Leon Botstein

Botstein was born in Zürich, Switzerland, in 1946.{{cite web|last1=Abel|first1=Olivia|title=Interview with Leon Botstein: 35 Years (and Counting) as President of Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY|date=July 6, 2011|url=https://hvmag.com/archive/interview-with-leon-botstein-35-years-and-counting-as-president-of-bard-college-annandale-on-hudson-ny/|access-date=2021-02-22}} The son of Polish-Jewish physicians, Botstein immigrated to New York City at the age of two. He studied violin with Roman Totenberg and, during the summers, studied with faculty from the National Conservatory in Mexico City.

In 1963, at age 16, Botstein graduated from the High School of Music and Art in Manhattan. He graduated from the University of Chicago in 1967 with a bachelor's degree in history. While an undergraduate, he was concertmaster and assistant conductor of the university orchestra and founded its chamber orchestra.{{cite web|last1=Elliott|first1=Susan|title=Orchestrating a career: College president, conductor, and writer: for Leon Botstein, work is a three-part harmony.|url=https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0212/alumni/vitae.html|website=University of Chicago Magazine|access-date=2021-02-22}} His music teachers in college included composer Richard Wernick and the musicologists H. Colin Slim and Howard Mayer Brown. In 1967, after studying at Tanglewood, Botstein attended Harvard University, where he studied history under David Landes, writing on musical life of Vienna in the 19th and early 20th centuries, earning an MA in 1968. At Harvard, he was the assistant conductor of the Harvard Radcliffe Orchestra and conductor of the Doctors' Orchestra of Boston.{{Cite magazine|last=Gregory|first=Alice|date=2014-09-22|title=The Duke of Bard|magazine=The New Yorker|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/09/29/pictures-institution|access-date=2017-12-25|issn=0028-792X}}

In 1969, while a graduate student, Botstein was awarded a Sloan Foundation Fellowship and began work for New York City Mayor John V. Lindsay’s administration as special assistant to the president of the Board of Education of the City of New York.{{Cite web|title=BIOGRAPHY|url=https://www.leonbotstein.com/biography|access-date=2020-10-12|website=LEON BOTSTEIN|language=en-US}} In 1970, at age 23, Botstein became the youngest college president in history after being appointed president of the now-defunct Franconia College in New Hampshire. He was offered the position after meeting his future father-in-law, Oliver Lundquist, who was on the board of trustees.

In 1975, Botstein left Franconia to become the president of Bard College, a position he still holds. He oversaw significant curricular changes,{{Cite news|last=Wilson|first=Robin|date=1997-10-10|title=In a 22-Year Career, Bard's President Radically Transforms College's Mission|work=The Chronicle of High Education|url=https://www.chronicle.com/article/in-a-22-year-career-bards-president-radically-transforms-colleges-mission/|access-date=2021-02-22}} and, under his leadership, Bard saw record gains in enrollment, campus growth, endowment, institutional reach, and high-profile faculty. Botstein directed the launch of the Levy Economics Institute, a public-policy research center, as well as graduate programs in the fine arts, decorative arts, environmental policy, and curatorial studies; soon thereafter, he helped acquire Bard College at Simon's Rock and later founded Bard High School Early College, which operates in seven cities: Newark, New York City, Cleveland, Washington D.C., Baltimore, New Orleans, and Hudson.

In the wake of the death of his second child, an 8-year-old daughter, Botstein decided to return to the musical career he had begun at University of Chicago. In 1985, he completed his Ph.D. in music history at Harvard{{Cite book |title=Music and its public : habits of listening and the crisis of musical modernism in Vienna, 1870-1914 | oclc=70419131 |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70419131}} and began retraining as a conductor with Harold Farberman, eventually leading the Hudson Valley Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra.

