Leptodactylus

{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Leptodactylus albilabris.jpg

| image_caption = Leptodactylus albilabris

| taxon = Leptodactylus

| authority = Fitzinger, 1826

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = Many—see text

}}

Leptodactylus is a genus of leptodactylid frogs. It includes the species commonly called ditch frogs or white-lipped frogs.{{cite web|url=http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Leptodactylus&where-species=fragilis |title=Leptodactylus fragilis |publisher=AmphibiaWeb |access-date=2012-06-08}} It is very similar to Physalaemus, a close relative, and indeed the 2005 described Leptodactylus lauramiriamae is in some aspects intermediate between them.Heyer & Crombie (2005)

Etymology

The name means ‘slender finger’, from leptos (‘thin, delicate’) and the Greek {{transliteration|grc|daktylos}} ({{lang|grc|δάκτυλος}}, ‘finger, toe’).{{cite book|last=Dodd|first=C. Kenneth|title=Frogs of the United States and Canada|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Hwfz9P9gS0C&pg=PR20|volume=1|date=2013|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=978-1-4214-0633-6|page=20}}

Taxonomy

The genus Leptodactylus's sister taxon is the genus Hydrolaetare.{{Cite journal |last1=Sá |first1=Rafael O. de |last2=Grant |first2=Taran |last3=Camargo |first3=Arley |last4=Heyer |first4=W. Ronald |last5=Ponssa |first5=Maria L. |last6=Stanley |first6=Edward |date=September 2014 |title=Systematics of the Neotropical Genus Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leptodactylidae): Phylogeny, the Relevance of Non-molecular Evidence, and Species Accounts |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.2994/SAJH-D-13-00022.1 |journal=South American Journal of Herpetology |language=en |volume=9 |issue=s1 |pages=S1–S100 |doi=10.2994/SAJH-D-13-00022.1 |hdl=11336/12350 |issn=1808-9798|hdl-access=free }}

The genus is composed of 4 species groups.{{Cite journal |last1=Magalhães |first1=Felipe de M. |last2=Lyra |first2=Mariana L. |last3=de Carvalho |first3=Thiago R. |last4=Baldo |first4=Diego |last5=Brusquetti |first5=Francisco |last6=Burella |first6=Pamela |last7=Colli |first7=Guarino R. |last8=Gehara |first8=Marcelo C. |last9=Giaretta |first9=Ariovaldo A. |last10=Haddad |first10=Célio F.B. |last11=Langone |first11=José A. |last12=López |first12=Javier A. |last13=Napoli |first13=Marcelo F. |last14=Santana |first14=Diego J. |last15=de Sá |first15=Rafael O. |date=2020-12-11 |title=Taxonomic Review of South American Butter Frogs: Phylogeny, Geographic Patterns, and Species Delimitation in the Leptodactylus latrans Species Group (Anura: Leptodactylidae) |url=https://bioone.org/journals/herpetological-monographs/volume-34/issue-1/0733-1347-31.4.131/Taxonomic-Review-of-South-American-Butter-Frogs--Phylogeny-Geographic/10.1655/0733-1347-31.4.131.full |journal=Herpetological Monographs |volume=34 |issue=1 |doi=10.1655/0733-1347-31.4.131 |issn=0733-1347|url-access=subscription }} However, 3 species have not been assigned to a species group (L. hylodes, L. lauramiriamae, L. ochraceus).

class="wikitable"

|+

!Species Group

!Species included

!Image

Leptodactylus fuscus

group

|L. apepyta,{{Cite journal |last1=Schneider |first1=Rosio G. |last2=Cardozo |first2=Dario E. |last3=Brusquetti |first3=Francisco |last4=Kolenc |first4=Francisco |last5=Borteiro |first5=Claudio |last6=Haddad |first6=Célio |last7=Basso |first7=Nestor G. |last8=Baldo |first8=Diego |date=2019-10-11 |title=A new frog of the Leptodactylus fuscus species group (Anura: Leptodactylidae), endemic from the South American Gran Chaco |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=7 |pages=e7869 |doi=10.7717/peerj.7869 |doi-access=free |issn=2167-8359 |pmc=6791353 |pmid=31616603}} L. barrioi, L. albilabris, L. bufonius, L. caatingae, L. camaquara, L. cunicularius, L. cupreus, L. didymus, L. elenae, L. fragilis, L. furnarius, L. fuscus, L. gracilis, L. jolyi, L. kilombo, L. labrosus, L. laticeps, L. latinasus, L. longirostris, L. marambaiae, L. mystaceus, L. mystacinus, L. notoaktites, L. oreomantis, L. plaumanni, L. poecilochilus, L. sertanejo, L. spixi, L. syphax, L. tapiti, L. troglodytes, L. ventrimaculatus, L. watu{{Cite journal |last=Da Silva |first=Leandro A. |last2=MagalhãEs |first2=Felipe M. |last3=Thomassen |first3=Hans |last4=Leite |first4=Felipe S. F. |last5=Garda |first5=Adrian A. |last6=BrandãO |first6=Reuber A. |last7=Haddad |first7=CéLio F. B. |last8=Giaretta |first8=Ariovaldo A. |last9=De Carvalho |first9=Thiago R. |date=2020-05-19 |title=Unraveling the species diversity and relationships in the Leptodactylus mystaceus complex (Anura: Leptodactylidae), with the description of three new Brazilian species |url=https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4779.2.1 |journal=Zootaxa |volume=4779 |issue=2 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4779.2.1 |issn=1175-5334|url-access=subscription |hdl=11449/200443 |hdl-access=free }}

