Krasny Kholm, Krasnokholmsky District, Tver Oblast

What is now Krasny Kholm was first attested as the village of Spas-na-Kholmu as early as 1518.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} The village belonged to the Antoniyev Monastery of St. Nicholas until its lands were secularized in 1764. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates,{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} and in 1776, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was established as a part of Tver Viceroyalty.{{cite web|url=http://region.tverlib.ru/cgi-bin/fulltext_opac.cgi?show_article=629|script-title=ru:Краснохолмский уезд|publisher=Энциклопедический справочник "Тверская Область"|language=ru|access-date=August 22, 2014}} In 1776, the village was granted town status and received its current name.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} In 1796, the viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate; Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was abolished, with its territory transferred to Vesyegonsky Uyezd. The railway between Rybinsk and St. Petersburg reached the town in 1899, boosting its development.

On March 10, 1918, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was re-established. On April 25, 1921, it was transferred to newly established Rybinsk Governorate.{{cite web |url=http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=225&sid=767186 |script-title=ru:Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области |publisher=Архивы России |language=ru |access-date=August 22, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419140741/http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=225&sid=767186 |archive-date=April 19, 2012 |df=mdy-all }} On February 6, 1923, Rybinsk Governorate was abolished{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} and the uyezd was transferred back to Tver Governorate. On March 3, 1924, Krasnokholmsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Vesyegonsky Uyezds.

On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Krasnokholmsky District, with the administrative center in Krasny Kholm, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast on the territories which previously belonged to Bezhetsky and Vesyegonsky Uyezds. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.Snytko et al., p. 87 On January 29, 1935, Krasnokholmsky District was transferred to newly established Kalinin Oblast.

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Krasny Kholm serves as the administrative center of Krasnokholmsky District.{{OKATO reference|28 232}} As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities, incorporated within Krasnokholmsky District as Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement.Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #32-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Krasnokholmsky Municipal District, lists the town of Krasny Kholm as a part and the administrative center of Krasny Kholm Urban Settlement of that district. As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Krasnokholmsky Municipal District.Law #32-ZO

The main industrial enterprise in the town is Krasny Kholm Electromechanical Plant. There are enterprises of timber, textile, and food industries as well.{{cite web|url=http://krholm.ru/index.php/economics/proms|script-title=ru:Промышленность|publisher=Администрация Краснохолмского района|language=ru|access-date=August 1, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925064053/http://krholm.ru/index.php/economics/proms|archive-date=September 25, 2013|url-status=dead}}

File:Ot-tver2005pl 12.jpg]]

A railway connecting Moscow and Mga via Sonkovo and Pestovo passes through Krasny Kholm. Krasny Kholm railway station is a major station in the town.

Krasny Kholm is connected by roads with Ustyuzhna via Vesyegonsk, with Tver via Bezhetsk, and with Sandovo via Molokovo. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Krasny Kholm.

Krasny Kholm contains thirteen cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally forty objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments are the buildings of the Antoniyev Krasnokholmsky Monastery.{{RKN_base}} On the bank of the Mologa River, within two miles from the town, lie the ruins of the Antoniyev Monastery. The monastery cathedral was commissioned by Andrey Bolshoy in 1481; it was consecrated in 1493 and was rebuilt in limestone half a century later. This building—the oldest in the oblast—was reduced by the Bolsheviks to rubble; it still stands roofless and continues to decay. The Intercession Church (1596), as well as 17th-century walls and cells, were either demolished or mutilated beyond repair.

File:Дом в городе Красный Холм.jpg

Krasnokholmsky District Museum, located in Krasny Holm, was established in 1964. It has expositions on local history.{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.ru/M1027|script-title=ru:Краснохолмский краеведческий музей|publisher=Российская сеть культурного наследия|language=ru|access-date=July 26, 2013}}

Krasny Kholm was the birthplace of Oleg Lomakin and Alexander Myasnikov, who was one of the most famous therapists of the Soviet period. Myasnikov was present at Stalin's dacha (Kuntsevo Dacha) in the last days of Stalin.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}

It is also thought that Krasny Kholm is linked to the myth of Kitezh.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

{{Reflist}}

• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|tve|adm|law}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|tve|mun|list|krasnokholmsky}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|tve|mun|list0}}
• {{Cite book|last1=Снытко|first1=О. В.|editor=С. Д. Трифонов |editor2=Т. Б. Чуйкова |editor3=Л. В. Федина |editor4=А. Э. Дубоносова|script-title=ru:Административно-территориальное деление Новгородской губернии и области 1727-1995 гг. Справочник.|trans-title=Administrative-Territorial Division of Novgorod Governorate and Oblast in 1727–1995. A Reference.|url=http://novarchiv.org/images/novarchiv/nsa/adm_delenie_novg_obl.pdf|access-date=August 19, 2014|year=2009|language=ru|location=Saint Petersburg|display-authors=etal}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311101427/http://region.library.tver.ru/cgi-bin/fulltext_opac.cgi?show_article=851 Ruins of the Krasnokholmsky Monastery]

{{Tver Oblast}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2012}}

Category:Cities and towns in Tver Oblast

Category:Vesyegonsky Uyezd