San Pablo, Laguna

{{Infobox settlement

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| image1 = Sampalok Lake, San Pablo City, Laguna, July 2023.jpg

| caption1 = Sampaloc Lake

| image2 = Hagdang Bato, San Pablo City, Laguna.jpg

| caption2 = Hagdang Bato

| image3 = SanPabloLagunajf6901 02.JPG

| caption3 = San Pablo Welcome Arch

| image4 = Saint Paul the First Hermit Cathedral (M. Paulino, San Pablo, Laguna; 10-08-2022).jpg

| caption4 = Saint Paul the First Hermit Cathedral

| image5 = San Pablo City Hall, Laguna, July 2023.jpg

| caption5 = City Hall of San Pablo

| image6 = San Pablo City Central Terminal, Laguna, Jul 2024.jpg

| caption6 = San Pablo Central Terminal

| image7 = SM City San Pablo (National Road, San Pablo, Laguna; 10-08-2022).jpg

| caption7 = SM San Pablo

| image8 = Andres Bonifacio Monument, San Pablo City, Laguna.jpg

| caption8 = Andres Bonifacio Monument

}}

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| subdivision_type1 = Region

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| official_name = {{PH wikidata|official_name}}

| etymology =

| named_for = St. Paul the First Hermit

| native_name = Lungsod ng San Pablo

| other_name =

| nickname = City of Seven Lakes

| motto =

| anthem = Lungsod Naming Mahal (Our Beloved City)

| subdivision_type3 = District

| subdivision_name3 = {{PH legislative district}}

| established_title = Founded

| established_date = 1586

| established_title2 = Chartered

| established_date2 = 1647

| established_title3 = Cityhood

| established_date3 = May 7, 1940

| parts_type = Barangays

| parts_style = para

| p1 = {{PH barangay count | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }} (see Barangays)

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Vicente B. Amante
(Nacionalista)

| leader_title1 = Vice Mayor

| leader_name1 = Justin G. Colago
(Nacionalista)

| leader_title2 = Representative

| leader_name2 = Loreto S. Amante
(Lakas)

| leader_title3 = City Council

| leader_name3 = {{PH Town Council

| 1 =

| 2=Carmela A. Acebedo

| 3=Angelita E. Yang

| 4=Martin Angelo B. Adriano Jr.

| 5=Richard C. Pavico

| 6=Lou Vincent B. Amante

| 7=Dandi C. Medina

| 8=Cesarito C. Ticzon

| 9=Francis A. Calatrava

| 10=Buhay D. Espiritu

| 11=Christian Dior C. Amante

}}

| leader_title4 = Electorate

| leader_name4 = {{PH wikidata|electorate}} voters (Philippine general election, {{PH wikidata)

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| population_demonym = San Pableño (f. -a) San Pablenyo (f. -a)

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| timezone = PST

| utc_offset = +8

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| postal2_code_type = {{PSGCstyle}}

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| area_code_type = {{areacodestyle}}

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| demographics_type1 = Economy

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| demographics1_info1 = {{PH wikidata|income_class}}

| demographics1_title2 = Poverty incidence

| demographics1_info2 = {{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence}}% ({{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_point_in_time}}){{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_footnotes}}

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| demographics_type2 = Service provider

| demographics2_title1 = Electricity

| demographics2_info1 = {{PH electricity distribution | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }}

| demographics2_title2 = Water

| demographics2_info2 =

| demographics2_title3 = Telecommunications

| demographics2_info3 =

| demographics2_title4 = Cable TV

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| blank_name_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_title}}

| blank_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_type}}

| blank1_name_sec1 = Native languages

| blank1_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|language}}

| blank2_name_sec1 = Crime index

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| blank1_name_sec2 = Major religions

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}}

San Pablo, officially the City of San Pablo ({{langx|fil|Lungsod ng San Pablo}}), is a component city in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 285,348 people.{{PH census|current}}

The city is also known as the "City of Seven Lakes" ({{langx|fil|Lungsod ng Pitong Lawa}}), referring to the Seven Lakes of San Pablo: Lake Sampaloc (or Sampalok), Lake Palakpakin, Lake Bunot, Lakes Pandin and Yambo, Lake Muhikap, and Lake Calibato.

San Pablo was part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa beginning in 1910. On November 28, 1967, it became an independent diocese and became the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Pablo.

