Lavrentiya

It is situated on Lavrentiya Bay, named by Captain James Cook who arrived in the bay on the feast day of Saint Lawrence[https://web.archive.org/web/20071007093855/http://redcross-chukotka.ru/English/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=16 Red Cross Chukotka - Providensky District] (Archived) in 1778. The village itself was founded in 1928[http://chukotraion.ru/places/index.html Муниципальное образование сельское поселение Лаврентия] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914000547/http://chukotraion.ru/places/index.html |date=September 14, 2012 }} Municipal formation rural settlement of Lavrentiya - Official website of Chukotsky District (although some sources suggest 1927). By 1928 a Kultbaza (a semi-permanent cultural base established by the Soviet Union in rural areas to ensure the ideological education of local indigenous inhabitants) had been established in the area and by 1930 the settlement was sufficient that it was appointed as the administrative centre of Chukotsky District. This appointment was later transferred to Uelen but administrative responsibilities returned to Lavrentiya in 1942.^,

Lavrentiya was founded as a village in 1928, when a Chukchi Kultbaza, a communist run cultural and political base was established. The Chukchi Kultbaza connected the various administrative and economic institutions of the region to promote the consolidation of Soviet power. A steamer with timber for the construction of houses and other buildings entered the Gulf of Lawrence in August 1927 with workers on board.{{cite web|url=http://www.chukot.izbirkom.ru/way/935266.html |title=Лаврентия (Lavretiya) |publisher=Избирательная комиссия Чукотского автономного округа (Election Commission of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) |accessdate=2011-06-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203035816/http://chukot.izbirkom.ru/way/935266.html |archivedate=February 3, 2014 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://centrolavr.ru/history.shtml |title=Историческая справка (Historical Background |publisher=МОУ "Центр образования с. Лаврентия" (Village of Lavrentiya Education Centre) |accessdate=2011-06-19 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20110619190557/http://centrolavr.ru/history.shtml |archivedate=June 19, 2011 |url-status=dead }} By the autumn of 1928 Kultbaza consisted of a series of buildings: a veterinary station, repair shop for motor vehicles and appliances, hospital, warehouse, homes, factories, boarding schools and three residential houses.V. Pisigin, Посолонь (письма с Чукотки): Часть III. Лаврентия. Письмо двадцать четвертое. 21 декабря. Лаврентия (Posolon (Letters from Chukotka): Part 3: Lavrentiya, Letter number 24, 21 December) (2001) Epicentre Publishing. Following the formation of the village, in December 1930 the Kultbaza in Lavrentiya became the administrative centre for the Chukotka National District (not to be confused with the current Chukotsky District), though in April 1932, this was switched to Anadyr.V. Nikiforov [http://www.ks87.ru/site.xp/050049124052050053.html Уездная история] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130803065407/http://www.ks87.ru/site.xp/050049124052050053.html |date=August 3, 2013 }} (County History) (2011) Krayny Sever In December 1933, at a meeting of the District CPSU, the question was raised in Lavrentiya concerning the potential transfer of district institutions for what is now Chukotsky District to Lavrentiya from their current position in Uelen. Transfer ultimately took place but was slow. A final decision was not made until late in 1940. The first institutions did not actually move until 1942 and, because of World War 2, were not completed until 1946. With the shift in district administration to Lavrentiya, a new airfield was built and during World War 2 this was used for Lend-Lease flights.Institute of Geography [http://igras.ru/index.php?r=119&id=2894 Лаврентия] (Lavrentiya)

In 1955, a regular air route was established between Lavrentiya and Uelen, and in 1958, a number of Yupik who lived at Naukan were relocated to the village following the closure of Naukan.Unknown, [http://www.chukotka.org/region/history/soviet_chukotka/index.php?sphrase_id=242 Советская Чукотка] (Soviet Chukotka) Chukotka Autnonmous Okrug Portal of State Bodies

Within the framework of municipal divisions, Lavrentiya is subordinated to Chukotsky Municipal District and incorporated as Lavrentiya Rural Settlement.

There is an annual Whale and Skin Boat Regatta held in the village every year.

The museum in the village, dedicated to indigenous history and culture, achieved national status in 1994 and contains exhibits from Uelen and Ekven, including a number of "winged objects", butterfly-shaped instruments carved from walrus tusk, which initially provoked confusion over their original purpose. Initial opinion was divided, with some thinking they were part of a staff, others that they had religious significance and others still thinking that they were purely aesthetic. However, investigation into the aerodynamics of the objects found that their shape had much in common with modern aircraft wings and it was proposed that these objects were in fact to assist in the flight of harpoons, thinking confirmed by the discovery of a harpoon with a "winged object" still attached to it. It is not clear why such a useful tool fell out of use amongst the indigenous peoples.

