LSI Corporation

{{short description|American company}}

{{Distinguish|Lear Siegler Incorporated}}

{{Infobox company

| name = LSI Logic Corporation

| logo = LSI-Logic-Logo.svg

| type = Subsidiary

| traded_as = {{NASDAQ was|LSI}}

| industry = {{unbulleted list|Semiconductors|Storage|Networking}}

| foundation = {{start date and age|November 1980}}, in Santa Clara, California, U.S.

| founders = Wilfred Corrigan
Bill O’Meara
Rob Walker
Mitchell "Mick" Bohn

| hq_location = San Jose, California, U.S.

| products =

| production =

| services =

| revenue = {{US$|2.51 billion|link=yes}} (2012){{cite web | url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/703360/000119312513077227/d436577d10k.htm | title=LSI Corporation 10-K | publisher=Securities and Exchange Commission | year=2012 | access-date=28 January 2014}}

| operating_income =

| num_employees = 5,080 (2012)

| parent = Broadcom Inc.

| divisions =

| subsid =

| homepage = {{web archive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130326212433/http://www.lsi.com/Pages/default.aspx|title=lsi.com}}

| footnotes = {{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/703360/000119312514069522/0001193125-14-069522.txt|title=FORM 10-K}}

| successor = {{end date and age|2014}}, acquired by Avago Technologies, now Broadcom Inc.

}}

LSI Logic Corporation was an American company founded in Santa Clara, California, was a pioneer in the ASIC and EDA industries. It evolved over time to design and sell semiconductors and software that accelerated storage and networking in data centers, mobile networks and client computing.{{cite web | url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Data-Storage/LSI-Launches-New-Nytro-PCIe-Product-Line-860833/ | title=LSI Launches New Nytro PCIe Product Line | publisher=eWeek | access-date=28 January 2014}}

In April 2007, LSI Logic merged with Agere Systems and rebranded the firm as LSI Corporation.{{Cite web |title=LSI Completes Merger with Agere Systems |url=https://news.thomasnet.com/companystory/lsi-completes-merger-with-agere-systems-515444 |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=news.thomasnet.com}}

On May 6, 2014, LSI Corporation was acquired by Avago Technologies (now known as Broadcom Inc.) for $6.6 billion.{{cite web | url=http://www.financialstrend.com/avago-technologies-limited-nasdaqavgo-moves-forward-with-lsi-deal-12077.html | title=Avago Technologies Limited (NASDAQ:AVGO) Moves Forward With LSI Deal | publisher=Financials Trend | date=8 January 2014 | access-date=28 January 2014 | author=Hyde, Jennifer | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013225256/http://www.financialstrend.com/avago-technologies-limited-nasdaqavgo-moves-forward-with-lsi-deal-12077.html | archive-date=13 October 2017 | url-status=dead }}

History

=1981–2004=

LSI Logic Corporation was incorporated in November 1980 {{Cite web |date=November 9, 2010 |title=Who's who at LSI Logic's 30th reunion |url=https://www.eetimes.com/whos-who-at-lsi-logics-30th-reuninon/ |access-date=January 1, 2023 |website=EETimes}} by Wilfred J. Corrigan and began operating in early 1981 using leased facilities in Santa Clara, California. Corrigan recruited co-founders Bill O'Meara (VP Marketing and Sales), Rob Walker (VP Engineering) and Mitchell "Mick" Bohn (CFO) as co-founders. Initial funding of $6 million came from a consortium of venture capitalists, including Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers II, Institutional Venture Partners, and Technical Development Capital Ltd.{{Cite news |last=Sylvester |first=David |date=May 14, 1983 |title=LSI raises a record $147 million |work=The Mercury News}} A second round of $16 million in funding from Sequoia Capital, a group of investment bankers from the UK and First Interstate Bank came In March 1982.