|frameless

L. fuscus (whistling grass frog)

Leptodactylus melanonotus group

|L. brevipes, L. colombiensis, L. discodactylus, L. diedrus, L. fremitus, L. grisegularis, L. intermedius, L. leptodactyloides, L. magistris, L. melanonotus, L. natalensis, L. nesiotus, L. pascoensis, L. petersii, L. podicipinus, L. pustulatus, L. riveroi, L. sabanensis, L. validus, L. wagneri{{Cite journal |last=Heyer |first=W. Ronald |date=1969 |title=The Adaptive Ecology of the Species Groups of the Genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2406697 |journal=Evolution |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=421–428 |doi=10.2307/2406697 |jstor=2406697 |pmid=28562917 |issn=0014-3820|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Gazoni |first1=Thiago |last2=Lyra |first2=Mariana L. |last3=Ron |first3=Santiago R. |last4=Strüssmann |first4=Christine |last5=Baldo |first5=Diego |last6=Narimatsu |first6=Hideki |last7=Pansonato |first7=André |last8=Schneider |first8=Rosío G. |last9=Giaretta |first9=Ariovaldo A. |last10=Haddad |first10=Célio F. B. |last11=Parise-Maltempi |first11=Patricia P. |last12=Carvalho |first12=Thiago R. |date=2021-01-01 |title=Revisiting the systematics of the Leptodactylus melanonotus group (Anura: Leptodactylidae): Redescription of L. petersii and revalidation of its junior synonyms |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0044523120301285 |journal=Zoologischer Anzeiger |volume=290 |pages=117–134 |doi=10.1016/j.jcz.2020.12.002 |bibcode=2021ZooAn.290..117G |issn=0044-5231|hdl=11449/209999 |hdl-access=free }}{{Cite journal |last=Carvalho |first=Thiago R. |last2=Fouquet |first2=Antoine |last3=Lyra |first3=Mariana L. |last4=Giaretta |first4=Ariovaldo A. |last5=Costa-Campos |first5=C. Eduardo |last6=Rodrigues |first6=Miguel T. |last7=Haddad |first7=Célio F. B. |last8=Ron |first8=Santiago R. |date=2022-12-31 |title=Species diversity and systematics of the Leptodactylus melanonotus group (Anura, Leptodactylidae): review of diagnostic traits and a new species from the Eastern Guiana Shield |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772000.2022.2089269 |journal=Systematics and Biodiversity |language=en |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=1–31 |doi=10.1080/14772000.2022.2089269 |issn=1477-2000}}

|frameless

L. melanonotus (Sabinal frog)

Leptodactylus latrans

group

|L. bolivianus, L. guianensis, L. insularum, L. latrans, L. luctator, L. macrosternum, L. paranaru, L. payaya, L. silvanimbus, L. viridis

|frameless

L. latrans (butter frog)

Leptodactylus pentadactylus

group

|L. fallax, L. flavopictus, L. knudseni, L. labyrinthicus, L. laticeps, L. lithonaetes, L. myersi, L. paraensis, L. pentadactylus, L. peritoaktites, L. rhodomerus, L. rhodomystax, L. rhodonotus, L. rugosus, L. savagei, L. stenodema, L. turimiquensis, L. vastus{{Cite journal |last=Heyer |first=W. Ronald |date=2005-11-30 |title=Variation and taxonomic clarification of the large species of the Leptodactylus pentadactylus species group (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Middle America, Northern South America, and Amazonia |url=https://revistas.usp.br/azmz/article/view/12024 |journal=Arquivos de Zoologia |language=pt |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=269–348 |doi=10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v37i3p269-348 |issn=2176-7793}}

|frameless

L. pentadactylus (smoky jungle frog)

Species

File:Leptodactylus apepyta.png]]

File:Leptodactylus furnarius02 (cropped).jpg]]

File:Rana saltadora (Leptodactylus gracilis), Uruguay, 2020 (cropped).jpg]]

File:Leptodactylus laticeps (cropped).jpg]]

File:Leptodactylus longirostris (10.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919) Figure 5 (cropped).png]]

File:Leptodactylus mystaceus 2 (10.5852-ejt.2022.836.1919) Figure 5 (cropped) (cropped).png]]

File:Leptodactylus mystacinus05.jpg]]

Image:Smokey Jungle Frog 3.jpg, Leptodactylus pentadactylus]]

File:Leptodactylus rhodomystax 182386098 (cropped).jpg]]

File:Leptodactylus rhodonotus.jpg]]

There are 84 species in this genus:{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Leptodactylidae/Leptodactylinae/Leptodactylus |title=Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2023 |work=Amphibian Species of the World 6.1, an Online Reference |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=19 January 2023}}

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Footnotes

{{Reflist}}

References

  • {{smallcaps|Heyer, W. Ronald & Crombie, Ronald I.}} (2005): Leptodactylus lauramiriamae, a distinctive new species of frog (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Rondônia, Brazil. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 118(3): 590–595. DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X(2005)118[590:LLADNS]2.0.CO;2 [http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.2988%2F0006-324X%282005%29118%5B590%3ALLADNS%5D2.0.CO%3B2 HTML abstract]