Historically, one of the most significant cultural exports from the village was the indigenous ensemble Yeti ({{langx|ru|Етти}}) which was led in 1976 by the Yupik woman M. S. Glukhikh, who now leads the national ensemble White Sail ({{langx|ru|Белый парус}}).

The village also contains the Church of the Archangel Michael.

Lavrentiya, as the administrative centre of the district contains the majority of the key district facilities including a branch of the district court and public prosecutor, hospital, post office, school, telecomms, pharmacy and is the regional headquarters for the airline Chukotavia.

Lavrentiya is {{convert|650.|km}} from Anadyr.

The village is served by Lavrentiya Airport.

The village of Lorino is linked to Lavrentiya by a {{convert|40|km|mi|sp=us}} unpaved road. Other than this short road, Lavrentiya, despite being the administrative centre of the district, is not linked to any other part of the world by road. However, the settlement has a small number of roads within it.

Lavrentiya has an arctic tundra climate (Köppen climate classification ET)McKnight and Hess, pp. 235-237 because the warmest month has an average temperature between {{convert|0|and|+10|C|F}}.

{{Weather box

|metric first=yes

|single line=yes

|location=Lavrentiya

|Jan high C= −13.2

|Feb high C= −15.6

|Mar high C= −14.2

|Apr high C= −7.9

|May high C= −0.1

|Jun high C= 5.5

|Jul high C= 9.4

|Aug high C= 9.0

|Sep high C= 5.7

|Oct high C= 0.5

|Nov high C= −4.7

|Dec high C= −12.1

|year high C= −3.1

|Jan mean C = −16.9

|Feb mean C = −19.2

|Mar mean C = −18.1

|Apr mean C = −11.7

|May mean C = −2.8

|Jun mean C = 2.7

|Jul mean C = 6.6

|Aug mean C = 6.5

|Sep mean C = 3.6

|Oct mean C = −1.6

|Nov mean C = −7.6

|Dec mean C = −15.4

|year mean C = −6.2

|Jan low C= −20.5

|Feb low C= −22.8

|Mar low C= −21.9

|Apr low C= −15.5

|May low C= −5.5

|Jun low C= −0.1

|Jul low C= 3.9

|Aug low C= 4.1

|Sep low C= 1.5

|Oct low C= −3.7

|Nov low C= −10.4

|Dec low C= −18.7

|year low C= −9.1

|Jan precipitation mm= 23

|Feb precipitation mm= 17

|Mar precipitation mm= 17

|Apr precipitation mm= 17

|May precipitation mm= 16

|Jun precipitation mm= 21

|Jul precipitation mm= 38

|Aug precipitation mm= 57

|Sep precipitation mm= 47

|Oct precipitation mm= 35

|Nov precipitation mm= 29

|Dec precipitation mm= 24

|source 1={{cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/chukotka-autonomous-okrug/lavrentiya-412452/|title= Climate Lavrentiya |publisher=climate-data.org|accessdate=October 10, 2012}}

}}

• List of inhabited localities in Chukotsky District
• Koolen

{{Reflist|2}}

• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|chu|adm|law}} {{in lang|ru}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|chu|mun|list|chukotsky}} {{in lang|ru}}
• {{cite book | author1=McKnight, Tom L | author2=Hess, Darrel | year=2000 | chapter=Climate Zones and Types | title=Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation | location=Upper Saddle River, NJ | publisher=Prentice Hall | isbn=0-13-020263-0 | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/physicalgeographmckn }}
• M Strogoff, P-C Brochet, and D. Auzias [https://books.google.com/books?id=ogRsocK2wBQC&dq=petit+fute+chukotka&pg=PA1 Petit Futé: Chukotka] (2006). "Avant-Garde" Publishing House.

{{commons category}}

• Igor Krupnik and Mikhail Chlenov. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110818073305/http://id.erudit.org/revue/etudinuit/2007/v31/n1-2/019715ar.html?lang=en The end of "Eskimo land": Yupik relocation in Chukotka, 1958-1959] Études/Inuit/Studies 31 (1–2), 2007, pp. 59–81. Includes material on Naukan relocation; some Naukan Yupik settled in Lavrentiya.
• [http://foto.chukotken.ru/categories.php?cat_id=73 Lavrentiya photo gallery] {{in lang|ru}}
• [http://foto.chukotken.ru/details.php?image_id=2384 Panorama of Lavrentiya] {{in lang|ru}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2013}}

Category:Rural localities in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Category:Populated places of Arctic Russia

Category:Chukchi Sea

Category:Road-inaccessible communities of Russia

Category:Chukotsky District