Etymology

San Pablo is derived from the Spanish for Saint Paul, referring to the local patron saint, Paul the First Hermit. It was previously known as San Pablo de los Montes, which translates to "Saint Paul of the Mountains" in Spanish.{{cite news|url=https://www.sanpablocity.gov.ph/history|title=History|website=San Pablo City|accessdate=August 23, 2024}}

History

San Pablo's earliest historical record dates back to pre-Spanish times when four large barrios bounded by Mount Makiling composed of settlements, the most prominent of which was "Sampalok" (Sampaloc). In 1571, the first Spanish troops under Captain Juan de Salcedo arrived in the upland village of Sampaloc. It was noted by Father Joaquin Martinez de Zuñiga that its original inhabitants were Aetas and were ruled by four chieftains.

San Pablo became a parish in 1586, and then a municipality in 1647, and was renamed "San Pablo de los Montes" in honor of Saint Paul the First Hermit.

Augustinian friar, Father Hernando Cabrera built the first church made of wood. It was noted that the sacristy of this church was ornamented and contained silver, which rivalled and even surpassed that of Spain.{{Cite web |title=Conservation and guidelines for the san pablo heritage zone |url=https://sanpablocityheritagezone.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/3.0-Historical-Development_compressed.pdf}}

In 1756, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Batangas province but was returned to Laguna in 1883.

File:Philippine Island - Luzon Island - NARA - 68157059.jpg

In 1899, a municipal government was established, with Atty. Innocente Martinez as municipal president. Marcos Paulino was elected municipal president in 1902 when the civil government was set up. From 1926 to 1940, the people of San Pablo worked for its independence from the province of Laguna.

On May 7, 1940, the Charter Bill sponsored by Assemblyman Tomas D. Dizon of Laguna's 1st district was approved by President Manuel L. Quezon. The bill became known as the City Charter of San Pablo or Commonwealth Act No. 520, approved by President Quezon.{{cite PH act|chamber=CA|number=520|title=An Act Creating the City of San Pablo|date=May 7, 1940|access-date=December 12, 2022|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/legislative%2Bissuances/Commonwealth%20Act%20520}}

The city was inaugurated on March 30, 1941, with Potenciano Malvar, a former governor of Laguna, as the city mayor appointed by president Manuel L. Quezon. Succeeding him in 1941 as an appointed mayor was Manuel Quisumbing, in turn followed by Tomas D. Dizon in 1943 as an appointed mayor. The succeeding mayors were elected after 1955, with Cipriano B. Colago being the first elected city mayor.

Geography

San Pablo is located in the southern portion of Laguna province, {{convert|82|km|sp=us}} southeast of Manila via Alaminos and {{convert|37|km|sp=us}} southwest of Santa Cruz via Calauan.

By land area, it is the largest in Laguna province; by population, it is the sixth largest, after the cities of Calamba, Santa Rosa, Biñan, San Pedro, and Cabuyao.

San Pablo has a cool climate owing to its location. It is located in the foothills of three mountains: Mount Banahaw, Mount Makiling and the Sierra Madre Mountains within the Laguna Volcanic Field, also known as the San Pablo Volcanic Field.

The climate and soil are suitable for agriculture. The different barangays have plantations for coconuts, lanzones fruit (Lansium parasiticum), and rambutan fruit.

= Climate =

The prevailing climatic conditions in the city is categorized into wet and dry seasons.

{{Weather box

| location = San Pablo City, Laguna

| width = auto

| Jan high C = 26

| Jan low C = 20

| Feb high C = 27

| Feb low C = 20

| Mar high C = 29

| Mar low C = 20

| Apr high C = 31

| Apr low C = 21

| May high C = 31

| May low C = 23

| Jun high C = 30

| Jun low C = 24

| Jul high C = 29

| Jul low C = 23

| Aug high C = 28

| Aug low C = 23

| Sep high C = 28

| Sep low C = 23

| Oct high C = 28

| Oct low C = 22

| Nov high C = 28

| Nov low C = 22

| Dec high C = 26

| Dec low C = 21

| Jan precipitation mm = 52

| Feb precipitation mm = 35

| Mar precipitation mm = 27

| Apr precipitation mm = 27

| May precipitation mm = 82

| Jun precipitation mm = 124

| Jul precipitation mm = 163

| Aug precipitation mm = 144

| Sep precipitation mm = 145

| Oct precipitation mm = 141

| Nov precipitation mm = 100

| Dec precipitation mm = 102

| Jan rain days = 12.0

| Feb rain days = 8.1

| Mar rain days = 8.8

| Apr rain days = 9.7

| May rain days = 17.9

| Jun rain days = 22.6

| Jul rain days = 26.2

| Aug rain days = 24.5

| Sep rain days = 24.6

| Oct rain days = 22.0

| Nov rain days = 16.7

| Dec rain days = 14.9

| source 1 = Meteoblue (modeled/calculated data, not measured locally)

