozhikode conquered larger parts of central Kerala after the seize of Tirunavaya region from Valluvanad, which were under the control of the king of Perumbadappu Swaroopam (Cochin). The ruler of Perumpadappu was forced to shift his capital (c. CE 1405) further south from Kodungallur to Kochi. In the 15th century, the status of Cochin was reduced to a vassal state of Kozhikode, thus leading to the emergence of Kozhikode as the most powerful kingdom on the medieval Malabar Coast.

Kozhikode was the largest city in the Indian state of Kerala under the rule of Zamorin of Calicut, an independent kingdom based at Kozhikode. It remained so until 18th century CE. Under British Raj, it acted as the headquarters of Malabar District, one of the two districts in the western coast of erstwhile Madras Presidency. The port at Kozhikode held the superior economic and political position in medieval Kerala coast, while Kannur, Kollam, and Kochi, were commercially important secondary ports, where the traders from various parts of the world would gather.The Portuguese, Indian Ocean and European Bridgeheads 1500–1800. Festschrift in Honour of Prof. K. S. Mathew (2001). Edited by: Pius Malekandathil and T. Jamal Mohammed. Fundacoa Oriente. Institute for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities of MESHAR (Kerala) The Portuguese arrived at Kappad Kozhikode in 1498 during the Age of Discovery, thus opening a direct sea route from Europe to South Asia.DC Books, Kottayam (2007), A. Sreedhara Menon, A Survey of Kerala History The port at Kozhikode was the gateway to South Indian coast for the Arabs, the Portuguese, the Dutch, and finally the British.{{cite book |last1=Sreedhara Menon |first1=A. |title=Kerala Charitram |date=January 2007 |publisher=DC Books |location=Kottayam |isbn=978-81-264-1588-5 |edition=2007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FAlXPgAACAAJ&q=%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B3+%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82 |access-date=19 July 2020}} The Kunjali Marakkars, who were the naval chief of the Zamorin of Kozhikode, are credited with organizing the first naval defense of the Indian coast.{{cite news |last=Singh |first=Arun Kumar |title=Give Indian Navy its due |url=https://www.asianage.com/opinion/columnists/110217/give-indian-navy-its-due.html |access-date=23 January 2021 |work=The Asian Age |date=11 February 2017}} During the British rule, Malabar's chief importance lay in producing pepper.Pamela Nightingale, ‘Jonathan Duncan (bap. 1756, d. 1811)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2009 Kozhikode municipality was formed on 1 November 1866 according to the Madras Act 10 of 1865 (Amendment of the Improvements in Towns act 1850){{cite web|url=http://www.lawmin.nic.in/chronology.doc |title=CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF CENTRAL ACTS (Updated up to 17-10-2014) |website=Lawmin.nic.in |access-date=2016-08-07}}{{cite book |last1=Lewis McIver |first1=G. Stokes |title=Imperial Census of 1881 Operations and Results in the Presidency of Madras |date=1883 |publisher=E.Keys at the Government Press |location=Madras |page=444 |edition=(Vol II) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b_YIAAAAQAAJ |access-date=5 December 2020}}{{cite book |last1=Presidency |first1=Madras (India |title=Madras District Gazetteers, Statistical Appendix For Malabar District. |date=1915 |publisher=The Superintendent, Government Press |location=Madras |page=20 |edition=Vol.2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aUEwnQEACAAJ |access-date=2 December 2020 |language=en}}{{cite book |last1=HENRY FROWDE, M.A. |first1=Imperial Gazetteer of India |title=Imperial Gazetteer of India |date=1908–1909 |publisher=Clarendon Press |location=Oxford |edition=New |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/ |access-date=2 December 2020}} of the British Indian Empire, making it the first modern municipality in the state. It was upgraded into a Municipal Corporation in 1962, making it the second-oldest Municipal Corporation in the state.

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