The initial plan called for a line of CMOS gate arrays created from “masterslices” which were uncommitted transistors customized to a specific application by the deposition of unique metal interconnections. The intention was to have the masterslices manufactured by external semiconductor companies and then do the metallization themselves. In order to jump start the business, they licensed an existing CMOS gate array design from California Devices Inc. (CDI) and reverse engineered and improved on an ECL gate array design from Motorola.{{Cite web |date=February 23, 2015 |title=LSI Logic |url=https://semiengineering.com/entities/lsi-logic/ |access-date=December 25, 2022 |website=Semiconductor Engineering}}

The first interactive CAD system was called LSI Design System (LDS). The initial EDA flow was based on simulation from TEGAS and place and route from Silvar-Lisco, integrated on Megatek hardware. What made them unique from other ASIC vendors at the time was that they willing to ship the software to their customers rather than keeping it in-house, which was the strategy used by market leaders at the time. In 1982 they started development of their own in-house CAD tools and moved to Silicon Graphics hardware. By 1988, the EDA industry had developed enough that customers wanted to be able to use 3rd party tools.

Sales grew rapidly and they were able to launch a successful initial public offering on the Nasdaq exchange on May, 13 1983. The offering was underwritten by Morgan Stanley & Co and Hambrecht & Quist. 7 million shares of common stock were issued at a price of $21 per share. The stock hit a peak of $25.50 during the day and closed at $24 a share which valued the company at $588M. Once underwriters options were exercised the total offering brought in $153 million. Stock symbol: LLSI.

In April 1984, LSI Logic formed a Japanese affiliate, Nihon LSI Logic Corporation, and raised $20M in a private offering.

In June 1984, LSI Logic formed a British subsidiary, LSI Logic Ltd, and raised $20M in through a private placement.

In February 1985, LSI Logic formed a Canadian subsidiary, LSI Logic Corporation of Canada, Inc.

In 1985, the firm entered into a joint venture called Nihon Semiconductor, Inc. together with Kawasaki Steel—Japan's third largest steel manufacturer—to build a $100 million wafer fabrication plant in Tsukuba, Japan.{{cite web | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-08-16-fi-3166-story.html | title=LSI Logic joined forces with Kawasaki Steel | work=Los Angeles Times | date=16 August 1985 | access-date=29 January 2014}}

In 1987, LSI Logic was among the 14 founding members of SEMATECH, but later withdrew from the organization in January 1992.{{cite journal |last1=Irwin |first1=DA |last2=Klenow |first2=PJ |year=1996 |title=Sematech: Purpose and Performance |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |publisher=Colloquium Paper |volume=93 |issue=23 |pages=12739–42 |bibcode=1996PNAS...9312739I |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.23.12739 |pmc=34130 |pmid=8917487 |doi-access=free}}{{cite web | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-01-07-fi-1723-story.html | title=LSI Logic Quits Chip Consortium : Technology: The payoff for the Milpitas, Calif., firm, a founder of the Sematech organization, fell short of expectations | work=Los Angeles Times | date=7 January 1992 | access-date=29 January 2014}}{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/07/business/lsi-is-leaving-sematech-first-of-founders-to-defect.html | title=LSI Is Leaving Sematech; First of Founders to Defect | work=New York Times | date=7 January 1992 | access-date=29 January 2014| last1=Pollack | first1=Andrew }}

In December 1987, MIPS Computer Systems brought on LSI Logic as a licensee to ability to fabricate the R2000 and R3000 chipsets and provided a license for LSI Logic to implement the MIPS I instruction set architecture (ISA) in ASIC form.