{{cite web

| url = https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/historyclimate/climatemodelled/san-pablo-city_philippines_1688830

| title = San Pablo: Average Temperatures and Rainfall

| publisher = Meteoblue

| access-date = May 11, 2020 }}

| date = May 11, 2020 }}

=Barangays=

San Pablo is politically subdivided into 80 barangays, as indicated below. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

I-A (Sambat)
I-B (City+Riverside)
I-C (Bagong Bayan)
II-A (Triangulo/ Guadalupe 2)
II-B (Guadalupe 1)
II-C (Unson)
II-D (Bulante)
II-E (San Anton)
II-F (Villa Rey)
III-A (Hermanos Belen)
III-B
III-C (Labak/De Roma)
III-D (Villongco)
III-E
III-F (Balagtas)
IV-A
IV-B
IV-C
V-A
V-B
V-C
V-D
VI-A (Mavenida)
VI-B
VI-C (Bagong Pook)
VI-D (Lparkers)
VI-E (YMCA)
VII-A (P.Alcantara)
VII-B
VII-C
VII-D
VII-E
Atisan
Bautista
Concepcion (Bunot)
Del Remedio (Wawa)
Dolores
San Antonio 1 (Balanga)
San Antonio 2 (Sapa)
San Bartolome (Matang-ag)
San Buenaventura (Palakpakin)
San Crispin (Lumbangan)
San Cristobal
San Diego (Tiim)
San Francisco (Calihan)
San Gabriel (Butucan)
San Gregorio
San Ignacio
San Isidro (Balagbag)
San Joaquin
San Jose (Malamig)
San Juan (Putol)
San Lorenzo (Saluyan)
San Lucas 1 (Sabang)
San Lucas 2 (Malinaw)
San Marcos (Tikew)
San Mateo (Imok)
San Miguel (Butukan)
San Nicolas (Mag-ampon)
San Pedro
San Rafael (Buluburan)
San Roque (Sambat)
San Vicente
Santa Ana
Santa Catalina (Sandig)
Santa Cruz (Putol)
Santa Elena
Santa Filomena (Banlagin)
Santa Isabel
Santa Maria
Santa Maria Magdalena (Boe / Kuba)
Santa Monica
Santa Veronica (Bae)
Santiago I (Bulaho)
Santiago II
Santisimo Rosario (Balagbag)
Santo Angel (Ilog)
Santo Cristo
Santo Niño (Arsum)
Soledad (Macopa)

Demographics

{{Philippine Census

| align= none

| title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}}

| 1903 = {{PH census population|1903}}

| 1918 = {{PH census population|1918}}

| 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}}

| 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}}

| 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}}

| 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}}

| 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}}

| 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}}

| 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}}

| 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}}

| 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}}

| 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}}

| 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}}

| 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}}

| 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}}

| 2025 =

| 2030 =

| footnote= Source: Philippine Statistics Authority{{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}}

}}

According to the 2020 census, San Pablo had a population of 285,348 people,{{PH census|2020}} up from 266,068 people in the 2015 census.{{PH census|2015}} The city was once the largest city in Laguna, but it was overtaken by Calamba in the 1990 census. San Pedro followed suit in 1995, then came Santa Rosa and Biñan in 2007, and Cabuyao in 2015, all owing their growth to its proximity to Metro Manila.{{Cite web|url=http://122.54.214.222/population/MunPop.asp?prov=LAG&province=Laguna|title = Philippine Municipality Population}}

=Ethnicity and language=

The language spoken in the city and the medium of instruction in schools are English and Filipino, also known as Tagalog in this area.

Economy

{{stack|float=left|{{PH poverty incidence}}}}

File:San Pablo downtown, Jose Rizal Avenue (San Pablo, Laguna; 10-08-2022).jpg

File:SM City San Pablo (National Road, San Pablo, Laguna; 10-08-2022).jpg

At the end of the 20th century and the start of the 21st century, economic development shifted from San Pablo to western Laguna. San Pedro, Biñan, Santa Rosa, Cabuyao, Calamba, Los Baños, and Santa Cruz experienced rapid economic development brought about by local and foreign investments, the rapid growth of industrial estates and export processing zones, and the placement of major institutions in those areas, San Pablo City was left behind and remained a semi-developed residential community.