Image:Fisher at Bard College.jpg In 1990, Botstein established the Bard Music Festival, whose success led to the development of the critically acclaimed{{cite news|last1=Rozhon|first1=Tracie|title=From Gehry, A Bilbao on The Hudson|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/20/garden/from-gehry-a-bilbao-on-the-hudson.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=August 20, 1998|access-date=2021-02-22}}{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2003/06/02/030602crsk_skyline?currentPage=1|title=Artistic License Two great new cultural centers open out of town|first=Paul|last=Goldberger|date=2 June 2003|magazine=The New Yorker|access-date=2012-07-09}} Richard B. Fisher Center for the Performing Arts, a multi-functional facility designed by Frank Gehry on the Bard campus. In 1992, in addition to being named editor of The Musical Quarterly, he was appointed director of the American Symphony Orchestra, a position he still holds. Under Botstein's directorship, the orchestra has developed a reputation for rescuing lesser-known works from obscurity.{{cite web|last1=Baker|first1= Zachary |title=Leon Botstein|url=https://prelectur.stanford.edu/lecturers/botstein/|website=Stanford University Libraries|access-date=2021-02-22}} In 1999, he helped establish Bard’s acclaimed Prison Initiative, which established college-in-prison programs across the country and is now active in nine states.

In 2003, following the success of the Bard Music Festival, Botstein developed Bard SummerScape, a festival of opera, theater, film, and music, where, since its founding, he has revived 13 rare operas in full staging.{{cite news|last=Woolfe|first=Zachary|title=An Opera Known for Obscurity, Plucked From the Shadows|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 19, 2013}} Later that year, Botstein became the music director of the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra.{{cite news|last1=Eckert|first1=Thor|title=Professor Botstein in the Promised Land|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/12/arts/music/professor-botstein-in-the-promised-land.html?|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 12, 2006|access-date=2021-02-22}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k9SOCgAAQBAJ&q=%22Leon+Botstein+%282003%22%22Jerusalem+Symphony+Orchestra%22&pg=PA171|title=A Dictionary for the Modern Conductor|first=Emily Freeman|last=Brown|date=August 20, 2015|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810884014|via=Google Books}} His concerts with the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra were broadcast in regular series across the U.S. and Europe, and he led the orchestra on several tours, including twice across the U.S. and to Leipzig to open the 2009 Bach Festival with a performance of Felix Mendelssohn’s Elijah in Bach’s Thomaskirche. In 2011, he stepped down from that post and became the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra's Conductor Laureate and, as of 2022, also serves as its Principal Guest Conductor. In addition to his work with the ASO and JSO, Botstein has performed or recorded with, among many others, the London Philharmonic Orchestra, New York City Opera, Los Angeles Philharmonic, BBC Symphony Orchestra, London Symphony Orchestra, Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra, St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra, Mariinsky Theatre Orchestra, and NDR Symphony Orchestra. In 2005, his recording of Gavriil Popov’s First Symphony with the London Symphony Orchestra was nominated for a Grammy Award.{{cite web |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/leon-botstein/791|title=Artist: Leon Botstein|date=November 19, 2019|publisher=Grammy Award|access-date=2021-02-22}}

File:"Intolerance" Performed by the American Symphony Orchestra at Carnegie Hall (26711512508).jpg by Luigi Nono at Carnegie Hall in 2018.]]Throughout this period, in collaboration with institutions abroad, Botstein helped launch liberal arts programs to countries in Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, South Africa, Central Asia, and the Middle East. He established programs with Al Quds University,[https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/15/world/middleeast/15quds.html Palestinian Campus Looks to East Bank (of Hudson)], New York Times, February 14, 2009 American University of Central Asia,[http://antiwar.com/radio/2010/12/11/the-other-scott-horton-8/ Scott Horton Interviews The Other Scott Horton] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220165555/http://antiwar.com/radio/2010/12/11/the-other-scott-horton-8/ |date=2011-02-20 }}, Antiwar Radio (Dec. 11, 2010) and Central European University,{{cite web |url=http://ceu.bard.edu/about/ |title=CEU | About CEU & Budapest |access-date=3 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505093748/http://ceu.bard.edu/about/ |archive-date=5 May 2008 }} Bard College: About CEU and Budapest as well as helping found Bard College Berlin{{Cite web|url = http://www.berlin.bard.edu/about-us/history/|title = History|access-date = August 9, 2014|website = Bard College Berlin}} and Smolny College, Russia's first and foremost liberal arts institution.{{cite news|last1=Fischer|first1=Karen|title=A Missionary for Liberal Arts|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/08/education/a-missionary-for-liberal-arts.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 7, 2014|access-date=2021-02-22}}{{cite web|last1=Redden|first1=Elizabeth|title=Open Society University Network Launched With $1 Billion Gift|url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/02/04/amid-authoritarian-resurgence-george-soros-pledges-1-billion-toward-new-university|website=Inside Higher Education|access-date=2021-02-22}}

