Lengvenis
{{About|a son of Algirdas|a nephew of Mindaugas|Lengvenis (13th century)}}
{{Infobox monarch
| image = Seal of duke Lengvenis Algirdaitis with Vytis (Waykimas), 1379.jpg
| caption = Seal of Lengvenis, dating to 1379
| succession = Prince of Novgorod
| reign = 1389–1392, 1406–1411
| predecessor = Dmitry Donskoy
| successor = Vasily III Dmitriyevich
| succession1 = Prince of Mstsislaw
| reign2 = 1392–1431
| predecessor2 = Karigaila
| successor2 =
| spouse = Maria Dmitrovna
| dynasty = Gediminid
| father = Algirdas
| mother = Uliana of Tver
| birth_date = {{circa|1360}}
| death_date = after 19 June 1431
}}
Lengvenis{{efn|{{langx|be|Лугвен-Сымон, Łuhvien}}; {{langx|ru|Лугвений, Лугвен, Лугвень, Lugven(y)}}, {{langx|pl|Lingwen Semen Olgierdowicz}}.}} ({{circa|1360}} – after 19 June 1431{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}}) was one of the sons of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, who was the prince of Novgorod (1389–1392; 1406–1411). He was one of the most famous commanders of Vytautas the Great.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} He was baptized in the Eastern Orthodox rite as Semën to be titled the prince of Novgorod.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}}
Life
Lengvenis was born to Algirdas and his second wife Uliana of Tver.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} In 1387, Lengvenis commanded one of Lithuanian formations in a battle with the Teutonic Order.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} Invited by the Novgorodians themselves, Lengvenis was first regent in Great Novgorod in 1389–1392, responsible to Jogaila, the Grand Duke of Lithuania.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} He was baptized in the Eastern Orthodox rite as Semën and received the title of Prince of Great Novgorod.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}}{{cite book |last1=Rowell |first1=Stephen Christopher |title=Lithuania Ascending: A Pagan Empire Within East-Central Europe, 1295-1345 |title-link=Lithuania Ascending |date=5 May 1994 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-45011-9 |edition=1994 |location=Cambridge |pages=251 |language=en}} After Lengvenis lost this title in 1392, Vytautas the Great appointed him in 1393 as the Prince of Mstislavl in then eastern Lithuania.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} In 1406–1411, Lengvenis, once again, was regent of Great Novgorod, this time responsible to Vytautas.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} As ruler of Novgorod he led battles against Pskov Republic, Livonian Order, and Sweden.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}}
In 1410, Lengvenis participated in the Battle of Grunwald. He led his own "banner", and a certain Georgy- the next banner in the famous list of chronicler Jan Długosz. Often this George is considered the son of Lengvenis, Yury. Many historians{{What|date=November 2024}} believe that under the command of Lengvenis there were three banners of Smolensk land, which played a significant role in the battle.{{cite web |url=http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus5/Dlugos/frametext4.htm |website=vostlit.info |accessdate=16 December 2019 |language=ru|title=Ян Длугош->История Польши->Публикация 1962 Г.->Год 1410. Часть Ii }} In 1411 Lengvenis participated in the signing of the Peace of Thorn.{{Sfn|Batūra|2005}} He was married to Maria Dmitrovna, princess of Moscow, the daughter of Dmitry Donskoy.
In 1380, he founded the Monastery of the Dormition in Pustynki near Mstsislaw in then eastern Lithuania, now Belarus.{{cite web|url=http://www.piligrim.by/content/view/226/|title=Пустынки. Свято-Успенский мужской монастырь|website=Piligrim.by|accessdate=3 November 2019|language=Russian}}
See also
- House of Algirdas – family tree of Lengvenis
Notes
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References
{{reflist}}
Sources
- {{citation |last=Batūra |first=Romas |date=2005 |chapter=Lengvenis |others=compiled by Vytautas Spečiūnas |title=Gediminaičiai |location=Vilnius |publisher=Institute of Science and Encyclopedia Publishing |isbn=5-420-01558-7 |lang=lt}}
- {{Cite web |last=Batūra |first=Romas |date=2018-09-12 |title=Lengvenis Algirdaitis |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/lengvenis-algirdaitis/ |website=vle.lt |language=lt}}
- Jučas, Mečislovas (1990). Žalgirio mūšis (Battle of Grunwald). Vilnius: Mokslas, 174. {{ISBN|5-420-00242-6}}. {{in lang|lt}}