Despite the fact that the city was partly touched by economic development, San Pablo boasts itself as a potential eco-tourism destination in the province. However, given its human and land resources, various BPO companies are seriously looking at developing the city into the ICT hub of Southern Luzon. Although there were previous attempts to build a similar establishment, SM Prime Holdings was given its go signal in July 2008 to push ahead for SM City San Pablo located at Riverina Commercial Estates along Maharlika Highway at Barangay San Rafael.{{Cite web |url=http://www.smprime.com/sm-city-san-pablo |title=SM City San Pablo | SM Prime Holdings |access-date=June 25, 2016 |archive-date=August 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810205511/http://www.smprime.com/sm-city-san-pablo |url-status=dead }}

Apart from this, the development of the Hacienda Escudero plantation resort town and nearby real estates, which is a joint venture with Landco, is by far the largest planned community investment in the city covering {{convert|415|ha}}: It will include resort type communities; the original Villa Escudero Plantations as the center-piece; commercial establishments like a mall, hotels, and a convention center to be built relative to the distinctive architecture theme of the original Villa Escudero. As such Hacienda Escudero will become the ultimate history town themed community in this part of the country.

ABS-CBN TV-46 San Pablo (DWLY-TV) served the city through its office along Rizal Avenue at the heart of the city until its operations was shut down in 2020.

San Pablo also claims the title "City of Buko Pie", although other neighboring towns are also known for producing the delicacy. Colettes' Buko Pie, based in San Pablo, was known for experimenting with different variants of the delicacy. Colette's has also regularly produced the "World's Largest Buko Pie" during San Pablo's Coco Festival. Colette's is the largest Buko Pie brand in the Laguna area with 34 stores. The supply of coconut in San Pablo makes it an ideal spot for putting up buko pie shops.

Franklin Baker Company, one of the well-known companies with operations in San Pablo, has announced that its plant in the city would cease its operations and transfer to another existing facility, owned by the said company, in Davao del Sur by December 2008. The said decision could affect the jobs of at least 1,200 people, the majority of them San Pableños. Various factors are blamed for this closure, including the conversion of big coconut farms into residential areas.{{cite news|newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/regions/view_article.php?article_id=111583|date=January 10, 2008|access-date=May 8, 2008|title=83-year-old factory to close, render 1,200 workers jobless}}{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} However, production was restored in the first quarter of 2009 in the San Pablo plant of Franklin Baker Company due to processing problems encountered at Davao del Sur.{{clear left}}

Tourism and recreation

= Natural Attractions =

The Seven Lakes of San Pablo, seven crater lakes scattered around the city, have for many generations provided food and livelihood, leisure and respite for the citizens of the city. A bustling city of trade and commerce, it is also a center of education and learning with schools, colleges, and training institutions.

Lake Sampaloc, located behind the City Hall, is the youngest crater lake in the San Pablo volcanic field and the largest of the Seven Lakes of San Pablo.
Lake Bunot
Lake Calibato
Twin Lakes – Lakes Pandin and Yambo
Lake Palakpakin
Lake Muhikap

