LNWR DX Goods class

File:LNWR engine No.2022 Special DX.jpg livery]]

The "DX" goods engine was the first original design produced by Ramsbottom, shortly after becoming Locomotive Superintendent of the Northern Division. An experimental prototype was developed at Longsight whilst Ramsbottom was only in charge of the North-Eastern Division. The first regular example was completed at Crewe Works in September 1858, and was given the running number 355. This was the 399th locomotive built at Crewe, but it was the practice of the LNWR to reuse the numbers of withdrawn locomotives.

The first DX, No. 355, was named Hardman, and carried the name on a curved brass plate above the driving wheels. It was painted in the same dark green livery as used by Ramsbottom's predecessor, Francis Trevithick, but edged with a single black line. Fifty-four of the early DX locomotives were given names, but all were removed by 1864, with some re-used on passenger locomotives.

Four 0-4-2 versions of this locomotive type were built by Robert Stephenson and supplied to the Sydney Railway Company in 1855 as the first motive power for the new railway company. They were virtually identical in specification, except for slightly larger {{convert|5|ft|6|in|m|3|abbr=on}} driving wheels and smaller {{convert|16|in|mm|adj=on}} diameter cylinders.

857 examples of Ramsbottom’s standard goods design were built for the LNWR at Crewe Works between 1858 and 1872.{{sfn|Baxter|1977|p=12}}{{sfn|Baxter|1978|pp=124–157}} The class has been described as ‘the earliest example of standardization and mass productions of locomotives on a large scale,'{{cite book| last = Casserley | first = H.C. | title = Historic locomotive pocket book | place = London | publisher = Batsford | year = 1960 | pages = 124–157}} and ‘a remarkable instance of standardisation at a time when most railways had many different classes, each class with only few engines.’. During the 1870s driving cabs were added.

278 examples of a saddle tank version of the design were built after 1870, known as the LNWR Special Tank.

In addition to the 857 examples used by the LNWR, a further 86 examples of the original design were constructed at Crewe for the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR) between 1871 and 1874. This alarmed independent locomotive manufacturers, who sought an injunction to stop the practice;{{cite web| url=http://www.leedsengine.info/leeds/ilma.asp |title=The Locomotive Manufacturers Association |author=Kris Ward |access-date=2014-01-02 |website=Leeds Engine Builders |year=2004}} it was granted on 16 December 1875.{{cite web|url=http://www.nrm.org.uk/~/media/Files/NRM/PDF/archiveslists2012/businesses/Locomotive%20Manufacturers%20Association%20archive%20list.pdf|title=Records of the Locomotive Manufacturers' Association|author=National Railway Museum|author-link=National Railway Museum|year=1997|page=7|access-date=2014-01-02|quote=ORDER in Perpetual Injunction in case of Attorney General ... against London & North Western Railway Co & Richard Moon ... restraining latter from manufacturing locomotive engines or other rolling stock for sale or hire on other than their own railway, 16 Dec 1875}}

The 943 locomotives were all built at Crewe as follows:{{sfn|Baxter|1978|pp=124–157}}{{sfn|Baxter|1982|pp=39, 45–46}}

Crewe numbers 1428–33 (total 6), delivered new to the LNWR in October 1871, were sold to the LYR in November 1871.{{sfn|Baxter|1978|pp=154–155}}{{sfn|Baxter|1982|p=45}} Crewe numbers 1489–98, 1532–41, 1602–21 and 1722–61 (total 80) were delivered new to the LYR.{{sfn|Baxter|1982|pp=39, 45–46}} Most of those built from 1872 onwards (total 130) incorporated modifications by Francis Webb such as being fitted with cabs.{{sfn|Baxter|1978|p=155}}{{sfn|Baxter|1982|pp=39, 46}}

From April 1881, Webb rebuilt 500 examples with a new 150 psi boiler and vacuum brakes for working passenger trains. These became known as ‘Special’ (or vacuum) DX’s.{{cite web | url = http://www.lnwrs.org.uk/GoodsLocos/Loco01.php | title = Goods Engines of LNWR: Special DX | author = London and North Western Railway Society | year = 1999 | publisher = | access-date = 6 June 2012}}