In March 1988, LSI Logic agrees to manufacture and sell the SPARC RISC microprocessor under license from SUN Microsystems. {{Cite web |last=Writer |first=CBR Staff |date=1988-03-15 |title=LSI LOGIC AGREES TO MANUFACTURE SUN'S SPARC RISC |url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/lsi_logic_agrees_to_manufacture_suns_sparc_risc |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Tech Monitor |language=en-US}}

In October 1988, LSI Logic acquired a controlling stake in Video Seven Inc., a designer, manufacturer, and marketer of PC graphics boards{{Cite web |date=October 23, 1988 |title=LSI now has 70% of Video Seven |url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/lsi_now_has_70_of_video_seven |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=Tech Monitor}}

In April 1989, LSI Logic merged its G-2 Inc PC chipsets and Video Seven Inc. graphics chip buses to create Headland Technology Inc, a subsidiary to be run by LSI Logic founder Bill O'Meara{{Cite web |date=April 5, 1989 |title=LSI Logic Merges G2, Video Seven to form Headland |url=https://techmonitor.ai/technology/lsi_logic_merges_g2_video_seven_to_form_headland |access-date=December 27, 2022 |website=TechMonitor}}

In October 1989, LSI Logic transferred its stock listing from NASDAQ: LLSI to NYSE: LSI.{{Cite news |date=November 1989 |title=NASD Notice to Members |pages=408 |url=https://www.sechistorical.org/collection/papers/1980/1989_0101_NASDNTM-19.pdf |access-date=February 18, 2023}}

In July 1991, LSI Logic entered into an agreement with Sanyo Electric of Japan to make a set of chips that translate an HDTV signal into a television image.{{cite web | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-07-16-fi-2506-story.html | title=LSI, Sanyo Join on Advanced TV System | work=Los Angeles Times | date=16 July 1991 | access-date=29 January 2014}}{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/16/business/company-news-lsi-and-sanyo-in-chips-deal.html | title=LSI and Sanyo In Chips Deal | work=New York Times | date=16 July 1991 | access-date=29 January 2014}}

In July 1992, LSI Logic announced CoreWare subsystems as part of its ASIC design flow .{{Cite web |title=LSI Logic extends IP platform strategy with CoreWare subsystems |url=https://www.design-reuse.com/news/5892/lsi-logic-ip-platform-strategy-coreware-subsystems.html |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=Design And Reuse |language=en}}

In 1993, Sony Computer Entertainment chose LSI Logic as their ASIC partner, charged with fitting the PlayStation CPU on a single chip.{{cite web | url=http://patpend.net/technical/psx/LSI.htm | title=FastForward Sony Taps LSI Logic for PlayStation Video Game CPU Chip | publisher=FastForward | access-date=29 January 2014}} LSI's CoreWare could do it, while other offers made to Sony needed two chips. Sony also worked with LSI's engineers develop the graphics engine, DMA controller, I/O and bus controllers.

In 1995, LSI Logic acquired all the remaining shares (45%) of its Canadian subsidiary LSI Logic Corporation of Canada, Inc., which it did not already own.{{cite web | url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/703360/0000891618-98-001346.txt|title=LSI Corporation 10-K 1998 | publisher=Securities and Exchange Commission | access-date=29 January 2014}}

In 1997, LSI Logic acquired Mint Technology, an engineering services company.

In August 1998, LSI Logic acquired Symbios Logic from Hyundai Electronic for $760 million cash.{{Cite news |title= Short Take: LSI to take third-quarter charge |author= Corey Grice |work= CNet news |date= August 7, 1998 |url= http://news.cnet.com/Short-Take-LSI-to-take-third-quarter-charge/2110-1001_3-214240.html |access-date= October 21, 2013 }}

In February 1999, LSI Logic acquired Seeq Technology for $106 million in stock, adding physical-layer based Ethernet technology to LSI's product line.{{cite web | url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1120550 | title=LSI Logic to acquire Seeq | publisher=EE Times | access-date=29 January 2014}}

In January 2000, LSI Logic established a $50M venture fund to invest in startups in the communication sector.{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=2000-01-28 |title=LSI Logic forms $50m communications fund |url=https://www.electronicsweekly.com/news/archived/resources-archived/lsi-logic-forms-50m-communications-fund-2000-01/ |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=Electronics Weekly |language=en}}