Botstein also turned his attention to developing Bard's music program. In 2005, he oversaw the development of The Bard College Conservatory of Music and later became director of The Bard Conservatory Orchestra. During this period, he also helped Bard acquire the Longy School of Music, and led The Bard Conservatory Orchestra on tours of China, Eastern Europe, and Cuba. In addition to conducting for the Youth Orchestra of Caracas in Venezuela and on tour in Japan, Botstein also helped develop Take a Stand, a national music program in the U.S. based on principles of El Sistema.{{cite web|last1=Ng|first1=David|title=Los Angeles Philharmonic embarking on new El Sistema initiative|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/la-et-cm-los-angeles-philharmonic-el-sistema-youth-20150108-story.html|website=The New York Times|date=January 8, 2015 |access-date=2021-02-22}}{{cite web|url=https://fishercenter.bard.edu/events/event/?eid=131228|work=Fisher Center|title=NATIONAL TAKE A STAND ORCHESTRA: YOUTH ORCHESTRA OF THE EAST}} In 2015, he founded The Orchestra Now,{{cite web |url=https://www.bard.edu/theorchnow/about/ |title=About The Orchestra Now |publisher=bard.edu |access-date=2021-02-22}} a pre-professional orchestra and master’s degree program at Bard College; in addition to performing multiple concerts each season at Carnegie Hall and Lincoln Center, The Orchestra Now performs a regular concert series at Bard's Fisher Center and takes part in Bard Music Festival concerts.

In 2016, Botstein received $150,000 as a donation to Bard College from the foundation Gratitude America, which was founded by financier and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, according to articles in The New York Times{{cite news |last1=Patel |first1=Vimal |title=Bard President Received $150,000 From Foundation Created by Jeffrey Epstein |work=The New York Times |date=May 17, 2023 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/17/us/leon-botstein-bard-college-jeffrey-epstein.html |access-date=5 January 2024}} and The Wall Street Journal. At the time, Botstein was on the charity's advisory board.{{Cite news |last=Briquelet |first=Kate |date=May 17, 2023 |title=Epstein Transferred Thousands of Dollars to Noam Chomsky, Leon Botstein: Report |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/jeffrey-epstein-transferred-thousands-of-dollars-to-noam-chomsky-leon-botstein-report |access-date=May 17, 2023 |website=The Daily Beast}}{{Cite news |last=Safdar |first=Khadeeja |date=May 17, 2023 |title=Jeffrey Epstein Moved $270,000 for Noam Chomsky and Paid $150,000 to Leon Botstein |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/jeffrey-epstein-noam-chomsky-leon-botstein-bard-ce5beb9d |access-date=May 17, 2023 |website=Wall Street Journal}}

In 2018, Botstein was appointed artistic director of Campus Grafenegg in Austria, where he collaborated with Thomas Hampson and Dennis Russell Davies. On January 23, 2020, he was named chancellor of the Open Society University Network, of which Bard College and Central European University are founding members.{{Cite web|url=https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/newsroom/george-soros-launches-global-network-to-transform-higher-education|title=George Soros Announces Global Initiative to Transform Higher Education|website=Opensocietyfoundations.org|access-date=December 14, 2024}}{{Cite web|url=https://opensocietyfoundations.org/people/leon-botstein|title=Leon Botstein|website=Opensocietyfoundations.org|access-date=December 14, 2024}}

