La Balme-les-Grottes

La Balme-des-Grottes is located some 32 km east by north-east of Lyon and 11 km south of Ambérieu-en-Bugey on the right bank of the Rhône. The Rhône also forms the departmental border between Isère and Ain. Access to the commune is by the D65 road from Leyrieu in the south which passes through the length of the commune and the village and continues north to join the D1075 west of Vertrieu. The D52B branches from the D65 in the commune and goes south to Saint-Baudille-de-la-Tour. The D52C also branches from the D65 at the same intersection and goes south-east to Charette. The commune is mixed forest and farmland with dense forests in the north-east.[https://www.google.com/maps/place/La+Balme-les-Grottes,+France/@45.843484,5.319632,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x478b494ec25f8c19:0x4f9390f2b16143fe Google Maps]

The Rhône river forms the entire western border of the commune with no crossing points anywhere in the commune. The commune is covered by a network of canals linked to the Rhône and the Ruisseau de Laye which is a minor loop of the Rhône.

Source:

{{Geographic location

|width=auto

|Centre = La Balme--les-Grottes

|North = Lagnieu

|Northeast = Vertrieu

|East = Parmilieu

|Southeast = Charette

|South = Hières-sur-Amby

|Southwest = Saint-Vulbas

|West = Blyes

|Northwest = Sainte-Julie

}}

Neanderthal men from the Middle Paleolithic period left flint tools and food scraps in the La Balme caves. Around 15000/13000 BC, in the late Upper Paleolithic, Cro-Magnon hunters did the same in the shelter of the cave: flints and bones of reindeer, ibex, aurochs, and horses have been found.

From about 4000 BC, Neolithic farmers colonised the region leaving their polished axes, flints, and pots in Louvaresse and Travers. Collective graves and vases have also been found in the cave from that time. It was especially at the end of the Bronze Age that they left very important remains (1250-950 BC): numerous tombs with cremation urns and animal offerings have been found in crevices and under boulders in a large part of the cave. It is an underground necropolis of the Urnfield culture notable for its wealth of ceramic vases.[http://aimebocquet.perso.sfr.fr/balme0.htm La Grotte de la Balme] {{in lang|fr}}{{dead link|date=January 2024}}

Part of the archaeological material from all eras is displayed in the Heritage House at Hières-sur-Amby where it was sent in 1985 by the excavators.

{{Blazon-arms

|img1=Blason ville fr Balme-les-Grottes (La) 38.svg

|legend1=Arms of La Balme-les-Grottes

|text=The official status of the blazon remains to be determined.

Blazon:

Party per bend sinister wavy, at first Argent a dolphin Azure; at second Vert, an entry to a cave Argent charged with a church proper of 3 levels with the sinister wall mouvant windows open and a slope proper mouvant to dexter, over a path in bend sinister of Azure mouvant to base, with another path in bend sinister proper to dexter mouvant to base, in chief wavy of Azure; at the bend sinister wavy debruised by a bend sinister wavy of Azure charged with 6 ribbands wavy of Argent.

}}

{{incomplete list|date=April 2021}}

List of Successive Mayors[http://www.francegenweb.org/mairesgenweb/resultcommune.php?id=30312 List of Mayors of France] {{in lang|fr}}

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Balmolans or Balmolanes in French.[https://www.habitants.fr/isere-38 Le nom des habitants du 38 - Isère], habitants.fr

{{Historical populations

| align = none

| cols = 2

| percentages = pagr

| source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|2521|La Balme-les-Grottes}} and INSEE[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-38026#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE

| graph-pos = bottom

|1793 |514

|1800 |558

|1806 |568

|1821 |654

|1831 |644

|1836 |741

|1841 |850

|1846 |892

|1851 |912

|1856 |869

|1861 |863

|1866 |819

|1872 |759

|1876 |649

|1881 |608

|1886 |588

|1891 |602

|1896 |510

|1901 |461

|1906 |452

|1911 |446

|1921 |405

|1926 |384

|1931 |345

|1936 |310

|1946 |330

|1954 |408

|1962 |426

|1968 |393

|1975 |438

|1982 |531

|1990 |588

|1999 |675

|2007 |887

|2012 |936

|2017 |1060

}}

• BioMérieux[http://copainspro.journaldunet.com/etablissement/55315/1/biomerieux/ Copainspro website] {{in lang|fr}}

The commune has many buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:

• Houses (16th-20th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000343|IA38000343 House 1 at D65}} {{Mérimée|IA38000345|IA38000345 House 2 at D65}} {{Mérimée|IA38000344|IA38000344 House 3 at D65}} {{Mérimée|IA38000576|IA38000576 Houses}} {{Mérimée|IA38000128|IA38000128 Farmhouse at la Brosse}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Town Hall / School at Route de Lagneu (1882){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000051|IA38000051 Town Hall / School at Route de Lagneu}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Chateau de Salette (13th century).{{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|PA38000001|PA38000001 Chateau de Salette}} {{in lang|fr}}{{Camera}} The remaining buildings of the former Carthusian monastery of Salette. The facades and roofs of the chateau are from the 19th century. In October 1299 Dauphin Humbert I of Viennois founded a monastery for women of which three buildings remain. During the French Revolution the monastery was sold and is home for some time to an earthenware factory. The chateau was built around 1870-1880 and preserves some decorations from that time.
• The Chateau d'Amblérieu (ruins) (14th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|PA00117117|PA00117117 }} {{Mérimée|IA38000036|IA38000036 Chateau d'Amblérieu}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The War Memorial (20th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000577|IA38000577 War Memorial}} {{in lang|fr}}
• Mills (17th-20th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000342|IA38000342 Moulin du Pré du Moulin at Amblérieu}} {{Mérimée|IA38000341|IA38000341 Flour Mill at Travers}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Lavoir (Public laundry) (1879){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000339|IA38000339 Lavoir}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Chateau de La Serve (1818){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|PA38000334|PA38000334 Chateau de La Serve}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Chateau Delphinal (13th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000037|IA38000037 Chateau Delphinal}} {{in lang|fr}}

The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

• A Wayside Cross at Rue des Grottes (17th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000340|IA38000340 Wayside Cross at Rue des Grottes}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Favre family Tomb (20th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000338|IA38000338 Favre family tomb}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Tomb of Eudoxie Gigard (19th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000337|IA38000337 Tomb of Eudoxie Gigard}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Péricaud family Tomb (19th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000336|IA38000336 Péricaud family tomb}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Cemetery (1865){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000335|IA38000335 Cemetery}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Priory of Notre-Dame (1660){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000318|IA38000318 Priory of Notre-Dame}} {{in lang|fr}}
• The Chapel of Notre-Dame of the Grotto (12th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000315|IA38000315 Chapel of Notre-Dame of the Grotto}} {{in lang|fr}} The Chapel contains a large number of items that are registered as historical objects.
• The Parish Church of Saint Peter (12th century){{Mérimée Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Mérimée {{Mérimée|IA38000115|IA38000115 Parish Church of Saint Peter}} {{in lang|fr}} The Church contains a large number of items that are registered as historical objects.

File:Grotte de La Balme (entrée).JPG

• The Grotte de La Balme (La Balme Cave) is one of the Seven Wonders of Dauphiné. It is a formation of an "amphitheatre of small basins". The caves were a hideout for Louis Mandrin. They were visited by François I and contain an apocryphal portrait of him. The caves contain several items that are registered as historical objects:
• A Sarcophagus (Gallo-Roman){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM38000014|PM38000014 Sarcophagus}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Funeral Stele (Gallo-Roman){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM38000013|PM38000013 Funeral Stele}} {{in lang|fr}}
• A Commemorative Plaque (Gallo-Roman){{Palissy Icon}}Ministry of Culture, Palissy {{Palissy|PM38000012|PM38000012 Commemorative Plaque}} {{in lang|fr}}

• Laurent Clerc, founder of the first school for the Deaf in North America, born on 26 December 1785 in La Balme-les-Grottes.
• Jean Roux, priest of La Balme, left a pre-Revolutionary "Journal" of great interest.Marius Riollet: "Review of tre History of Lyon" Vol. X, 1911 {{in lang|fr}}

• Communes of the Isère department

{{Reflist|2}}

• [http://www.labalmelesgrottes.com/ La Balme-les-Grottes official website] {{in lang|fr}}
• [http://www.geoportail.gouv.fr/accueil?c=5.3369,45.8533&z=7.92265E-5&l=GEOGRAPHICALGRIDSYSTEMS.MAPS.3D$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS@aggregate(1)&l=ADMINISTRATIVEUNITS.BOUNDARIES$GEOPORTAIL:OGC:WMTS(1)&permalink=yes La Balme-les-Grottes on Géoportail], National Geographic Institute (IGN) website {{in lang|fr}}
• [http://rumsey.geogarage.com/maps/cassinige.html?lat=45.8533&lon=5.3369&zoom=13 la Balme on the 1750 Cassini Map]

{{commons category}}

{{Isère communes}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Balmelesgrottes}}

Category:Communes of Isère