File:Panorama of Sampalok Lake, San Pablo City, Laguna.jpg

= Built attractions =

Hacienda Escudero Plantation Resort Town is the largest planned community investment in the city covering {{convert|415|ha}}. The resort has the richness of coconut plantation, and provides serenading Filipino songs and Bayanihan Dances (Folk Dances).
Public Playground at Sampalok Lake (Katuparan ng Pangarap: Fulfillment of Dreams) is a public playground in the city built during the term of mayor Atty. Zacarias Africa Ticzon, who as well improved tourism places around Lake Sampaloc, that is near the municipal City Hall. Both places serve as haven for sports, and recreation. The vicinity for tourism consequently encouraged small businesses for restaurants of native dishes catering visitors of the area. It has dramatically contributed income for the city.
The Komikero Komiks Museum, a brick-and-mortar museum meant to showcase the Philippines' rich history of graphic novels and comic books, and the talent of eminent artists in the field,{{Cite news |work=ABS-CBN News|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/12/21/19/gerry-alanguilan-world-class-illustrator-who-never-forgot-his-roots |title=Gerry Alanguilan: World-class illustrator who never forgot his roots |last=Olivares |first=Rick |date=December 21, 2019 |publisher=ABS-CBN Corporation|access-date=January 6, 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221173852/https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/12/21/19/gerry-alanguilan-world-class-illustrator-who-never-forgot-his-roots |archive-date=December 21, 2019 |language=en}} features original art from Philippine comic book industry leaders including Alfredo Alcala, Francisco Coching, Alex Niño, Steve Gan, Nestor Redondo, Tony Velasquez, Hal Santiago, and Gerry Alanguilan. Alanguilan himself curated the museum until his death in 2019.{{Cite news |url=http://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/arts-and-culture/247643-things-to-know-about-filipino-comic-book-legend-gerry-alanguilan |title=Who is Gerry Alanguilan, Filipino comic book legend? |work=Rappler|access-date=January 6, 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221035747/https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/arts-and-culture/247643-things-to-know-about-filipino-comic-book-legend-gerry-alanguilan |archive-date=December 21, 2019 |language=en}}
San Pablo City Heritage Zone{{Cite web |title=San Pablo City Heritage Zone |url=https://sanpablocityheritagezone.ph/ |access-date=2024-08-11 |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Malgapu |first=Hans |date=2021-03-25 |title=USTGS-CCCPET develops San Pablo City Heritage District Conservation Guidelines |url=https://www.ust.edu.ph/ustgs-cccpet-develops-san-pablo-city-heritage-district-conservation-guidelines/ |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=University of Santo Tomas |language=en-US}}- a planned preservation of the city's historic Spanish and American occupation structures which contain among others:
Old City Hall- now the Museo San Pablo
Fule- Malvar Mansion
DepEd Library Hub
Prudencia Fule Ancestral House and Elementary School
San Pablo City Central School
Hagdang Bato

= Cultural Events =

Coco Festival - A week long event in honor of town patron St. Paul the First Hermit
Tilapia Festival- held every May, this is in tribute to the aquaculture industry of the city{{Cite web |last=Peñaflor |first=Venus L. |date=2023-05-27 |title=16th Tilapya Festival to promote sustainable Tilapia industry in San Pablo City |url=https://tutubi.ph/16th-tilapyaan-festival-to-promote-sustainable-tilapia-industry-in-san-pablo-city/ |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=Tutubi News Magazine |language=en-US}}
Semana Santa- a week long observance for Catholics and Aglipayans. The city hosts one of the largest displays of faith in the country, most especially during the Holy Wednesday and Good Friday processions {{Cite web |title=PEJ Reader |url=https://ejournals.ph/function/reader1/read2/web/reader.php?id=uploads/archive/MRJ/Vol.+11+No.+1+(2022)/Articles/Article5.pdf&di=22106 |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=ejournals.ph}}

Sampalok Lake, San Pablo City, Laguna, July 2023.jpg|Lake Sampaloc

Hagdang Bato, San Pablo City, Laguna.jpg|Hagdang Bato

Tilapia Monument, San Pablo City, Laguna.jpg|Tilapia Monument

Andres Bonifacio Monument, San Pablo City, Laguna.jpg|Andres Bonifacio Monument

Government

File:SanPabloCityjf7230 03.JPG

=Elected officials=

class=wikitable \|+ San Pablo City officials (2022–2025)
Name	colspan=2\|Party
colspan=3\| Mayor
Vicente B. Amante \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
colspan=3\| Vice Mayor
Justin G. Colago \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
colspan=3\| Councilors
Carmela A. Acebedo \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Angelita E. Yang \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Martin Angelo B. Adriano Jr. \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Richard C. Pavico \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Lou Vincent B. Amante \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Dandi C. Medina \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Cesarito C. Ticzon \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Francis A. Calatraba \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Buhay D. Espiritu \| {{party name with colour\|Nacionalista Party}}
Christian Dior C. Amante \| {{party name with colour\|Independent politician}}
colspan=4\| Ex Officio City Council Members
ABC President \| colspan=3\| Ariston A. Amante (San Jose)
SK President \| colspan=3\| Liberty Pamela E. Capuchino (II-B Guadalupe)

class=wikitable

|+ San Pablo City officials (2022–2025)

Name

colspan=2|Party

colspan=3| Mayor

Vicente B. Amante