In 2019, Botstein appeared in the documentary College Behind Bars, a four-part television series about the Bard Prison Initiative, a degree program offered to inmates in New York prisons. The series was produced by his daughter, Sarah Botstein, who works for Ken Burns's documentary production company.{{Cite web|last=|last2=|first2=|last3=|first3=|last4=|first4=|last5=|first5=|last6=|first6=|title=Sarah Botstein|url=https://kenburns.com/staff/sarah-botstein/|access-date=2021-09-01|website=Ken Burns|language=en-US}}

Botstein is renowned{{cite news|last=Davis|first=Peter|title=Wagner's Anxiety of Influence|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/26/arts/music/26davi.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 22, 2009}}{{cite news|last=Scherer|first=Barrymore|title=Undeniable Influence|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204619004574320190510992778?KEYWORDS=%E2%80%9Cone+of+the+most+intellectually+stimulating+of+all+American+summer+festivals%E2%80%9D|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=August 5, 2009}}{{cite news|last=Berman|first=Daphna|title=The Money-making Music Man|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.4784614|newspaper=Haartez|date=December 10, 2004}} for reviving and promoting neglected repertoire and composers.{{cite news|last=Adler|first=Margot|title=Botstein Revives The East German Avant-Garde|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=99814511|newspaper=NPR|date=January 24, 2009}}{{cite news|last=Tommasini|first=Anthony|title=A Symphony With Powerful Champions, but Often Overlooked|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/17/arts/music/a-symphony-with-powerful-champions-but-often-overlooked.html?|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 16, 2016}}{{cite news|last=Cooper|first=Michael|title=Bard SummerScape to Feature Work of the Composer Carlos Chávez|url=https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/16/bard-summerscape-to-feature-work-of-the-composer-carlos-chvez/|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 16, 2015}} In addition, as director of the American Symphony Orchestra and the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra, he emerged as a significant proponent of "thematic programming", which assembles concert programs around common themes grounded in literature, music history, or art.{{cite web|url=https://prelectur.stanford.edu/lecturers/botstein/#_ednref9|title=Leon Botstein|work=Stanford University Libraries|date=2011-01-21}} He is also known for the series "Classics Declassified", in which he lectures, conducts, and takes questions from the audience.{{cite web|title=ASO|url=http://www.americansymphony.org/downloads|access-date=29 May 2013}} Both the Bard Music Festival and Bard SummerScape continue his method of reviving neglected works and synthesizing performance and scholarship. The Wall Street Journal{{'s}} Barrymore Laurence Scherer wrote, "the Bard Music Festival…no longer needs an introduction. Under the provocative guidance of the conductor-scholar Leon Botstein, it has long been one of the most intellectually stimulating of all American summer festivals and frequently is one of the most musically satisfying. Each year, through discussions by major scholars and illustrative concerts often programmed to overflowing, Bard audiences have investigated the oeuvre of a major composer in the context of the society, politics, literature, art and music of his times."

Botstein's scholarship focuses on the intersection of music, culture, and politics since the early 19th century. He has written books including Judentum und Modernitaet and Von Beethoven zu Berg: Das Gedächtnis der Moderne (2013) and The History of Listening: How Music Creates Meaning (2000).

In addition, he is coeditor of Vienna: Jews and the City of Music, 1870-1938, published in 2004, and editor of The Complete Brahms: A Guide to the Musical Works of Johannes (1999).

Botstein's essays for The Bard Music Festival are published as a series in the Princeton University Press.{{cite web|url=http://press.princeton.edu/catalogs/series/bfs.html |title=Princeton University Press Books in The Bard Music Festival |publisher=Press.princeton.edu |date=2012-04-19 |access-date=2012-06-22}}{{cite news|last=Matthews|first=David|title=Refuge in the Forest|newspaper=Times Literary Supplement|date=January 27, 2012}} He has been editor of The Musical Quarterly since 1993 and a frequent contributor to periodicals focusing on music and history.