In May 2000, LSI Logic acquired IntraServer for $70 million, with expectations to add their rapidly expanding customer base to LSI's own.{{cite web |title=History |url=http://www.hoovers.com/company/LSI_Corporation/rysyti-1-1njhxk.html |access-date=29 January 2014 |publisher=Hoovers}}{{cite web | url=http://news.cnet.com/LSI-to-buy-IntraServer-for-70-mln/2100-12_3-262667.html | title=LSI to buy IntraServer for $70 mln | publisher=Cnet News | access-date=29 January 2014}}

File:LSI SAS 9207-8i.jpg host adapter ]]

In November 2000, LSI Logic acquired Syntax Systems, and in August 2001 the groups merged to become LSI Logic Storage Systems, and later Engenio Information Technologies.{{Cite web |author=Engenio Information Technologies |date=July 27, 2004 |title=Prospectus |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1279400/000089161804001154/f96249a8sv1za.htm |access-date=October 21, 2013 |work=Form S-1/A |publisher=US Securities and Exchange Commission}}

In March 2001 LSI Logic acquired C-Cube Microsystems, a video compression semiconductor company, for $878 million in stock.{{cite news |url= https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C00E6DB1E3CF934A15750C0A9679C8B63 |work=The New York Times |title=Technology Briefing: Deals; LSI Logic To Buy C-Cube Microsystems |author= Laurie J. Flynn | date= March 27, 2001 |access-date= October 20, 2013 }}{{cite news |url= http://news.cnet.com/C-Cube-shares-rocket-on-LSI-Logic-deal/2100-1040_3-254718.html |title= C-Cube shares rocket on LSI Logic deal |author= Tiffany Kary |work= CNet news |date= March 26, 2001 |access-date= October 20, 2013 }}

In September 2001 LSI Logic acquired the RAID adapter division from American Megatrends in a $221 million cash transaction.{{Cite news |title= LSI completes buy of RAID unit |author= Natalie Weinstein |work= CNet news |date= September 4, 2001 |url= http://news.cnet.com/LSI-completes-buy-of-RAID-unit/2110-1040_3-272570.html |access-date= October 21, 2013 }} Included in this deal, LSI received AMI's MegaRAID software intellectual property, host bus adapter products and 200 RAID employees.

In January 2002 LSI Logic and Storage Technology Corporation (StorageTek) entered an alliance making StorageTek the distributor of their co-branded storage products.{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/703360/000120677403000171/d12195-10k.txt|title=2003 LSI Corporation 10-K |access-date=29 January 2014}}

In August 2002 LSI Logic acquired Mylex from IBM, to expand its storage technologies.{{Cite news |title= LSI to buy Big Blue unit |author= Tiffany Kary |work= CNet news |date= July 2, 2002 |url= http://news.cnet.com/LSI-to-buy-Big-Blue-unit/2100-1015_3-941194.html |access-date= October 20, 2013}}

In November 2003, LSI Logic sold its Tsukuba, Japan wafer fabrication facility to ROHM Company, Ltd. for $23.5 million.{{Cite news |title=Japan's Rohm agrees to buy LSI Logic's Tsukuba fab |work=EETimes |url=https://www.eetimes.com/japans-rohm-agrees-to-buy-lsi-logics-tsukuba-fab/ |access-date=February 6, 2023}}

The Engenio division of LSI Logic filed for its own IPO in 2004, but withdrew citing adverse market conditions after the burst of the dot-com bubble.

=2005 to 2014=

In May 2005, Abhi Talwalkar joined LSI Logic as president and CEO, and was also appointed to the board of directors.{{cite web |date=31 December 2009 |title=LSI CEO Abhi Talwalkar |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_14101642 |access-date=29 January 2014 |publisher=Mercury News}}{{cite web | url=http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/Article/3008041/Search/Data-Is-the-Future-for-LSI-CEO-Abhi-Talwalkar.html | title=Data is the Future for LSI CEO Abhi Talwalkar | publisher=Institutional Investor | access-date=29 January 2014}} Talwalkar was an executive at Intel Corporation before joining LSI.{{cite web|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/332/000168825/|title=Abhijit Y. Talwalkar|publisher=NNDB|access-date=29 January 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://vlsiconference.com/vlsi2009/abhi.html |title=Abhi Talwalkar |publisher=International Conference |access-date=29 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202182753/http://vlsiconference.com/vlsi2009/abhi.html |archive-date= 2 February 2014 }} Wilfred Corrigan served as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board from 1981 to June 2005 and Chairman from June 2005 until May 2006.{{cite web |title=Wilfred Corrigan |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/wilfred-corrigan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202121601/http://www.forbes.com/profile/wilfred-corrigan/ |archive-date=February 2, 2014 |access-date=29 January 2014 |work=Forbes}}