• On 12 January 1899, locomotive 1418 was hauling a freight train that was derailed at Penmaenmawr railway station, Caernarfonshire due to the trackbed being washed away in a storm. Both locomotive crew were killed.{{sfn|Trevena|1981|pp=16–17}}

Withdrawals began in 1902, but there were still 88 engines in existence at the time of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway's formation in 1923. The last survivor was withdrawn in 1930.{{sfn|Casserley|Johnston|1974|p=7}} Despite the large number of the class produced, all were scrapped.

The chassis of a withdrawn DX Goods locomotive was repurposed as a stationary engine on the Sheep Pasture Incline of the Cromford and High Peak Railway in February 1884 but was replaced by an electric winch in 1964.{{cite book |last1=Marshall |first1=John |title=The Cromford & High Peak Railway |date=1996 |publisher=Martin Bairstow |location=Fountain Chambers, Halifax, West Yorkshire |isbn=1-871944-14-7 |page=40}}

File:Chemin de fer International de Malines à Terneuzen Locomotive No.18.jpg

Between 1900 and 1901, four LNWR Special DX were sold to the Société Anonyme du Chemin de Fer International de Malines à Terneuzen, a private railway between Belgium and the Netherlands.{{Cite web|url=http://www.lnwrs.org.uk/Members/Jour0310/jour0310p01.php|title=Where and When? - Part 3 - LNWR Society Journal - September 2002|last=Society|first=LNWR|website=www.lnwrs.org.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-12-16}} They were renumbered 15, 16, 17 and 18.{{Cite web|url=http://rixke.tassignon.be/spip.php?article966|title=Douzième période, 1948-1967 – Reprise des dernières compagnies et dernières (...) - Rixke Rail's Archives|website=rixke.tassignon.be|language=fr|access-date=2017-12-16}} Three of them were rebuilt between 1910 and 1911 with larger cabs of Belgian{{Cite web|url=https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/w-photos-ex-lnwr-dx-6-malines-463667093|title=TWO B&W PHOTOS EX – LNWR DX 0-6-0 MALINES – TERNEUZEN RAILWAY, BELGIUM/HOLLAND {{!}} #463667093|website=Worthpoint|language=en|access-date=2017-12-16}} design and all of them were fitted with Westinghouse brakes sometimes after 1911. One of them (number 15) was still on the active roster in 1948 when the Malines - Terneuzen was taken over by SNCB. All the M.T. engines were then scrapped.{{Cite web|url=http://rixke.tassignon.be/spip.php?article966|title=Douzième période, 1948-1967 – Reprise des dernières compagnies et dernières (...) - Rixke Rail's Archives|website=rixke.tassignon.be|language=fr|access-date=2017-12-16}}

{{Reflist|2}}

• {{Baxter-BritishLocoCat1}}
• {{Baxter-BritishLocoCat2A}}
• {{cite book |last=Baxter |first=Bertram |editor-last=Baxter |editor-first=David |title=British Locomotive Catalogue 1825-1923, volume 3B: Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway and its constituent companies |year=1982 |publisher=Moorland Publishing |location=Ashbourne |isbn=0-903485-85-0 |ol=25432143M |oclc=60038836 }}
• {{Casserley-LocoGrouping3}}
• {{cite book |last = Nock |first = O.S. |author-link=O. S. Nock |year=1952 |title=The Premier Line – The Story of London & North Western Locomotives |place=London |publisher=Ian Allan Ltd }}
• {{cite book |last=Trevena |first=Arthur |title=Trains in Trouble: Vol. 2. |year=1981 |publisher=Atlantic Books |location=Redruth |isbn=0-906899-03-6 }}

{{LNWR Locomotives}}

DX Goods

Category:0-6-0 locomotives

Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1858

Category:Scrapped locomotives

Category:Standard-gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain

Category:Freight locomotives