Botstein also writes frequently on primary and secondary education and universities: in addition to the book Jefferson's Children: Education and the Promise of American Culture (1997), he is the author of numerous articles on education in the United States.{{cite news|last=Appel|first=Jacob|title=Leon Botstein: The Maestro of Annandale|newspaper=Education Update|date=January 15, 2004}}

Botstein is the brother of biologist David Botstein and pediatric cardiologist Eva Griepp. Both of his parents were physicians who, after emigrating to the U.S., served on faculty of the Einstein College of Medicine in New York.

He is the husband of art historian Barbara Haskell. They have two children: Clara Haskell Botstein, director of legislation and governmental relations at the D.C. office of the deputy mayor for education,{{Cite web |title=NCTQ: About: Board of Directors: Clara Haskell Botstein |url=https://www.nctq.org/about/boardMember/Clara-Haskell-Botstein |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=www.nctq.org}} and Max Botstein.{{cite web |last1=Musleah |first1=Rahel |date=May 2009 |title=Profile: Leon Botstein |url=https://www.hadassahmagazine.org/2009/05/29/profile-leon-botstein/ |access-date=October 28, 2019 |website=www.hadassahmagazine.org}}

Botstein and his first wife, Jill Lundquist, are the parents of Sarah Botstein, who produced the documentary College Behind Bars, and Abby Botstein (1973-1981).

• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=The History of Listening: How Music Creates Meaning|year=|publisher=Basic Books|location=New York, NY}}
• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=Von Beethoven zu Berg: Das Gedächtnis der Moderne|year=2013|publisher=Zsolnay}}
• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=Freud und Wittgenstein Sprache und menschliche Natur|year=2011|publisher=Picus Verlag|location=Vienna}}
• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=Vienna: Jews and the City of Music|year=2004|isbn=978-1931493277|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton, NJ}}
• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=The Complete Brahms: A Guide to the Musical Works of Johannes|year=1999|location=New York, NY}}
• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=Jefferson's Children: Education and the Promise of American Culture|year=1997|isbn=0-385-47555-1|publisher=Doubleday|location=New York, NY}}
• {{cite book|last=Botstein|first=Leon|title=Judentum und Modernität : Essays zur Rolle der Juden in der deutschen und österreichischen Kultur, 1848 bis 1938|publisher=Böhlau|year=1991|location=Vienna|isbn=3-205-05358-3}}