In April 2006, LSI Logic sold the Gresham, Oregon design and manufacturing facility to ON Semiconductor for $105 million in cash{{Cite news |last=Clarke |first=Peter |date=April 6, 2006 |title=LSI Logic sells Gresham fab for $105 million |work=EE Times |url=https://www.eetimes.com/lsi-logic-sells-gresham-fab-for-105-million/ |access-date=December 25, 2022}}

In October 2006, LSI Logic agreed to an all-stock merger with Agere Systems worth about $4 billion.{{cite web|url=http://chiefexecutive.net/lsi-logic-ceo-abhi-talwalkar-chipping-away|title=LSI Logic CEO Abhi Talwalkar: Chipping Away|date=30 January 2009 |publisher=Chief Executive|access-date=29 January 2014}}

March 2007, LSI Logic acquired SiliconStor Inc., a provider of semiconductor solutions for enterprise storage networks, for approximately $55 million in cash.{{Cite web |last=Preimesberger |first=Chris |date=2007-02-16 |title=LSI Logic to Acquire SiliconStor for $55M |url=https://www.eweek.com/storage/lsi-logic-to-acquire-siliconstor-for-55m/ |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=eWEEK |language=en-US}}

April 2007, LSI Logic completed its merger with Agere Systems Inc., who previously owned LSI's Mobility Products Group, and rebranded the firm LSI Corporation.

July 2007, Magnum Semiconductor Inc. a spin-off of Cirrus Logic Inc., acquired LSI Corporation's consumer products business and 13 percent of LSI's workforce. These lines included architectures named DoMiNo and Zevio, evolutions of the C-Cube Microsystems technology.{{Cite web |title=August Capital - News: Magnum Semiconductor Agrees To Acquire LSI Consumer Products Business |url=https://augustcapital.typepad.com/news/2008/09/magnum-semicond.html |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=augustcapital.typepad.com}}

August 2007, LSI Corporation signed an agreement with STATS ChipPAC Ltd to sell its Pathumthani, Thailand semiconductor assembly and test operations for $100 million.{{Cite press release |last=LTD |first=STATS CHIPPAC PTE |date=2007-07-25 |title=STATS ChipPAC Acquires LSI's Assembly and Test Operation in Thailand |url=https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2007/07/25/1079025/0/en/STATS-ChipPAC-Acquires-LSI-s-Assembly-and-Test-Operation-in-Thailand.html |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=GlobeNewswire News Room |language=en}}

In October 2007, LSI Corporation acquired Tarari, a maker of silicon and software, for $85 million in cash.{{Cite news |last=LaPedus |first=Mark |date=September 5, 2007 |title=LSI to buy Tarari for $85 million |work=EETimes |url=https://www.eetimes.com/lsi-to-buy-tarari-for-85-million/ |access-date=January 1, 2023}}

October 2007 LSI Corporation completed its sale of its Mobility Division to Infineon Technologies AG (Munich) for €330 million in cash. Approximately 700 LSI employees transferred to Infineon in the deal.{{Cite web |last=LaPedus |first=Mark |date=2007-08-20 |title=Infineon buys LSI's mobility product line |url=https://www.eetimes.com/infineon-buys-lsis-mobility-product-line/ |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=EE Times}}

