Laguna Volcanic Field
{{Short description|Active volcanic field in southern Luzon, Philippines}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Laguna Volcanic Field
| other_name = San Pablo Volcanic Field
| photo = Turbina,Calambajf1241 08.JPG
| photo_caption = Mount Makiling, the tallest volcano in the Laguna Volcanic Field
| map = Philippines
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in the Philippines
| map_relief =
| map_size =
| label = Laguna Volcanic Field
| label_position = left
| coordinates = {{coord|14.12|N|121.30|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| range_coordinates =
| elevation_m = 1090
| prominence =
| location = Luzon, Philippines
| type = Volcanic field
| volcanic_arc/belt = Macolod Corridor
| age = Quaternary
| last_eruption = 1350 ± 100 years
| child =
| embedded =
}}
The Laguna Volcanic Field, also known as the San Pablo Volcanic Field, is an active volcanic field in the Philippines, located between Laguna de Bay, Mount Banahaw volcano complex and Mount Malepunyo range. It is part of the larger Southwestern Luzon Volcanic Field (SWLVF).{{cite web|url=http://www.philjol.info/philjol/index.php/LSR/article/view/289/258 |author=Rene Juna R. Claveria, Teresita R. Perez, etc. |title=Petrographic Analysis of Rocks and Sediments around the Seven Lakes of San Pablo, Laguna: Implications Regarding Sulfate Distribution and Provenance |accessdate=October 11, 2013 |publisher=Department of Environmental Science, Ateneo de Manila University |year=}} From Manila, it is about {{convert|50|km}} southeast to Mount Makiling, its most prominent volcanic feature.
The field is composed of over 200 dormant and monogenetic maars, crater lakes, scoria cones, and stratovolcanoes, the tallest of which is Mount Makiling at {{convert|1090|m|abbr=on}} in elevation. Many of the maars are aligned along a NE-SW trend. Three generations of maars are present, with the oldest being sediment-filled, like the ones found in Calauan. The youngest maars contain deep lakes with many concentrated in the city of San Pablo. The youngest maar, {{convert|1.2|km|adj=on}} wide Sampaloc Lake was formed about 500–700 years ago according to local legend, the last major activity in the volcanic field.
Volcanism is still evident through the presence of geothermal areas like mud and hot springs.{{cite gvp | vnum = 273060 | name = San Pablo Volcanic Field | accessdate = October 11, 2013}}. The areas south of Mt. Makiling is the site of one of the earliest geothermal plants in the country.
Volcanic features
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) lists some of the maars and cones situated in the Laguna volcanic field. All are classified as inactive.[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59:inactive-volcanoes&catid=55&Itemid=116 "Inactive Volcanoes – Part 1"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924073926/http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=59:inactive-volcanoes&catid=55&Itemid=116 |date=September 24, 2015 }}. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Retrieved on October 13, 2013.
=Maars=
- Alligator Lake, Los Baños {{coord|14|10|57|N|121|12|23|E|name=Alligator Lake}}
- Lake Bunot, San Pablo {{coord|14|04|53|N|121|20|38|E|name=Lake Bunot}}
- Lake Calibato, San Pablo {{coord|14|06|12|N|121|22|41|E|name=Lake Calibato}}
- Lake Gunao, Dolores, Quezon {{coord|14|0|4|N|121|22|17|E|name=Lake Gunao}}
- Imoc Maar, San Pablo {{coord|14|6|22|N|121|17|47|E|name=Imoc Maar}}
- Lake Muhikap, San Pablo {{coord|14|7|20|N|121|20|3|E|name=Lake Muhikap}}
- Lake Palakpakin, San Pablo {{coord|14|6|37|N|121|20|24|E|name=Lake Palakpakin}}
- Lake Pandin, San Pablo {{coord|14|6|52|N|121|22|8|E|name=Lake Pandin}}
- Sampaloc Lake, San Pablo {{coord|14|4|42|N|121|19|49|E|name=Sampaloc Lake}}
- Lake Tikub, Tiaong, Quezon {{coord|13|57|46|N|121|18|23|E|name=Lake Tikub}}
- Lake Yambo, San Pablo {{coord|14|07|9|N|121|21|59|E|name=Lake Yambbo}}
- Dolotina Maar, San Pablo {{coord|14|5|58|N|121|17|53|E|name=Dolotina Maar}}
=Cones=
;Named as hills:
- Bayaquitos Hill, Nagcarlan {{coord|14|9|20.2|N|121|23|17.8|E|name=Bayaquitos Hill}}
- Bunsulan Hills, Alaminos {{coord|14|02|6.2|N|121|14|19.7|E|name=Bunsulan Hills}}
- La Mesa Hill, Calamba {{coord|14|8|56.7|N|121|9|50.5|E|name=}}
- Mani Hill, Alaminos {{coord|14|02|10.2|N|121|15|43.5|E|name=}}
- Mapait Hills, Alaminos {{coord|14|2|40.9|N|121|14|15.2|E|name=}}
- Mayondon Hill, Los Baños {{coord|14|11|44.9|N|121|14|16.9|E|name=}}
- Palindan Hill, Alaminos {{coord|14|1|49.9|N|121|15|19.6|E|name=}}
- Tanza Hill, Alaminos {{coord|14|02|2.5|N|121|15|29.4|E|name=}}
;Named as mountains:
- Mount Atimla, Nagcarlan {{coord|14|8|56.3|N|121|21|56.21|E|name=Mt. Atimla}}
- Mount Bayaquitos, Nagcarlan {{coord|14|9|23.1|N|121|23|46.0|E|name=Mt. Bayaquitos}}
- Mount Bijiang, Calamba {{coord|14|9|41.5|N|121|9|58.4|E|name=Mt. Bijiang}}
- Mount Buboy, Calauan {{coord|14|05|47.0|N|121|14|36.9|E|name=Mt. Buboy}}
- Mount Bulalo, Calauan {{coord|14|6|4.5|N|121|13|34.5|E|name=}}
- Mount Cabulugan, Bay {{coord|16|7|6.2|N|121|12|50|E|name=}}
- Mount Camotes, Calamba {{coord|14|9|43.6|N|121|9|8.2|E|name=}}
- Mount Kalisungan, Calauan {{coord|14|8|48.2|N|121|20|41.0|E|name=}}
- Mount Lagula, Calauan {{coord|14|07|27.2|N|121|19|19.3|E|name=}}
- Mount Lansay, Nagcarlan {{coord|14|7|37|N|121|23|59|E|name=}}
- Mount Luyong, Calauan {{coord|14|06|34.3|N|121|14|45.5|E|name=}}
- Mount Mabilog, San Pablo {{coord|14|06|20.6|N|121|15|40.9|E|name=}}
- Mount Malauban, San Pablo {{coord|14|7|5.0|N|121|22|16.2|E|name=}}
- Mount Malauban-Lansay, San Pablo {{coord|14|7|12.2|N|121|22|59.0|E|name=}}
- Mount Mapula, Calauan {{coord|14|05|55|N|121|16|50.9|E|name=}}
- Mount Masaia, Calamba {{coord|14|9|12.0|N|121|9|21.4|E|name=}}
- Mount Obabis, Calauan {{coord|14|6|45.5|N|121|18|15.4|E|name=}}
- Mount Olila, Alaminos {{coord|14|04|40.2|N|121|12|52.1|E|name=}}
- Mount Tamlong, Calauan {{coord|14|4|55.7|N|121|14|26.7|E|name=}}
See also
External links
- [http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0703-06= Global Volcanism Program]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090203163232/http://volcano.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/ Philippines Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)]