• (2020) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=Morten|editor-last= Kristiansen |title=Strauss in Context|publisher=Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press|chapter=Traditionalism|isbn=9781108379939|date=2020}}
• (2020) {{cite book |last=Botstein |first=Leon |editor-first=Nancy |editor-link=Nancy November |editor-last=November |title=The Cambridge Companion to the Eroica Symphony |publisher=Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press |chapter=The Eroica in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries |isbn=978-1108422581 |date=2020}}
• (2020) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=Benedict|editor-last=Taylor|title=Rethinking Mendelssohn|publisher=Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press|chapter=The Philosophical Composer: The Influence of Moses Mendelssohn and Friedrich Schleiermacher on Felix Mendelssohn|isbn=9780190611781|date=2020}}
• (2018) {{cite journal|title=Redeeming the Liberal Arts|journal=Liberal Education|volume=104|issue=4|pages=1–5|doi=10.1515/9780691202006-018|year=2018|last1=Botstein|first1=L.|s2cid=241873827 |doi-access=}}
• (2017) {{cite news|title=Hungary's xenophobic attack on Central European University is a threat to freedom everywhere|newspaper=Washington Post|date=April 4, 2017}}{{cite web|last1=Botstein|first1=Leon|title=Hungary's xenophobic attack on Central European University is a threat to freedom everywhere|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/global-opinions/wp/2017/04/04/hungarys-xenophobic-attack-on-central-european-university-is-a-threat-to-freedom-everywhere/|website=washingtonpost.com|access-date=4 April 2017}}
• (2017) {{cite journal|title=American Universities Must Take a Stand|journal=New York Times|date=February 8, 2017}}{{cite news|last1=Botstein|first1=Leon|title=American Universities Must Take a Stand|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/08/opinion/american-universities-must-take-a-stand.html?ref=opinion&_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 8, 2017|access-date=8 February 2017}}
• (2016) {{cite news|title=Bard president draws parallels between European anti-Semitism and American racism to explain Trump's win|newspaper=Washington Post|date=December 16, 2016}}{{cite web|last1=Ross|first1=Janell|title=Bard president draws parallels between European anti-Semitism and American racism to explain Trump's win|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/bard-president-draws-parallel-between-postwar-european-anti-semitism-and-2016-american-racism-to-explain-trumps-win/2016/12/16/628aee90-c2d4-11e6-aa03-f2e1260448ff_story.html|website=washingtonpost.com|access-date=16 December 2016}}
• (2016) {{cite magazine|title=The Election Was About Racism Against Barack Obama|magazine=TIME|date=December 13, 2016}}{{cite magazine|last1=Botstein|first1=Leon|title=The Election Was About Racism Against Barack Obama|url=https://time.com/4597969/election-racism-obama/|magazine=Time|date=December 13, 2016 |access-date=13 December 2016}}
• (2016) {{cite magazine|title=Why the Next President Should Forgive All Student Loans|magazine=TIME|date=August 12, 2016}}{{cite web |last1=Botstein |first1=Leon |date=August 12, 2016 |title=Why the Next President Should Forgive All Student Loans |url=https://money.com/next-president-should-forgive-all-student-loans/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818165413/https://money.com/next-president-should-forgive-all-student-loans/ |archive-date=August 18, 2020 |website=Money.com}}
• (2016) {{cite book |last=Botstein |first=Leon |editor-first=Jacques |editor-last=Picard |title=Makers of Jewish Modernity: Thinkers, Artists, Leaders, and the World They Made |publisher=Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press|chapter=Walther Rathenau (1867-1922): Bildung, Prescription, Prophecy |isbn=9780691164236|date=2016-08-09 }}
• (2015) {{cite journal|title=Can Music Speak Truth to Power?|journal=Musical America|date=August 12, 2015}}{{cite web|last1=Botstein|first1=Leon|title=Can Music Speak Truth to Power?|url=https://www.musicalamerica.com/features/?fid=205&fyear=2015|website=musicalamerica.com}}
• (2014) {{cite magazine|title=The SAT is Part Hoax, Part Fraud|magazine=TIME|date=March 24, 2014|volume=183|issue=11|pages=17}}
• (2014) {{cite news|title=How an Anti-Semitic Composer Created 'Kol Nidre' and 'Moses'|newspaper=The Jewish Daily Forward|date=March 24, 2014}}{{cite web|url=http://forward.com/articles/194853/how-an-anti-semitic-composer-created-kol-nidre-and/|title=How an Anti-Semitic Composer Created 'Kol Nidre' and 'Moses'|author=Leon Botstein|date=24 March 2014|work=The Forward}}
• (2014) {{cite news|title=Book Review: 'Mad Music' by Stephen Budiansky & 'Charles Ives in the Mirror' by David C. Paul|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=August 1, 2014}}{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/book-review-mad-music-by-stephen-budiansky-charles-ives-in-the-mirror-by-david-c-paul-1406927119|title=Book Review: 'Mad Music' by Stephen Budiansky & 'Charles Ives in the Mirror' by David C. Paul|author=Leon Botstein|date=1 August 2014|work=The Wall Street Journal}}