April 2009, LSI Corporation bought the 3ware RAID adapter business of Applied Micro Circuits Corporation.{{cite web |title=LSI Corporation 10-K 2010 |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/703360/000095012310017990/f55049e10vk.htm |access-date=29 January 2014 |publisher=Securities and Exchange Commission}}

July 2009, LSI Corporation acquires NAS vendor ONStor, Inc. for $25 million.{{Cite news |title= LSI buys struggling ONStor: ONStor investors curse their own prescience |work= The Register |date= July 23, 2009 |author= Chris Mellor |url= https://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/07/23/lsi_buys_onstor/ |access-date= October 20, 2013 }}

March 2011, LSI Corporation announced its sale of its Engenio external storage systems business to NetApp for $480 million in cash.{{cite web | url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/703360/000119312513077227/d436577d10k.htm | title=LSI Corporation 10-K | publisher=Securities and Exchange Commission | year=2012 | access-date=28 January 2014}} The sale of the Engenio division, which generated revenues of $705 million in 2010, completed in May.

January 2012, LSI Corporation completed the acquisition of SandForce, which produced flash memory controllers (for $370 million reported in October 2011).{{cite web|url=http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9225755/LSI_launches_Nytro_application_acceleration_cards?taxonomyId=19|title=LSI launches Nytro application acceleration cards|work=Computerworld |publisher=Computer World|access-date=29 January 2014 |last1=Mearian |first1=Lucas }} LSI started producing its own PCIe cards for data center servers, using SandForce's flash controller chips, under their new Nytro product line that April.{{Cite web|url=http://www.networkcomputing.com/servers-storage/lsi-goes-all-flashy/232800162|title=LSI Goes All Flashy|publisher=Network Computing|access-date=29 January 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/5720/lsis-nytro-megaraid-brings-ssd-caching-to-sas-raid-cards|title=LSI's Nytro MegaRAID Brings SSD Caching to SAS RAID Cards|publisher=AnandTech|access-date=29 January 2014}} This included three different products: LSI Nytro WarpDrive Application Acceleration Cards, LSI Nytro XD Application Acceleration Storage Solution, and LSI Nytro MegaRAID Application Acceleration Cards.{{cite web|url=http://www.infostor.com/san/lsi-gives-flash-storage-app-acceleration-market-a-nytro-boost.html|title=LSI Gives Flash Storage App Acceleration Market a Nytro Boost|publisher=InfoStor|access-date=29 January 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://hothardware.com/News/LSI-Reveals-PCIeBased-Nytro-Enterprise-Storage-Solutions/|title=LSI Reveals PCIe-Based Nytro Enterprise Storage Solutions|publisher=HotHardware|access-date=29 January 2014}}

December 2012, LSI Corporation transferred its stock listing from NYSE: LSI to NASDAQ (Global Select Market): LSI.{{Cite web |title=Data Technical News #2012 - 36 LSI Corporation to Begin Listing on NASDAQ on Wednesday, December 19, 2012 |url=http://nasdaqtrader.com/TraderNews.aspx?id=DTN2012-36 |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=nasdaqtrader.com}}

On December 16, 2013, Avago Technologies (which later acquired Broadcom Corporation, then renamed itself as Broadcom Ltd., then in 2018 changed its name to Broadcom Inc.{{cite web | url = https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1730168/000119312518094342/d548679d8k.htm | title = Broadcom SEC Form 8-K | publisher = SEC | access-date = 6 September 2018}}) announced it would be acquiring LSI Corporation for $6.6 billion in cash. The transaction closed on May 6, 2014.{{cite web|url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/12/16/avago-to-buy-lsi-for-6-6-billion/?_r=0|title=Avago to Buy LSI for $6.6 Billion|date=16 December 2013 |publisher=Deal Book|access-date=29 January 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://allthingsd.com/20131216/in-chip-deal-singapores-avago-to-acquire-lsi-for-6-6-billion/|title=In Chip Deal, Singapore's Avago to Acquire LSI for $6.6 Billion|publisher=All Things D|access-date=29 January 2014}}

References

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