• (2013) {{cite news|title=Resisting Complacency, Fear, and the Philistine: The University and its Challenges|newspaper=The Hedgehog Review|date=June 1, 2013}}{{cite web|url=https://hedgehogreview.com/issues/the-american-dream/articles/resisting-complacency-fear-and-the-philistine-the-university-and-its-challenges|title=Resisting Complacency, Fear, and the Philistine: The University and its Challenges|author=Leon Botstein|date=1 June 2013|work=The Hedgehog Review}}
• (2011) {{cite book |last=Botstein |first=Leon |editor-first=Jane |editor-last=Fulcher |title=The Oxford Handbook to the New Cultural History of Music |publisher=New York: Oxford University Press|pages=256–304 |chapter=The Eye of the Needle: Music as History after the Age of Recording |isbn=978-0-19-534186-7|date=2011-09-29 }}
• (2010) {{cite news|title=The High School Sinkhole|url=http://roomfordebate.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/02/18/a-diploma-in-10th-grade/?scp=1&sq=the%20high%20school%20sinkhole&st=cse|newspaper=New York Times|date=February 10, 2010}}
• (2010) {{cite news|title=Why Mahler?|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=October 9, 2010}}
• (2009) {{cite magazine|title=For the Love of Learning|magazine=The New Republic|date=March 2, 2009}}
• (2009) {{cite news|title=Recovery Depends on School Reform|url=http://roomfordebate.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/02/06/preparing-for-the-next-job-market/?scp=1&sq=recovery%20depends%20on%20school%20reform&st=cse|newspaper=New York Times|date=February 2, 2009}}
• (2008) {{cite news|title=The Unsung Success of Live Classical Music|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=October 3, 2008}}
• (2007) {{cite journal|title=Freud and Wittgenstein: Language and human nature|journal=Psychoanalytic Psychology|date=March 24, 2007|volume=24|issue=4|pages=603–622|doi=10.1037/0736-9735.24.4.603|last1=Botstein|first1=Leon}}
• (2006) {{cite news|title=Memories of beginnings past|url=https://www.jpost.com/local-israel/in-jerusalem/memories-of-beginnings-past|newspaper=The Jerusalem Post|date=September 21, 2006}}
• (2006) {{cite news|title=Milton Babbitt: Speaking Truth Through Music|url=https://www.chronicle.com/article/milton-babbitt-speaking-truth-through-music/|newspaper=The Chronicle of Higher Education|date=April 14, 2006}}
• (2005) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=Emily|editor-last=Bilski|title= Jewish Women and Their Salons: The Power of Conversation|publisher=New Haven, CT: Yale University Press|chapter=Music, Femininity, and Jewish Identity: The Tradition and Legacy of the Salon|isbn=9780300103854|date=2005}}
• (2004) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=Judea and Ruth|editor-last=Pearl|title=I Am Jewish: Personal Reflections Inspired by the Last Words of Daniel Pearl|publisher=Woodstock, VT: Jewish Lights Publishing|chapter=Being Jewish|isbn=9781580232593|date=2004}}
• (2003) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=José|editor-last=Bowen|title=The Cambridge Companion to Conducting|publisher=Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press|chapter=The Future of Conducting|isbn=978-0521527910|date=2003}}
• (2003) {{cite news|title=The Merit Myth|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 14, 2003}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/14/opinion/the-merit-myth.html|title=The Merit Myth|author=Leon Botstein|date=14 January 2003|work=The New York Times}}
• (2001) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=Douglas|editor-last=Seaton|title=The Mendelssohn Companion|publisher=Westport, CT: Greenwood Press|chapter=Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and Emancipation: The Origins of Felix Mendelssohn’s Aesthetic Outlook|isbn=978-0313284458|date=2001}}
• (2001) {{cite news|title=We Waste Our Children's Time|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 24, 2001}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/25/opinion/we-waste-our-children-s-time.html?|title=We Waste Our Children's Time|author=Leon Botstein|date=24 January 2001|work=The New York Times}}
• (2000) {{cite news|title=What Local Control?|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 19, 2000}}{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/09/19/opinion/what-local-control.html|title=What Local Control?|author=Leon Botstein|date=19 September 2000|work=The New York Times}}
• (2000) {{cite book |last=Botstein|first=Leon|editor-first=Stanley|editor-last=Glenn|title=The Cambridge Companion to Beethoven|publisher=Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press|chapter= Sound and Structure in Beethoven's Orchestral Music|isbn= 978-1139002202 |date=2000}}

• (2020) Arthur Honegger, Dimitri Mitropoulos, and Othmar Schoeck. [http://theorchestranow.org The Orchestra Now]. Bridge.
• (2020) Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Frederic Chopin, and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. [http://theorchestranow.org The Orchestra Now] with Orion Weiss. Bridge.
• (2019) Arthur Bliss, Edmund Rubbra, and Arnold Bax. [http://theorchestranow.org The Orchestra Now] with Piers Lane. Hyperion.
• (2018) Ferdinand Ries. Piano Concertos No. 8 & 9. [http://theorchestranow.org The Orchestra Now] with Piers Lane. Hyperion.
• (2016) George Gershwin. Gershwin: Rhapsody in Blue, Piano Concerto in F, Variations on "I Got Rhythm," Eight Preludes for Solo Piano. Royal Philharmonic Orchestra with Mark Bebbington. SOMM Recordings.
• (2015) Paul Hindemith. The Long Christmas Dinner. American Symphony Orchestra. Bridge Records.
• (2012) Luigi Dallapiccola. Volo Di Notte. American Symphony Orchestra.
• (2009) Bruno Walter. Symphony No. 1. NDR Symphony Orchestra, Hamburg. CPO
• (2008) Béla Bartók. Concerto for Orchestra, Four Orchestral Pieces, Hungarian Peasant Songs. London Philharmonic Orchestra. Telarc.
• (2008) John Foulds. A World Requiem. BBC Symphony Orchestra. Chandos.
• (2007) Paul Dukas. Ariane et Barbe-Bleue. BBC Symphony Orchestra. Telarc.
• (2005) Ernest Chausson. Le roi Arthus. BBC Symphony Orchestra. Telarc.
• (2004) Gavril Popov: Symphony No. 1, Op. 7, Dimitri Shostakovich: Theme & Variations, Op. 3. London Symphonic Orchestra. Terlarc. Nominated for a Grammy Award in Best Orchestral Performance.
• (2005) Aaron Copland, Roger Sessions, George Perle, and Bernard Rands. Works by Copland, Sessions, Perle, and Rands. American Symphony Orchestra. New World Records.
• (2003) Richard Strauss. Die Ägyptische Helena. American Symphony Orchestra with Deborah Voigt. Telarc.
• (2003) Franz Liszt. Dante Symphony. London Symphony Orchestra. Telarc.
• (2000) Richard Strauss. Die Liebe der Danae. American Symphony Orchestra. Telarc.
• (1999) Karl Amadeus Hartmann. Symphonies No. 1 & No. 6. London Philharmonic Orchestra with Jard Van Nes. Telarc.
• (1998) Anton Bruckner. Symphony No. 5. (Schalk Edition). London Philharmonic Orchestra. Telarc.
• (1998) Ernst von Dohnányi. Symphony No. 1. London Philharmonic Orchestra. Telarc.
• (1995) Franz Schubert. Franz Schubert Orchestrated. American Symphony Orchestra. Telarc.
• (1993) Johannes Brahms. Serenade No. 1 In D. American Symphony Orchestra and Chelsea Chamber Ensemble. Vanguard.
• (1991) Joseph Joachim. Overture To Hamlet, Overture To Henry IV, Violin Concerto In D Minor In The Hungarian Manner. London Philharmonic Orchestra with Elmar Oliveira. IMP.

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.bard.edu Bard College]
• [http://www.americansymphony.org/ American Symphony Orchestra]
• [http://fishercenter.bard.edu/ Richard B. Fisher Center for the Performing Arts]
• [http://fishercenter.bard.edu/bmf Bard Music Festival]
• [http://fishercenter.bard.edu/summerscape Bard SummerScape]
• [https://www.amazon.com/s?i=popular&rh=p_32%3ALeon+Botstein&ref=dp_byline_sr_music_1 Leon Botstein's Discography]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Botstein, Leon}}

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